Abstract: A temperature-sensitive automatic rapid gas generation fire extinguishing device is provided, including a box body; a plurality of heat absorption fire extinguishing units are placed on an inner side wall of the box body, and a first trigger unit is arranged between one of the heat absorption fire extinguishing units close to the first baffle and the inner side wall of the box body; the one of the heat absorption fire extinguishing units triggers the first baffle to move down through the first trigger unit, and a relatively closed space is formed in the box body; a plurality of gas generation fire extinguishing units are placed on an inner side wall of the box body, and a second trigger unit is arranged between one of the gas generation fire extinguishing units close to the second baffle and the inner side wall of the box body.

Abstract: A method for predicting the morphological changes of liver tumor after ablation based on deep learning includes: obtaining a medical image of liver tumor before ablation and a medical image of liver tumor after ablation; preprocessing the medical image of liver tumor before ablation and the medical image of liver tumor after ablation; obtaining a preoperative liver region map, postoperative liver region map, and postoperative liver tumor residual image map; obtaining a transformation matrix by a Coherent Point Drift (CPD) algorithm and obtaining a registration result map according to the transformation matrix; training the network by a random gradient descent method to obtain a liver tumor prediction model; using the liver tumor prediction model to predict the morphological changes of liver tumor after ablation. The method provides the basis for quantitatively evaluating whether the ablation area completely covers the tumor and facilitates the postoperative treatment plan for the patient.

Abstract: A method for predicting the morphological changes of liver tumor after ablation based on deep learning includes: obtaining a medical image of liver tumor before ablation and a medical image of liver tumor after ablation; preprocessing the medical image of liver tumor before ablation and the medical image of liver tumor after ablation; obtaining a preoperative liver region map, postoperative liver region map, and postoperative liver tumor residual image map; obtaining a transformation matrix by a Coherent Point Drift (CPD) algorithm and obtaining a registration result map according to the transformation matrix; training the network by a random gradient descent method to obtain a liver tumor prediction model; using the liver tumor prediction model to predict the morphological changes of liver tumor after ablation. The method provides the basis for quantitatively evaluating whether the ablation area completely covers the tumor and facilitates the postoperative treatment plan for the patient.

Abstract: A system and method for controlling combustion in a direct injection spark ignition internal combustion engine inject fuel directly into a combustion chamber through an injector having an ignition jet or group of jets positioned primarily to support stratified charge formation and a mixing jet or group of jets positioned primarily to support homogeneous charge formation. The ignition jet(s) and mixing jet(s) produce discernibly different yet well connected fuel clouds within the cylinder to provide stable combustion and reduce cylinder wall wetting by appropriate selection of the axial/longitudinal angles and radial/circumferential angles of the ignition and mixing jets.

Abstract: A piston for use with a direct injection, spark ignition engine includes a piston body with a top face having a piston deck and a shallow bowl. Furthermore, the shallow bowl has a maximum depth that is in the range of one to five millimeters below the piston deck.

Abstract: The present invention is a dual-stage fuel injection strategy for compression ignition engines in which 15-40% of the fuel is injected into the combustion chamber no later than about ?20 to ?30 CA ATDC and as early as IVC. The rest of the fuel is then injected in one or more fuel pulses, none of which start before about ?20 to ?30 CA ATDC. The fuel injected early in the compression stroke forms a lean mixture that burns with low soot and low NOx emissions. The combustion of that fuel serves to increase in-cylinder temperature such that the ignition delay of subsequent fuel injection pulses is short. This mode is utilized when it is predicted that a NOx spike is imminent. Various other alternative methods for reducing NOx spikes are also disclosed such as specialized EGR systems that can provide EGR with low manifold vacuum.

Abstract: The present invention is a dual-stage fuel injection strategy for compression ignition engines in which 15-40% of the fuel is injected into the combustion chamber no later than about −20 to −30 CA ATDC and as early as IVC. The rest of the fuel is then injected in one or more fuel pulses, none of which start before about −20 to −30 CA ATDC. The fuel injected early in the compression stroke forms a lean mixture that burns with low soot and low NOx emissions. The combustion of that fuel serves to increase in-cylinder temperature such that the ignition delay of subsequent fuel injection pulses is short. This mode is utilized when it is predicted that a NOx spike is imminent. Various other alternative methods for reducing NOx spikes are also disclosed such as specialized EGR systems that can provide EGR with low manifold vacuum.

Abstract: A system and method for controlling combustion in a direct injection spark ignition internal combustion engine inject fuel directly into a combustion chamber in a wide-angle, hollow-cone spray to form a vortex that draws fuel vapor out of the spray to form a combustible fuel-air mixture at a spark location outside the hollow-cone spray. Various piston combustion bowl configurations further enhance the stability of the vortex and reduce fuel impingement on the piston surface while providing a desired compression ratio. Cylinder airflow is controlled to produce substantial swirl flow resulting in a more compact fuel cloud around the spark location to reduce over-mixing and improve robustness to cycle-to-cycle variation in the mixing process.

Abstract: A piston for use with a direct injection, spark ignition engine includes a piston body with a top face having a piston deck and a shallow bowl. Furthermore, the shallow bowl has a maximum depth that is in the range of one to five millimeters below the piston deck.

Abstract: Swirl motion of gases in a combustion chamber of an engine is affected by changing the timing of opening and closing one of two intake and/or exhaust valves. By retarding the opening of one intake valve relative to a second intake valve, swirl motion can be enhanced for the intake gases in the engine cylinder. Similarly, by retarding the opening of one of two exhaust valves, swirl motion can be induced for the residual gases. The system may include electric or hydraulic actuators or mechanically controlled valves. A variable valve lift system can also be used to control swirl motion in a combustion chamber.

Abstract: A method is presented for improving performance of direct injection spark ignition internal combustion engines at high load conditions by increasing the degree of homogeneity of the air-fuel mixture during the intake stroke of the engine. The improved performance is achieved by adding a deflector designed to reduce intake air impinging upon the fuel spray and deflecting it to the intake side of the combustion chamber, thus facilitating better fuel circulation throughout the combustion chamber. This method improves engine performance at high load engine operating conditions.

Abstract: A stratified-charge combustion chamber system for a direct-injection spark-ignited (DISI) engine with a swirl-type airflow. An asymmetrical combustion bowl design in the top wall of the piston provides a wide area on the downstream side of the swirl flow and a harbor area upstream of the swirl flow in a direction further away from the fuel injector. The edge of the combustion bowl is comprised of smoothly-connected curves with large radii, except for the curve connecting the wide and harbor areas, which has a small radius. The vertical cross-sections of the bowl also have large radii in order to guide the air-fuel mixture and rebounded fuel droplets toward the spark plug and prevent dead regions for the fuel. The precise position of the spark plug in the harbor area can be adjusted as desired within a certain range to improve ignitability of the air-fuel mixture.