Abstract: The present invention provides a fusion protein comprising interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) and an extracellular matrix (ECM) binding peptide which specifically binds to one or more or all extracellular matrix proteins selected from the group consisting of fibrinogen, fibronectin, vitronectin, tenascin C and heparan sulfate and use of the fusion protein to treat conditions in which administration of IL-1Ra is beneficial or in which IL-1R1 signalling needs to be dampened, to enhance tissue regeneration, particularly bone regeneration and/or wound repair or for treating wounds, burns and muscle, cartilage, tendon and bone disorders, to enhance the regenerative activity of growth factor administration or to reduce inflammation or desensitisation of a cell to growth factor stimulation.