Abstract: A circuit board device includes a multilayer board structure, a main ground and a circuit module. The main ground is configured in the multilayer board structure. The circuit module includes two differential-signal portions. These differential-signal portions are all located on one core layer of the multilayer board structure. Each of the differential-signal portions includes a differential through-hole pair and a plurality of ground through holes, and these ground through holes are arranged at intervals to surround the differential through-hole pair, and are electrically connected to the main ground. The patterns of the differential-signal portions are mirror symmetrical to each other based on an imaginary mirror line therebetween, and the minimum linear distances from the differential-signal portions to the imaginary mirror line are equal to each other.

Abstract: An optical device includes a range finding module. The range finding module includes a first light condenser unit, a light emitting unit and a light receiving unit. The first light condenser unit defines an optical axis and a hole disposed along the optical axis. The first light condenser unit, the light emitting unit and the light receiving unit are sequentially arranged along the optical axis. The light is emitted by the light emitting unit, passes through the hole, reaches an object, is reflected by the object, is converged by the first light condenser unit and is received by the light receiving unit to generate an electrical signal.

Abstract: A hydraulic system includes a horizon selection short section comprising a group of hydraulic input ports, a group of hydraulic output ports, and a first group of hydraulic control valves connected therebetween, configured to control the opening and closing of the group of hydraulic output ports through the group of hydraulic control valves; a high and low pressure selection short section including a group of hydraulic connectors, a group of high and low pressure output ports and an oil return ports, and a second group of hydraulic control valves connected therebetween. The group of hydraulic connectors are connected to the group of hydraulic output ports, and are configured to control the opening and closing of the group of high and low pressure output ports and the oil return port through the input mode and pressurization adjustment of the second group of hydraulic control valves and the horizon selection short section.

Abstract: An Organic Light-Emitting Diode display substrate and a preparation method thereof. The Organic Light-Emitting Diode display substrate includes: a first flexible organic layer; a first inorganic layer on the first flexible organic layer; a second flexible organic layer on the first inorganic layer; a pixel driving circuit layer on the second flexible organic layer; a light-emitting element layer on the pixel driving circuit layer, and a thickness of the first flexible organic layer is 5 ?m-20 ?m, a thickness of the first inorganic layer is 0.4 ?m-0.5 ?m, and a thickness of the second flexible organic layer is 5 ?m-20 ?m.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device includes forming first and second active regions; forming first to fifth gate electrodes, the second gate electrode being between the first and third gate electrodes, the fourth gate electrode being between the third and fifth gate electrodes; and selectively replacing at least one portion of at least one of the gate electrodes with an isolation dummy gate, including: replacing the first and fifth gate electrodes with first and second isolation dummy gates formed in trenches through the first and second active regions; and replacing a first portion of the third gate electrode overlying the second active region with a third isolation dummy gate formed in a first trench through the second active region, resulting in a second portion of the third gate over the first active region, and the third isolation dummy gate aligned with the second portion of the third gate.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described in which a user equipment (UE) may wake up from a sleep mode of a discontinuous reception (DRX) cycle based on receipt of uplink data. The UE may determine if an elapsed time between a prior receipt of one or more reference signals and an uplink transmission to the base station after waking up from the sleep mode is less than a threshold time value. If the elapsed time is less than the threshold time value, the UE may transmit an uplink transmission associated with the received uplink data prior to receiving one or more reference signals that may be used to update transmission parameters for uplink transmissions. If the elapsed time is at or above the threshold value, the UE may wait to receive the one or more reference signals and update the transmission parameters prior to the uplink transmission.

Abstract: Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide a technique for wireless communications by a user equipment (UE). The UE monitors a concurrent operation on multiple operating bands within a same subscriber identity module (SIM) or between multiple SIMs that involves sharing at least one radio frequency (RF) component. The UE enables or disables the at least one RF component based on the monitoring.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described in which a user equipment (UE) may wake up from a sleep mode of a discontinuous reception (DRX) cycle based on receipt of uplink data. The UE may determine if an elapsed time between a prior receipt of one or more reference signals and an uplink transmission to the base station after waking up from the sleep mode is less than a threshold time value. If the elapsed time is less than the threshold time value, the UE may transmit an uplink transmission associated with the received uplink data prior to receiving one or more reference signals that may be used to update transmission parameters for uplink transmissions. If the elapsed time is at or above the threshold value, the UE may wait to receive the one or more reference signals and update the transmission parameters prior to the uplink transmission.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described in which a user equipment (UE) may wake up from a sleep mode of a discontinuous reception (DRX) cycle based on receipt of uplink data. The UE may determine if an elapsed time between a prior receipt of one or more reference signals and an uplink transmission to the base station after waking up from the sleep mode is less than a threshold time value. If the elapsed time is less than the threshold time value, the UE may transmit an uplink transmission associated with the received uplink data prior to receiving one or more reference signals that may be used to update transmission parameters for uplink transmissions. If the elapsed time is at or above the threshold value, the UE may wait to receive the one or more reference signals and update the transmission parameters prior to the uplink transmission.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described in which a user equipment (UE) may wake up from a sleep mode of a discontinuous reception (DRX) cycle based on receipt of uplink data. The UE may determine if an elapsed time between a prior receipt of one or more reference signals and an uplink transmission to the base station after waking up from the sleep mode is less than a threshold time value. If the elapsed time is less than the threshold time value, the UE may transmit an uplink transmission associated with the received uplink data prior to receiving one or more reference signals that may be used to update transmission parameters for uplink transmissions. If the elapsed time is at or above the threshold value, the UE may wait to receive the one or more reference signals and update the transmission parameters prior to the uplink transmission.

Abstract: Examples described herein relate to enhancing data communication performance in a wireless communication network including a first subscription associated with a first radio access technology (RAT) and a second subscription associated with a second RAT, where the wireless communication device uses a same radio frequency (RF) resource to communicate over both the first RAT and the second RAT. The first RAT is used, in part, for data operations while the second RAT is used, in part, for voice operations. During idle state voice operations, the RF resource is reallocated from performing data operations to performing idle state voice operations, causing interruptions in the data operations. The wireless communication device adjusts at least one or a duration and an occurrence of the idle state voice operations to reduce the impact on the data operations.

Abstract: Examples described herein relate to enhancing data communication performance in a wireless communication network including a first subscription associated with a first radio access technology (RAT) and a second subscription associated with a second RAT, where the wireless communication device uses a same radio frequency (RF) resource to communicate over both the first RAT and the second RAT. The first RAT is used, in part, for data operations while the second RAT is used, in part, for voice operations. During idle state voice operations, the RF resource is reallocated from performing data operations to performing idle state voice operations, causing interruptions in the data operations. The wireless communication device adjusts at least one or a duration and an occurrence of the idle state voice operations to reduce the impact on the data operations.

Abstract: In a 3GPP LTE-A support for Mobile Type Communications, that is, M2M communications scheme, improvements of the random access are necessary to prevent random channel overload. Enhanced backoff in the presence of overload is such a mechanism, Counting the number of devices seeking RACH based on the number of received random access requests or else responses, and allocating Random Access resources on the basis of the number of requests, is another. Further, a channel aware resource allocation approach provides a way of determining, from the received requests, delay-tolerance of the M2M devices, based on which they are prioritized in accessing the random channel. Even within the prioritized devices, a smaller subset thereof may be prioritized further, according to radio conditions, to provide better access to those with higher SNR RBs.

Abstract: A method for allocating communication channels to access points in a communications network comprising: identifying, amongst the access points, one or more interference-prone pairs of access points, wherein each interference-prone pair comprises a first access point and a second access point that are currently using the same or overlapping communication channels to communicate with their respective client user devices, determining the number N of non-overlapping channels that are available for allocating to the access points; allocating the N non-overlapping channels between the access points in such a way as minimize the number of interference-prone pairs of access points; and where an access point cannot be allocated any one of the N channels without it comprising part of an interference-prone pair, selecting a particular one of the N channels to allocate to the access point based on a selection criterion.

Abstract: A user device including a receiver for establishing a communications link with a wireless network and an access point selecting module for selecting an access point to use in establishing the communications link, the access point selecting module configured to: identify a plurality of access points within range of the user device and for each one of the identified access points; determine a maximum rate of data throughput that is achievable if using the access point to connect to the network; determine the value of a load parameter for the access point, wherein the value of the load parameter is indicative of apparent demand for resources that the access point is currently experiencing; determine a relative potential capacity of the access point by weighting the maximum rate of data throughput by the load parameter and select an access point to connect to the wireless network.

Abstract: A method for implementing an uplink MU-MIMO protocol comprising: transmitting a sounding announcement from a base station to a plurality of wireless user stations; receiving, at the base station, a respective sounding signal from two or more of the wireless user stations; determining the duration of a period by which each wireless user station from which a sounding signal has been received should offset its data transmission relative to the other wireless user stations from which a sounding signal has been received; sending control announcement information to each wireless user station from which a sounding signal has been received, the control announcement information including a spatial transmission scheme and timing correction information defining the period for which those user stations are to offset their data transmission from one another; receiving data from the wireless user stations; and processing the received data using the timing correction information and spatial transmission scheme.

Abstract: A method for allocating communication channels to access points in a communications network comprising: identifying, amongst the access points, one or more interference-prone pairs of access points, wherein each interference-prone pair comprises a first access point and a second access point that are currently using the same or overlapping communication channels to communicate with their respective client user devices, determining the number N of non-overlapping channels that are available for allocating to the access points; allocating the N non-overlapping channels between the access points in such a way as minimise the number of interference-prone pairs of access points; and where an access point cannot be allocated any one of the N channels without it comprising part of an interference-prone pair, selecting a particular one of the N channels to allocate to the access point based on a selection criterion.

Abstract: A method for validating data received by a first party from a second party, the data comprising an aggregate sum of units of data recorded by one or more metering devices, the method comprising: receiving, at the first party, the aggregate sum of units of data from the second party and an encrypted aggregate sum of the units of data from a message aggregator to which each metering device has reported its readings, the aggregate sum being encrypted using an encryption key associated with the second party, encrypting the sum of the units of the data received from the second party using the encryption key; and comparing the result of encrypting the sum of the units of data received from the second party with the encrypted aggregate sum received from the message aggregator.

Abstract: In a 3GPP LTE-A support for Mobile Type Communications, that is, M2M communications scheme, improvements of the random access are necessary to prevent random channel overload. Enhanced backoff in the presence of overload is such a mechanism, Counting the number of devices seeking RACH based on the number of received random access requests or else responses, and allocating Random Access resources on the basis of the number of requests, is another. Further, a channel aware resource allocation approach provides a way of determining, from the received requests, delay-tolerance of the M2M devices, based on which they are prioritised in accessing the random channel. Even within the prioritised devices, a smaller subset thereof may be prioritised further, according to radio conditions, to provide better access to those with higher SNR RBs.

Abstract: Opportunistic forwarding of packet based communication is implemented by way of attention to link quality to determine a suitable prioritised route for communication. Ranking of potential routes (or the next hop in a route) can be conducted locally, with reference to a link quality metric also. Channel access by nodes of the same rank in a graph based network can be by way of link quality also.