Abstract: This application provides an unmanned aerial vehicle authentication method and an apparatus. The method includes: sending, by a communications device after determining that a type of a terminal is a UAV, authentication information of the terminal to an authentication server, so that the authentication server can perform authentication on the terminal based on the authentication information of the terminal, and therefore, the authentication server completes authentication on the terminal. In addition, the unmanned aerial vehicle is allowed to fly only after authentication on the terminal succeeds. Therefore, flight security of the unmanned aerial vehicle can be improved.

Abstract: According to embodiments, a user equipment (UE) receives an access credential message, The access credential message indicates an access credential for an on-demand network for the UE to access. The access credential message further indicates a limited lifespan of the access credential. The UE transmits, to the on-demand network, an authentication and authorization request. The authentication and authorization request includes information about the access credential. The UE receives, from the on-demand network, an authentication and authorization response. The UE establishes a session with the on-demand network based on the authentication and authorization response.

Abstract: A UE may receive active service time information from a network having business relationship with a home network of the UE. The network may be a short-lived network that is created on-demand and lasts for a period of time. The active service time information may indicate an expiration time of operation of the network or a service provided by the network. The UE may determine whether to select the network for access based on the active service time information and a network selection policy that includes a requirement related to network active service time. The UE may select the network, and access the network according to the active service time information.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for terminating a virtual network function (VNF) instance according to termination requirements of the VNF instance. The termination requirements may be defined in a VNF descriptor corresponding to the VNF instance. A network function virtualization (NFV) management entity may obtain the termination requirements and initiate termination of the VNF instance based on the obtained termination requirements.

Abstract: A system and method for reducing congestion in onboarding networks before onboarding and provisioning connections are made by user equipment (UE), and for reducing congestion in onboarding networks after attempts are made by UEs to make connections to onboarding networks for onboarding and provisioning which result in network congestion. Broadcast information (referred to herein as “onboarding access control information”) from a radio access network (RAN) to user equipment (UE) is used in order to guide onboarding UEs to detect and access the right onboarding network to prevent unnecessary network access attempts by UEs which are not authorized to access an onboarding network for onboarding.

Abstract: This application provides an unmanned aerial vehicle authentication method and an apparatus. The method includes: sending, by a communications device after determining that a type of a terminal is a UAV, authentication information of the terminal to an authentication server, so that the authentication server can perform authentication on the terminal based on the authentication information of the terminal, and therefore, the authentication server completes authentication on the terminal. In addition, the unmanned aerial vehicle is allowed to fly only after authentication on the terminal succeeds. Therefore, flight security of the unmanned aerial vehicle can be improved.

Abstract: A network device of a network may generate a network information container including information to be sent to a communication device. The network is a home network of the communication device that is served by a visited network. The network information container may be integrity protected and/or cipher protected. The network device may send, to the communication device via the visited network, a message including the network information container and a credential indicator indicating a type of credential used to protect the network information container. The type of credential may be a 3GPP or non-3GPP credential. The communication device may verify the network information container using one or more security parameters based on the type of credential, and obtain the information in the network information container when the verification succeeds, or discard the network information container when the verification fails.

Abstract: A method for implemented by a user equipment (UE) receiving, by the UE from a home service provider (SP) of the UE, a first message including information associated with one or more target networks, the first message initiating a network switch changing a serving network of the UE from a current network to one target network of the one or more target networks; selecting, by the UE, the one target network of the one or more target networks; and accessing, by the UE, the one target network.

Abstract: A method for operating a user equipment (UE) includes transmitting, by the UE, a registration request message to establish a connection for onboarding, the registration message comprising an onboarding and provisioning indication information; and completing, by the UE with a network entity, provisioning in accordance with the onboarding and provisioning indication information.

Abstract: A method includes receiving, by a control plane (CP) from an application function (AF), a traffic influence routing rule comprising a service address representing a destination address of a route to an application server, the traffic influence routing rule specifying a breakout rule for packets of a communicating device addressed to the application server; storing, by the CP, the traffic influence routing rule in a policy control function (PCF); and generating, by the CP, a traffic filter for packets of at least one traffic flow associated with the communicating device, the traffic filter directing packets of the at least one traffic flow that are addressed to the application server to the service address, the traffic filter being generated in accordance with the traffic influence routing rule.

Abstract: A Virtual Network Function Descriptor (VNFD) parameter may include subfields that allow a management entity to determine whether the VNFD parameter can be updated. The subfields may include a write-ability subfield that indicates whether the VNFD parameter is a dynamic/configurable VNFD parameter or a fixed/static VNFD parameter. The VNFD parameter may also include an access permission subfield that indicates which entities are authorized to modify/update the VNFD parameter. The VNFD parameter may also include an administrative priority subfield that indicates a priority of an entity that set an attribute of the VNFD parameter. The VNFD parameter may also include a constraints subfield that indicates one or more conditions that are required to occur in order for the VNFD parameter to be updated.

Abstract: Traffic data is divided into data streams corresponding to workloads, and the data streams are multiplexed onto slice segments based on a multiplexing requirement or rule. Each slice segment is a physical or virtual processing element in a wireless network supporting network slicing. In one example, the data streams are multiplexed onto the slice segments such that data streams having different utility definitions are assigned to different slice segments. In another example, the data streams are multiplexed onto the slice segments such that workloads in the same cluster partitioned in a T-dimensional vector space are assigned to different slice segments.

Abstract: A method includes receiving, by an unmanned aerial system (UAS) traffic management (UTM) from a mobile network function providing UAS management support functionality, an authentication-authorization request including additional UAS management information associated with an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV); validating, by the UTM, the authentication-authorization request thereby producing authorization data associated with the UAV; determining, by the UTM, information for UAV management including remoted identification and tracking information (RITI); and transmitting, by the UTM to the mobile network function, an authentication-authorization response including the authorization data associated with the UAV and the information for UAV management.

Abstract: Systems and methods for network function virtualization (NFV) resource management are disclosed that include receiving, by a network functions virtualization orchestrator (NFVO), a reuse requirement for a first network service (NS) and determining, by the NFVO, that at least one constituent virtual network function (VNF) instance in the first NS is retainable for reuse in a second NS according to the reuse requirement when the first NS is to be terminated. In some embodiments, these systems and methods also include retaining, by the NFVO, the at least one constituent VNF instance in the first NS for reuse in the second NS.

Abstract: A transmit chain (TX chain) of a user equipment (UE) transmits an uplink signal to a first wireless network associated with a first base station or a second wireless network associated with a second base station. The uplink signal includes information indicative of a first receive chain (RX chain) of the UE being synchronized to the first base station to receive first traffic from the first wireless network, and a second RX chain of the UE being synchronized to the second base station to receive second traffic from the second wireless network. The UE transmits uplink traffic for the first wireless network and the second wireless network to the second base station via the TX chain of the UE.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for terminating a virtual network function (VNF) instance according to termination requirements of the VNF instance. The termination requirements may be defined in a VNF descriptor corresponding to the VNF instance. A network function virtualization (NFV) management entity may obtain the termination requirements and initiate termination of the VNF instance based on the obtained termination requirements.

Abstract: This application provides an unmanned aerial vehicle authentication method and an apparatus. The method includes: sending, by a communications device after determining that a type of a terminal is a UAV, authentication information of the terminal to an authentication server, so that the authentication server can perform authentication on the terminal based on the authentication information of the terminal, and therefore, the authentication server completes authentication on the terminal. In addition, the unmanned aerial vehicle is allowed to fly only after authentication on the terminal succeeds. Therefore, flight security of the unmanned aerial vehicle can be improved.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for terminating a virtual network function (VNF) instance according to termination requirements of the VNF instance. The termination requirements may be defined in a VNF descriptor corresponding to the VNF instance. A network function virtualization (NFV) management entity may obtain the termination requirements and initiate termination of the VNF instance based on the obtained termination requirements.

Abstract: This application provides an unmanned aerial vehicle authentication method and an apparatus. The method includes: sending, by a communications device after determining that a type of a terminal is a UAV, authentication information of the terminal to an authentication server, so that the authentication server can perform authentication on the terminal based on the authentication information of the terminal, and therefore, the authentication server completes authentication on the terminal. In addition, the unmanned aerial vehicle is allowed to fly only after authentication on the terminal succeeds. Therefore, flight security of the unmanned aerial vehicle can be improved.

Abstract: A method embodiment for network authentication includes selecting, by a user equipment (UE), an access network for establishing a network connection and receiving one or more network authentication status indications for a network associated with the access network. The method further includes implementing a network authentication and selection policy in accordance with the one or more network authentication status indications.