Abstract: A coring tool, a coring method, and use thereof are provided. The coring tool has a differential device for selective force transmission and a core gripping device for core cutting operations arranged within the housing. The core gripping device has a retractable core gripper, a slip-collar type core gripper and a shielding mechanism. The shielding mechanism is configured to be actuated by the differential device, so that the slip-collar type core gripper is shielded during coring operation and a first core cutting operation to avoid accidental core cutting operation, and to be exposed during a second core cutting operation to complete the whole core cutting operation.

Abstract: This application provides a communication method, a gateway, and a management method and apparatus. A first data center is configured to provide non-public cloud services, and a second data center is configured to provide public cloud services. A gateway configured in the second data center is connected to a first subnet of the first data center, and is connected to a second subnet of the second data center. The first subnet and the second subnet have a same private network segment. The method includes: a layer 2 gateway receives a first address resolution protocol (ARP) request packet, which is used to request a MAC address of a second device in the second subnet, sent by a first device in the first subnet, and the gateway sends the first ARP reply packet, which carries a first MAC address of the gateway, to the first device.

Abstract: This application provides a communication method, a gateway, and a management method and apparatus. A first data center is configured to provide non-public cloud services, and a second data center is configured to provide public cloud services. A gateway configured in the second data center is connected to a first subnet of the first data center, and is connected to a second subnet of the second data center. The first subnet and the second subnet have a same private network segment. The method includes: a layer 2 gateway receives a first address resolution protocol (ARP) request packet, which is used to request a MAC address of a second device in the second subnet, sent by a first device in the first subnet, and the gateway sends the first ARP reply packet, which carries a first MAC address of the gateway, to the first device.

Abstract: This application provides a communication method, a gateway, and a management method and apparatus. A first data center is configured to provide non-public cloud services, and a second data center is configured to provide public cloud services. A gateway configured in the second data center is connected to a first subnet of the first data center, and is connected to a second subnet of the second data center. The first subnet and the second subnet have a same private network segment. The method includes: a layer 2 gateway receives a first address resolution protocol (ARP) request packet, which is used to request a MAC address of a second device in the second subnet, sent by a first device in the first subnet, and the gateway sends the first ARP reply packet, which carries a first MAC address of the gateway, to the first device.

Abstract: This application provides a communication method, a gateway, and a management method and apparatus. A first data center is configured to provide non-public cloud services, and a second data center is configured to provide public cloud services. A gateway configured in the second data center is connected to a first subnet of the first data center, and is connected to a second subnet of the second data center. The first subnet and the second subnet have a same private network segment. The method includes: a layer 2 gateway receives a first address resolution protocol (ARP) request packet, which is used to request a MAC address of a second device in the second subnet, sent by a first device in the first subnet, and the gateway sends the first ARP reply packet, which carries a first MAC address of the gateway, to the first device.

Abstract: In a VPLS network, a first PE in a VPN instance sends topology information and a bridging MAC address of the first PE to another PE in the VPN instance, receives and stores topology information and bridging MAC addresses from the another PE. The first PE further generates a CE MAC table in the VPN instance according to the stored topology information and bridging MAC addresses of the another PE; calculates a unicast minimal spanning tree by taking the first PE as a root, generates a unicast MAC table in the VPN instance according to the unicast minimal spanning tree. Each PE further selects one of the PEs in the VPN instance as a root bridge, calculates a broadcast minimal spanning tree by taking the root bridge as a root, and generates a broadcast MAC table in the VPN instance according to the broadcast minimal spanning tree.

Abstract: According to an example, in a network having a plurality of routing bridges (RBs), a first RB may assign, based on a NickName of each RB in a NickName routing table at a control plane, a unicast tunnel label taking the NickName as a forwarding equivalence class (FEC), and may establish a point to point (P2P) label switched path (LSP) tunnel between the first RB and other RBs in a network. In addition, the first RB may at least one of receive and transmit a packet through the established P2P LSP tunnel.

Abstract: A network device configures a unique ring number for each interface in a ring network and stores the ring number. The network device receives a RSVP confirmation packet from a next-hop network device, storing a route object record contained in the RSVP confirmation packet. The network device parses the route object record of the primary tunnel, searches for an end network device on the primary tunnel in the same ring network, sets the end network device as a destination network device of a protection tunnel of the network device, sets the network device as a start network device of the protection tunnel, and store path information of the protection tunnel. An interface of the end network device has the same ring number with an egress interface of the network device.

Abstract: A method is provided for a master apparatus of a Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) in a dual-homed node that is a part of a dual-homed network to implement a Layer 3 apparatus. The dual-homed network includes the dual-homed node and a Layer 2 MPLS-Transport Profile (MPLS-TP) network. The method includes monitoring a state of an uplink, when the monitoring detects that the uplink has a failure, notifying an original backup apparatus of the VRRP to perform a master-backup switch, and notifying a downlink apparatus of the master apparatus of the VRRP that a remote link has a failure, thereby causing the downlink apparatus to switch a working channel within the MPLS-TP network. The method includes, when a notification indicating that the master-backup switch has been performed is received from the original backup apparatus of the VRRP, switching to a backup apparatus of the VRRP.

Abstract: A control device may allocate a global label for a switch device based on a forwarding equivalent class (FEC), and issue the global label to the switch device. Subsequently, for a packet not carrying the global label, after matching the packet not carrying the global label with the FEC, the switch device may encapsulate the global label for the packet, and forward the packet. For a packet carrying the global label, the switch device may forward the packet carrying the global label by using a global label forwarding entry.

Abstract: In a VPLS network, a first PE in a VPN instance sends topology information and a bridging MAC address of the first PE to another PE in the VPN instance, receives and stores topology information and bridging MAC addresses from the another PE. The first PE further generates a CE MAC table in the VPN instance according to the stored topology information and bridging MAC addresses of the another PE; calculates a unicast minimal spanning tree by taking the first PE as a root, generates a unicast MAC table in the VPN instance according to the unicast minimal spanning tree. Each PE further selects one of the PEs in the VPN instance as a root bridge, calculates a broadcast minimal spanning tree by taking the root bridge as a root, and generates a broadcast MAC table in the VPN instance according to the broadcast minimal spanning tree.

Abstract: According to an example, in a network having a plurality of routing bridges (RBs), a first RB may assign, based on a NickName of each RB in a NickName routing table at a control plane, a unicast tunnel label taking the NickName as a forwarding equivalence class (FEC), and may establish a point to point (P2P) label switched path (LSP) tunnel between the first RB and other RBs in a network. In addition, the first RB may at least one of receive and transmit a packet through the established P2P LSP tunnel.

Abstract: Based on an example of the present disclosure, setup messages are exchanged between Provider Edge (PE) devices via a bidirectional tunnel. The setup messages carry Pseudo Wire (PW) parameters to create a PW in a layer 2 virtual private network.

Abstract: Examples of the present disclosure provide a dual-homing protection method and device. In the dual-homing protection method, a forwarding item synchronizing channel and a data transfer channel are established between two Provider Edge (PE) devices in a dual-homing node, a Pseudo Wire (PW) and a Label Switched Path (LSP) protection group bearing the PW are established between a network side peer PE device and the two PE devices in the dual-homing node, which are taken as a logical device, so as to implement LSP protection within a network. The present disclosure may enable the protection within a network to be independent of access link protection. Subsequently, the management is simple.

Abstract: A method is provided for a master apparatus of a Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) in a dual-homed node that is a part of a dual-homed network to implement a Layer 3 apparatus. The dual-homed network includes the dual-homed node and a Layer 2 MPLS-Transport Profile (MPLS-TP) network. The method includes monitoring a state of an uplink, when the monitoring detects that the uplink has a failure, notifying an original backup apparatus of the VRRP to perform a master-backup switch, and notifying a downlink apparatus of the master apparatus of the VRRP that a remote link has a failure, thereby causing the downlink apparatus to switch a working channel within the MPLS-TP network. The method includes, when a notification indicating that the master-backup switch has been performed is received from the original backup apparatus of the VRRP, switching to a backup apparatus of the VRRP.

Abstract: This invention discloses a method, apparatus, and system for packet transmission. The method for packet transmission includes: configuring the two logical interfaces of a bidirectional tunnel to operate in bridge mode; at the first logical interface of the two, encapsulating Layer 2 packets and the protocol type information in tunnel packets and transmitting the packets to the peer through the bidirectional tunnel; at the second logical interface of the two, transmitting the tunnel packets to the corresponding Layer 2 protocol stack for processing according to the protocol type information in the received tunnel packets. The present invention enables the logical interfaces of a bidirectional tunnel to operate as Layer 2 ports to transmit Layer 2 packets.

Abstract: Examples of the present disclosure provide a dual-homing protection method and device. In the dual-homing protection method, a forwarding item synchronizing channel and a data transfer channel are established between two Provider Edge (PE) devices in a dual-homing node, a Pseudo Wire (PW) and a Label Switched Path (LSP) protection group bearing the PW are established between a network side peer PE device and the two PE devices in the dual-homing node, which are taken as a logical device, so as to implement LSP protection within a network. The present disclosure may enable the protection within a network to be independent of access link protection. Subsequently, the management is simple.

Abstract: A fiber channel device comprising a processor to distribute and receive link constraint information on available links when there is a need to transmit data packets to a destination, and to establish a constraint-based routed label switch path (CRLSP) to transmit data packets to the destination.

Abstract: This invention discloses a method, apparatus, and system for packet transmission. The method for packet transmission includes: configuring the two logical interfaces of a bidirectional tunnel to operate in bridge mode; at the first logical interface of the two, encapsulating Layer 2 packets and the protocol type information in tunnel packets and transmitting the packets to the peer through the bidirectional tunnel; at the second logical interface of the two, transmitting the tunnel packets to the corresponding Layer 2 protocol stack for processing according to the protocol type information in the received tunnel packets. The present invention enables the logical interfaces of a bidirectional tunnel to operate as Layer 2 ports to transmit Layer 2 packets.