Abstract: This application discloses a congestion control method and related apparatus. In the congestion control method, a network device first obtains statistical information of a target egress queue within a first time period, where the target egress queue is any target egress queue in the network device. The network device determines an explicit congestion notification (ECN) threshold for the target egress queue within a second time period based on the statistical information of the target egress queue within the first time period, where the second time period is chronologically subsequent to the first time period. When a queue depth of the target egress queue exceeds the ECN threshold within the second time period, the network device sets an ECN mark for a data packet in the target egress queue.

Abstract: This application relates to the field of communications technologies, and discloses a network parameter (for example, an ECN threshold) configuration method and an apparatus, to dynamically configure a network parameter based on a change of a network transmission characteristic, so that the network parameter is dynamically adapted to a change of network traffic, thereby ensuring network transmission performance. The method includes: obtaining network statistical data corresponding to a first period, where the network statistical data includes a network transmission characteristic of a network device in the first period and a first value corresponding to a specified network parameter; determining, based on the network statistical data, a second value corresponding to the specified network parameter; and configuring the specified network parameter of the network device in a second period to the second value, where the second period is a period after the first period.

Abstract: The technology of this application relates to a method for identifying a flow, where a communication device counts a received packet in a first filtering manner. When determining that a quantity of the received packets of the target flow is greater than or equal to a first threshold, the communication device marks, starting from a packet that exceeds the first threshold, a packet whose count is a multiple of m. When determining that a quantity of the received packets of the target flow is greater than or equal to a second threshold, the communication device counts, in a second filtering manner, a packet that is continuously received. When determining that a quantity of the received packets of the target flow is greater than or equal to a third threshold ?4, the communication device determines that the target flow is an elephant flow, and marks a packet that is continuously received.

Abstract: A network device adds a fixed value to a congestion threshold (CT) when a first period ends. Detects whether a difference obtained by subtracting average traffic load of a queue in the first period from average traffic load of the queue in a second period is greater than a target increase value, sets the CT based on a detection result when the second period ends, where the first period is previous to the second period; marks a received packet when a quantity of packets buffered in the queue is greater than the CT, enqueues the marked packet and sends the marked packet to a receiving device.

Abstract: A physical unclonable function (PUF)-based method for enhancing system reliability is provided, including: requesting, by a client, data transmission with a server; randomly selecting, by the server, a plurality of metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) devices in an MOS array, and acquiring positional information of the plurality of MOS devices; calculating, by the server, a probabilistic PUF that the trap in each of the plurality of MOS devices is occupied by a carrier and constructing a probabilistic model; randomly generating, by the server, detection time according to the probabilistic model and sending the detection time and the positional information to the client; and determining, by the server, an occupancy probability of the trap in each of the plurality of MOS devices at the detection time according to the probabilistic model, and generating a theoretical code key.

Abstract: A distributed storage system includes a first access device and a plurality of nodes. The nodes include a first node and a second node, the first node accesses the first access device, and the first node is a storage node, a compute node, or a control node. The first access device is configured to detect a status of the first node and send a first notification message to the second node when the status meets a preset condition. The first notification message includes an identifier of the first node and status information of the first node. The second node is configured to receive the first notification message and perform a processing operation based on the first notification message.

Abstract: A processor may run a target application. A processor may monitor one or more file open operations performed by the target application. A processor may record one or more file information items associated with one or more files, wherein the one or more files are opened by the one or more file open operations. A processor may select one or more target file information items, wherein the one or more target file items include a target file property from the one or more file information items. A processor may retrieve a first set of file names of one or more target files used by the target application from the one or more target file information items. A processor may utilize the one or more target files to facilitate containerization of the target application.

Abstract: A method, an apparatus, and a system for locating a root cause of a network anomaly in the field of network technologies comprises, when a PFC deadlock occurs in a first egress port queue in a network device, the network device determines an abnormal data flow in the first egress port queue based on an access control list, where both an egress port and an ingress port of the abnormal data flow are uplink ports of the network device. The first egress port queue is any egress port queue in the network device. The network device sends anomaly information to a network management device, where the anomaly information includes an identifier of the abnormal data flow. The network management device transmits the identifier of the abnormal data flow to a display device for display by the display device.

Abstract: A network parameter configuration method, where in the method, network running data corresponding to a first period is input into a prediction model, so that the prediction model predicts, based on the input network running data, a value of a parameter of a network device in a second period, and the parameter of the network device in the second period is configured to the value predicted by the prediction model.

Abstract: This application relates to the field of communications technologies, and discloses a network parameter (for example, an ECN threshold) configuration method and an apparatus, to dynamically configure a network parameter based on a change of a network transmission characteristic, so that the network parameter is dynamically adapted to a change of network traffic, thereby ensuring network transmission performance. The method includes: obtaining network statistical data corresponding to a first period, where the network statistical data includes a network transmission characteristic of a network device in the first period and a first value corresponding to a specified network parameter; determining, based on the network statistical data, a second value corresponding to the specified network parameter; and configuring the specified network parameter of the network device in a second period to the second value, where the second period is a period after the first period.

Abstract: A network device adds a fixed value to a congestion threshold (CT) when a first period ends. Detects whether a difference obtained by subtracting average traffic load of a queue in the first period from average traffic load of the queue in a second period is greater than a target increase value, sets the CT based on a detection result when the second period ends, where the first period is previous to the second period; marks a received packet when a quantity of packets buffered in the queue is greater than the CT, enqueues the marked packet and sends the marked packet to a receiving device.

Abstract: This application discloses a congestion control method and related apparatus. In the congestion control method, a network device first obtains statistical information of a target egress queue within a first time period, where the target egress queue is any target egress queue in the network device. The network device determines an explicit congestion notification (ECN) threshold for the target egress queue within a second time period based on the statistical information of the target egress queue within the first time period, where the second time period is chronologically subsequent to the first time period. When a queue depth of the target egress queue exceeds the ECN threshold within the second time period, the network device sets an ECN mark for a data packet in the target egress queue.

Abstract: A physical unclonable function (PUF)-based method for enhancing system reliability is provided, including: requesting, by a client, data transmission with a server; randomly selecting, by the server, a plurality of metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) devices in an MOS array, and acquiring positional information of the plurality of MOS devices; calculating, by the server, a probabilistic PUF that the trap in each of the plurality of MOS devices is occupied by a carrier and constructing a probabilistic model; randomly generating, by the server, detection time according to the probabilistic model and sending the detection time and the positional information to the client; and determining, by the server, an occupancy probability of the trap in each of the plurality of MOS devices at the detection time according to the probabilistic model, and generating a theoretical code key.

Abstract: A network device adds a fixed value to a congestion threshold (CT) when a first period ends. Detects whether a difference obtained by subtracting average traffic load of a queue in the first period from average traffic load of the queue in a second period is greater than a target increase value, sets the CT based on a detection result when the second period ends, where the first period is previous to the second period; marks a received packet when a quantity of packets buffered in the queue is greater than the CT, enqueues the marked packet and sends the marked packet to a receiving device.

Abstract: This application provides a congestion control method, a network device, and a network interface controller. In the congestion control method performed by a first intermediate device, the first intermediate device receives a first data packet sent by a sending device, sends the first data packet to a receiving device along a first path, receives a first acknowledgment packet that is sent by the receiving device and that is used for acknowledging the first data packet, and determines a congestion degree of the first path based on a congestion mark in the first acknowledgment packet. The first intermediate device changes a window value and sends the changed first acknowledgment packet to the sending device. According to a solution provided in this application, a speed of transmitting a data packet is adjusted based on a congestion degree of a communication path and a quantity of bytes of the data packet.

Abstract: A method, an apparatus, and a system for implementing rate adjustment at a transmit end. The method includes: receiving, by a first network device, a first data packet sent by a previous-hop network device, where the first data packet includes a first required rate, a first deadline, and a first sending rate that correspond to a first data stream; obtaining, by the first network device, a second sending rate of the first data stream; and sending, by the first network device, a feedback packet to a second network device when the second sending rate is less than the first sending rate, where the feedback packet includes the second sending rate, and the feedback packet is used to instruct the second network device to inform, based on the second sending rate, the transmit end to adjust a rate for sending the first data stream.

Abstract: A method, an apparatus, and a system for locating a root cause of a network anomaly in the field of network technologies comprises, when a PFC deadlock occurs in a first egress port queue in a network device, the network device determines an abnormal data flow in the first egress port queue based on an access control list, where both an egress port and an ingress port of the abnormal data flow are uplink ports of the network device. The first egress port queue is any egress port queue in the network device. The network device sends anomaly information to a network management device, where the anomaly information includes an identifier of the abnormal data flow. The network management device transmits the identifier of the abnormal data flow to a display device for display by the display device.

Abstract: A network device adds a fixed value to a congestion threshold (CT) when a first period ends. Detects whether a difference obtained by subtracting average traffic load of a queue in the first period from average traffic load of the queue in a second period is greater than a target increase value, sets the CT based on a detection result when the second period ends, where the first period is previous to the second period; marks a received packet when a quantity of packets buffered in the queue is greater than the CT, enqueues the marked packet and sends the marked packet to a receiving device.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of manufacturing a Random Telegraph Noise source for use within true random number generators, comprising: subjecting a single semiconductor device to stress for a given period of time; and conditioning the single semiconductor device for a given period of time. Also disclosed is a true random number generator and a method of generating true random numbers.

Abstract: A method, an apparatus, and a system for implementing rate adjustment at a transmit end. The method includes: receiving, by a first network device, a first data packet sent by a previous-hop network device, where the first data packet includes a first required rate, a first deadline, and a first sending rate that correspond to a first data stream; obtaining, by the first network device, a second sending rate of the first data stream; and sending, by the first network device, a feedback packet to a second network device when the second sending rate is less than the first sending rate, where the feedback packet includes the second sending rate, and the feedback packet is used to instruct the second network device to inform, based on the second sending rate, the transmit end to adjust a rate for sending the first data stream.