Abstract: Described are an encoding method and system for ROAs. The encoding method includes the following steps: given a set of authorized IP prefixes an AS which are maintained with an IP address trie. By specifying a sequence of hanging levels on the IP address trie, it is divided into a set of non-overlapping sub-trees, each rooted at a hanging level. A node on a hanging level uniquely defines a sub-tree rooted at it, whose prefix can be encoded as the identifier of this sub-tree. All authorized prefixes covered by a sub-tree can be encoded into a bitmap of 2h bits, where h is the height of this sub-tree. Thus, the set of authorized IP prefixes of an AS is encoded into several tuples (identifier, bitmap).

Abstract: A vaporizing device (10) includes a battery unit (12) having a battery (13), an electronic controller (20), and an induction coil (32) on or in a core, such as a ferrite split ring (34) or cup (62) magnetic core. A cartridge (14) holding liquid has at least one heater plate (46, 74) and a liquid conductor (48, 76). The cartridge (14) is attachable to the battery unit (12) with the heater plate (46, 74) adjacent to the core. The heater plate (46,74) heats the liquid conductor (48, 76) to create vapor when high frequency alternating electric current is provided to the induction coil (32). This offers manufacturing and cost advantages.

Abstract: A vaporizing device such as an electronic cigarette includes a housing (11) containing a battery (12) or other electrical power source electrically connected to a high frequency oscillation circuit (50). Two electrodes or electrode pads (56) with a liquid space (70) between them are electrically connected to the high frequency oscillation circuit (50). A liquid supply (34) in the C housing (11) provides a liquid into the liquid space (70). The high frequency oscillation circuit (50) is switched on by a manual switch or by a sensor (24) sensing inhalation by a user. The liquid is vaporized by dielectric heating.

Abstract: Various embodiments disclosed herein are related to an apparatus. In some embodiments, the apparatus includes a processor and a memory. In some embodiments, the memory includes instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the apparatus to collect, at a cloud server, service data from a collector framework service of an edge network. In some embodiments, the memory includes instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the apparatus to provide a configuration to the collector framework service based on the service data.

Abstract: A heat-not-burn device includes a heating assembly (300) having a battery (211) in a housing (201), with the battery (211) electrically connected to an electronic controller (212) and to a puff sensor (205) or a switch (206). The housing (201) has a receptacle (221) for receiving a smoking article (100). A plurality of induction coils (222) are electrically connected to the electronic controller (212), with the induction coils (222) longitudinally spaced apart along the receptacle (221). The smoking article (100) has a plurality of spaced apart conductive elements or plates (124) with smoking material (125), such as tobacco, between adjacent conductive elements or plates (124).

Abstract: An electronic cigarette includes an atomizer having a coil-less heating element having a heating section, two leads electrically connected to the heating section, and a liquid guiding structure. The liquid guiding structure includes two pads, a first pad and a second pad sandwiching at least a portion of the heating section. A gasket is positioned between a liquid supply and the first pad conducts liquid from the liquid supply to the first pad.

Abstract: An electronic cigarette includes an atomizer having a coil-less heating element having a heating section, two leads electrically connected to the heating section, and a liquid guiding structure. The liquid guiding structure includes two pads, a first pad and a second pad sandwiching at least a portion of the heating section. A gasket between a liquid supply and the first pad conducts liquid from the liquid supply to the first pad.

Abstract: A dynamic output power management unit for a heating circuit of an electronic smoking device includes a heating element connected to a power source via a first switching element. The unit has at least one voltage detection device to detect voltage values at various points of the heating circuit. A controller is configured to derive a resistance of the heating element, and estimate a discharge time or a power consumption value of the power source such that an energy converted in a period of time is substantially identical to a predetermined energy conversion value for a same period of time.

Abstract: Various embodiments disclosed herein are related to an apparatus. In some embodiments, the apparatus includes a processor and a memory. In some embodiments, the memory includes instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the apparatus to collect, at a cloud server, service data from a collector framework service of an edge network. In some embodiments, the memory includes instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the apparatus to provide a configuration to the collector framework service based on the service data.

Abstract: Various embodiments disclosed herein are related to a non-transitory computer readable storage medium. In some embodiments, the medium includes instructions stored thereon that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to detect, on a server, a first symptom observable on a first one or more clusters. In some embodiments, the first symptom is indicative of an issue. In some embodiments, the instructions cause the processor to trigger additional data collection by a plurality of edge processing units for the first one or more of clusters, detect, in a second one or more clusters within the first one or more clusters, a second symptom indicative of the issue, and generate a remediation action for a third one or more clusters having the first symptom and the second symptom. In some embodiments, the second one or more clusters include the third one or more clusters.

Abstract: A dynamic output power management unit for a heating circuit of an electronic smoking device is disclosed, the heating circuit having a heating element connected to a power source via a first switching element, the unit having at least one voltage detection device to detect voltage values at various points of the heating circuit; and a controller configured to deriving a resistance of the heating element, estimating a discharge time or a power consumption value of the power source such that an energy converted in a period of time is substantially identical to a predetermined energy conversion value for a same period of time.

Abstract: A functionalized polyurethane polymer is provided, the polymer defined by the formula where each R? is independently derived from a diisocyanate, where each R? represents the soft segment of the polymer, where n is the number of repeat units within the soft segment of the polymer, where m is the number of repeating mer units in the polymer, where each E is a pendant-functionalized amide unit chain extender, wherein the nitrogen atom of the amide group is part of the polymer backbone. A method for preparing the polymer is also provided.

Abstract: An electronic vaporizing device has an air flow tube passing through a liquid storage chamber (210). The air flow tube has a plurality of micro-openings (122). A thin film heating element (121) is provided on an inner wall of the air flow tube. A plurality of micro-openings in the thin film heating element (121) are aligned with the plurality of micro-openings in the airflow tube to provide a flow of liquid from the liquid storage chamber (210) to the thin film heating element (121).

Abstract: An atomization system for an electronic cigarette comprises a liquid ejection unit, which comprises a housing having a first end and a second end and a vaporization chamber; a vaporization element in the vaporization chamber; and an ejection plate proximal to the first end and comprising a plurality of micro-openings. An electronic cigarette comprises the atomization system disclosed herein. The atomization system may further comprise a liquid supply unit coupled with the ejection unit.

Abstract: An electronic cigarette includes an atomizer having a coil-less heating element having a heating section, two leads electrically connected to the heating section, and a liquid guiding structure. The liquid guiding structure includes two pads, a first pad and a second pad sandwiching at least a portion of the heating section. A gasket may be placed between a liquid supply and the first pad such that liquid is conducted from the liquid supply to the first pad.

Abstract: An electronic cigarette includes an atomizer having a coil-less heating element having a heating section, two leads electrically connected to the heating section, and a liquid guiding structure. The liquid guiding structure includes two pads, a first pad and a second pad sandwiching at least a portion of the heating section. A gasket may be placed between a liquid supply and the first pad such that liquid is conducted from the liquid supply to the first pad.

Abstract: A dynamic output power management unit for a heating circuit of an electronic smoking device is disclosed, the heating circuit having a heating element connected to a power source via a first switching element, the unit having at least one voltage detection device to detect voltage values at various points of the heating circuit; and a controller configured to deriving a resistance of the heating element, estimating a discharge time or a power consumption value of the power source such that an energy converted in a period of time is substantially identical to a predetermined energy conversion value for a same period of time.

Abstract: A functionalized polyurethane polymer is provided, the polymer defined by the formula where each R? is independently derived from a diisocyanate, where each R? represents the soft segment of the polymer, where n is the number of repeat units within the soft segment of the polymer, where m is the number of repeating mer units in the polymer, where each E is a pendant-functionalized amide unit chain extender, wherein the nitrogen atom of the amide group is part of the polymer backbone. A method for preparing the polymer is also provided.

Abstract: A functionalized polyurethane polymer is provided, the polymer defined by the formula where each R? is independently derived from a diisocyanate, where each R? represents the soft segment of the polymer, where n is the number of repeat units within the soft segment of the polymer, where m is the number of repeating mer units in the polymer, where each E is a pendant-functionalized amide unit chain extender, wherein the nitrogen atom of the amide group is part of the polymer backbone. A method for preparing the polymer is also provided.

Abstract: A dynamic output power management unit for a heating circuit (100) of an electronic smoking device is disclosed, the heating circuit (100) having a heating element (10) connected to a power source (20) via a first switching element (30), the unit having at least one voltage detection device to detect voltage values at various points of the heating circuit (100); and a controller (2) configured to deriving a resistance of the heating element (10), estimating a discharge time or a power consumption value of the power source (20) such that an energy converted in a period of time is substantially identical to a predetermined energy conversion value for a same period of time.