Abstract: Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide methods and apparatus for level shifting an input signal ranging between certain voltage levels to generate an output signal ranging between other voltage levels with low power, high speed, and immunity to noise. One example level-shifting circuit generally includes a node for receiving an input signal ranging between a first voltage level and a second voltage level, a first circuit path coupled to the node and configured to level shift the input signal to generate an output signal ranging between a third voltage level and a fourth voltage level, a pulse generator coupled to the node and configured to generate a pulse based on a transition in the input signal between the first and second voltage levels, and a second circuit path connected in parallel with the first path and configured to temporarily short the first path based on the generated pulse.

Abstract: The present invention is applied to the technical field of solid-state storage, and provided are a solid state disk and a data management method and system. The data management method for a solid state disk comprises: saving the written data in a solid state disk after adding a timestamp to written data; receiving a mark command for marking the data to be invalid, marking an address range corresponding to the invalid data, and saving the marked information in the solid state disk after adding a timestamp to the marked information; comparing the timestamp of the marked information with the timestamp of the data in the marked address range after starting the solid state disk; if the timestamp of the data in the marked address range is earlier than the timestamp of the marked information, marking the address range as invalid, otherwise not marking the address range as invalid.

Abstract: The application is to antibodies which have been labelled with polyenzymes (multiple enzymes), specifically polyperoxidases, for use in direct immunohistochemical assays of tissues. The antibodies used diagnostically may also be antibodies which are used therapeutically.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising an interface and a control circuit. The interface may be configured to process a plurality of read/write operations to/from a memory. The control circuit may be configured to determine if a read disturb has occurred. If the read disturb has occurred, the control circuit may (a) determine a size of a group of the read/write operations and (b) write all of the group of the read/write operations to one of a plurality of memory modules of the memory.

Abstract: Described embodiments provide a solid-state drive (SSD) including a media controller and a solid-state media. A control processor of the media controller determines a logical address, a transfer size, and map data based on the logical address and transfer size, associated with a read request received from a host device. Based on the logical address and a sequential zone defined based on one or more previous read requests, the control processor determines whether the received read request is a sequential read. A map data pre-fetch size is adjusted based on the transfer size of the received read request and whether the received read request is a sequential read. A corresponding portion of the map data is transferred from the solid-state media to a map cache coupled to the control processor, the transferred portion having a size equal to the adjusted map data pre-fetch size.

Abstract: The present invention is applied to the technical field of solid-state storage, and provided are a solid state disk and a data management method and system. The data management method for a solid state disk comprises: saving the written data in a solid state disk after adding a timestamp to written data; receiving a mark command for marking the data to be invalid, marking an address range corresponding to the invalid data, and saving the marked information in the solid state disk after adding a timestamp to the marked information; comparing the timestamp of the marked information with the timestamp of the data in the marked address range after starting the solid state disk; if the timestamp of the data in the marked address range is earlier than the timestamp of the marked information, marking the address range as invalid, otherwise not marking the address range as invalid.

Abstract: A single-phase oral care composition is described. The composition comprises both calcium and phosphate sources and is substantially free of water and is substantially free of generated calcium phosphate comprising compounds. The single-phase oral care composition is stable, maintains good viscosity characteristics and avoids the need for compartmentalized packaging.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising an interface and a control circuit. The interface may be configured to process a plurality of read/write operations to/from a memory. The control circuit may be configured to determine if a read disturb has occurred. If the read disturb has occurred, the control circuit may (a) determine a size of a group of the read/write operations and (b) write all of the group of the read/write operations to one of a plurality of memory modules of the memory.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a memory and a controller. The memory may be configured to process a plurality of read/write operations. The memory comprises a plurality of memory modules each having a size less than a total size of the memory. The controller is configured to (i) determine if a read disturb has occurred, and (ii) if the read disturb has occurred, the controller (a) determines a size of the group of read/write operations, and (b) writes all of the group of read/write operations to one of the memory modules.

Abstract: Described embodiments provide a solid-state drive (SSD) including a media controller and a solid-state media. A control processor of the media controller determines a logical address, a transfer size, and map data based on the logical address and transfer size, associated with a read request received from a host device. Based on the logical address and a sequential zone defined based on one or more previous read requests, the control processor determines whether the received read request is a sequential read. A map data pre-fetch size is adjusted based on the transfer size of the received read request and whether the received read request is a sequential read. A corresponding portion of the map data is transferred from the solid-state media to a map cache coupled to the control processor, the transferred portion having a size equal to the adjusted map data pre-fetch size.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a memory and a controller. The memory may be configured to process a plurality of read/write operations. The memory comprises a plurality of memory modules each having a size less than a total size of the memory. The controller is configured to (i) determine if a read disturb has occurred, and (ii) if the read disturb has occurred, the controller (a) determines a size of the group of read/write operations, and (b) writes all of the group of read/write operations to one of the memory modules.

Abstract: A single-phase oral care composition is described. The composition comprises both calcium and phosphate sources and is substantially free of water and is substantially free of generated calcium phosphate comprising compounds. The single-phase oral care composition is stable, maintains good viscosity characteristics and avoids the need for compartmentalized packaging.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a group of new oligonucleotides sequences with human tumor necrosis factor ? (TNF-?) inhibiting activity, which includes DNA sequences and RNA sequences. These oligonucleotides or aptamer can specifically be bound to TNF-? and inhibit the cytoxicity of TNF-? to L929 cells. Therefore, the aptamer of the present invention may be used to detect TNF-? and provide a therapeutic method for diseases related to the increasing level of TNF-?. Compared with other TNF antagonists such as monoclonal antibody and soluble receptor, the present invention has high specificity, high affinity, quick penetration to target tissue, rapid plasma clearance, and lower immunogenecity. Turthermore, it can be used repeatedly and keeps high concentration in target tissue and the like. It has the advantages of affinity and specificity similar to monoclonal antibodies and also has permeability and pharmacokinetics characteristics similar to small molecular polypeptide.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for in vivo heterologous nucleic acid delivery using genetically modified microflora. Specifically, compositions and related methods for the delivery of heterologous nucleic acids to the intestinal mucosa of animals are provided. Specifically, genetically modified microflora are used to deliver transforming heterologous nucleic acids directly, or genetically modified microflora expressing at least one heterologous nucleic acid are provided. Representative microflora include bacteria, bacterial fusions, and yeast. The heterologous nucleic acid may encode for immunoprotective epitopes (antigens) or other gene therapy applications.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a group of new oligonucleotides sequences with human tumor necrosis factor &agr; (TNF-&agr;) inhibiting activity, which includes DNA sequences and RNA sequences. These oligonucleotides or aptamer can specifically be bound to TNF-&agr; and inhibit the cytoxicity of TNF-&agr; to L929 cells. Therefore, the aptamer of the present invention may be used to detect TNF-&agr; and provide a therapeutic method for diseases related to the increasing level of TNF-&agr;. Compared with other TNF antagonists such as monoclonal antibody and soluble receptor, the present invention has high specificity, high affinity, quick penetration to target tissue, rapid plasma clearance, and lower immunogenecity. Turthermore, it can be used repeatedly and keeps high concentration in target tissue and the like. It has the advantages of affinity and specificity similar to monoclonal antibodies and also has permeability and pharmacokinetics characteristics similar to small molecular polypeptide.

Abstract: Clinical grade vectors comprising transformed microflora vector having at least one transforming nucleic acid sequence containing at least one gene of interest are provided. The transforming nucleic acid encodes for a therapeutic polypeptide that is delivered to the host in need thereof topically, orally, intranasally and/or transderamally. The clinical grade vectors are derived from lactic acid bacteria, yeast and other non-pathogenic microorganisms and have been provided with selective/and or reporter genes that do not rely on antibiotic resistance. Moreover, the clinical grade vectors are provided with phenotypic and/or genotypic traits that limit the ex vivo dissemination of transforming nucleic acid sequence(s). Also provided are methods and compositions useful in treating diseases in animals.

Abstract: Methods and compostions related to the fields of bacteriology, immunology and gene therapy are provided. In general modified microflora for the delivery of vaccines, allergens and therapeutics to the mucosal surfaces of the respiratory tract are provided. In particular, the compositions and methods are directed at inducing an M-cell mediated immune response to pathogenic diseases. Specifically, methods of vaccine preparation, delivery and mucosal immunization using a Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB), yeast and LAB that have been modified through fusion with E. coli to either present on its cell surface, or secrete, antigenic epitopes derived from pathogenic microorganisms and/or to secrete a therapeutic protein sequence are disclosed.