Abstract: A solid electrolyte separator sheet for a solid-state lithium-ion battery is provided. The solid electrolyte separator sheet may comprise a membrane including solid electrolyte particles, an ion conducting polymer electrolyte binder, and a filament-type binder comprising chopped nanofibers. The ion conducting polymer electrolyte may include in situ formed, polyethylene-oxide-like polymer electrolyte.

Abstract: A fuel cell includes a plurality of unit cells disposed in a stack. Each unit cell includes a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) having an anode and a cathode and a bipolar plate having a cathode side defining a recessed pocket in fluid communication with an air port, an anode side, and coolant channels between the cathode and anode sides. The bipolar plate is disposed against the MEA such that the cathode is disposed over the pocket. A flow guide is disposed in the pocket with a front side facing the MEA and a back side facing a bottom of the pocket. The flow guide has a plurality of embossments.

Abstract: This application discloses a signal generating method, apparatus, and system. One example method includes: performing cyclic electro-optic modulation on a first signal to generate a first optical frequency comb signal, where the first signal is a signal output by a laser source, the first optical frequency comb signal includes a target spectral component, and a frequency of the target spectral component is equal to a sum of or a difference between a frequency of the first signal and a frequency of a target signal; performing first filtering processing on the first optical frequency comb signal to generate the target spectral component; and generating the target signal based on a heterodyne beat frequency of the first signal and the target spectral component.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a secondary solid-state battery. This battery includes a current collector, comprising a poly 3,4-ethylenedioxythiphene polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT-PSS) layer, which is in direct areal contact with a negative electrode. The battery also includes a positive electrode and a solid electrolyte separator between the positive and negative electrodes. The PEDOT-PSS layer can compress and expand in response to the expansion and contraction of the negative electrode. In some embodiments, the current collector may include a carrier film onto which the PEDOT-PSS layer is coated. A cell stack of multiple assemblies further comprises the positive electrode, solid electrolyte separator, negative electrode, and current collector with some adjacent pairs separated by carbon fiber papers.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a secondary solid-state battery, with a current collector configuration that includes a metal foam sandwiched between two microporous carbon layers. The current collector directly interfaces with both the negative electrode and the solid electrolyte separator. Alternatively, the current collector can comprise an elastomer sandwiched between a pair of metal foil layers, enabling responsive expansion and contraction in accordance with the electrodes' changes during charge-discharge cycles. Another embodiment contemplates a carbon fiber paper current collector situated between two microporous layers.

Abstract: A fuel cell includes a plurality of unit cells disposed in a stack. Each unit cell includes a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) having an anode and a cathode and a bipolar plate having a cathode side defining a recessed pocket in fluid communication with an air port, an anode side, and coolant channels between the cathode and anode sides. The bipolar plate is disposed against the MEA such that the cathode is disposed over the pocket. A flow guide is disposed in the pocket with a front side facing the MEA and a back side facing a bottom of the pocket. The flow guide has a plurality of embossments.

Abstract: A fuel cell includes a plurality of unit cells disposed in a stack. Each unit cell includes a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) having an anode and a cathode and a bipolar plate having a cathode side defining a recessed pocket in fluid communication with an air port, an anode side, and coolant channels between the cathode and anode sides. The bipolar plate is disposed against the MEA such that the cathode is disposed over the pocket. A flow guide is disposed in the pocket with a front side facing the MEA and a back side facing a bottom of the pocket. The flow guide has a plurality of embossments.

Abstract: Various methods of making low-tortuosity electrodes are disclosed. In some embodiments, the low-tortuosity electrodes have a tortuosity of less than 2.0 or 1.4 and include battery-active material and solid electrolyte with the solid electrolyte having channels therein that are vertically aligned. A solid-state lithium-ion battery electrode is also disclosed.

Abstract: A bipolar plate for a fuel cell includes an anode plate and a cathode plate. The anode plate has hydrogen flow channels on a first side of the anode plate and coolant channels on a second side of the anode plate. The cathode plate has a first side disposed against the second side of the anode plate to cover the coolant channels and has a second side defining a recessed pocket configured to receive a stream of air. A flow guide is disposed in the pocket such that an inlet manifold is formed along a first edge of the flow guide and an outlet manifold is formed along a second edge of the flow guide. The flow guide defines channels extending from the inlet manifold to the outlet manifold. A plurality of openings is defined by through the flow guide.

Abstract: A single-ion polymer electrolyte has formula (I): R—[SO2N(M)SO2—X—]m—SO3Li (I). In formula (I), X may be an electron withdrawing group such as an aromatic group, substituted aromatic group, —(CF2)n—, —(CCl2)n—, —C6H4—, or —C6H3(NO2)—. R may be a fluorinated alkyl, LiSO3(CF2)3—, or an aromatic group, and M may be a metal cation. For the single-ion polymer electrolyte with formula (I), m may be an integer from 2 to 2000, and n may be an integer from 1 to 4.

Abstract: This application discloses a signal generating method, apparatus, and system. One example method includes: performing cyclic electro-optic modulation on a first signal to generate a first optical frequency comb signal, where the first signal is a signal output by a laser source, the first optical frequency comb signal includes a target spectral component, and a frequency of the target spectral component is equal to a sum of or a difference between a frequency of the first signal and a frequency of a target signal; performing first filtering processing on the first optical frequency comb signal to generate the target spectral component; and generating the target signal based on a heterodyne beat frequency of the first signal and the target spectral component.

Abstract: A solid polymer electrolyte having a reinforcing substrate, a polymer having ethylene oxide portions and hydrocarbon portions with pendent functional groups having high relative permittivity for an electrochemical cell is provided. The solid polymer electrolyte may provide good ionic conductivity at room temperature and good mechanical strength.

Abstract: A battery electrode material includes a composition of (A) a charge-conducting radical polymer, (B) poly[poly(ethylene oxide) methyl ether methacrylate] (PPEGMA); and (A) a lithium salt, the composition being a mixed ionic and electronic conductor with ionic conductivity at room temperature of at least about 10?4 S/cm and electronic conductivity of at least about 10?3 S/cm.

Abstract: A single-ion polymer electrolyte has formula (I): R—[SO2N(M)SO2—X—]m—SO3Li (I). In formula (I), X may be an electron withdrawing group such as an aromatic group, substituted aromatic group, —(CF2)n—, —(CCl2)n—, —C6H4—, or —C6H3(NO2)—. R may be a fluorinated alkyl, LiSO3(CF2)3—, or an aromatic group, and M may be a metal cation. For the single-ion polymer electrolyte with formula (I), m may be an integer from 2 to 2000, and n may be an integer from 1 to 4.

Abstract: Various embodiments are generally directed to techniques to detect fusible operators with machine learning, such as by evaluating a set of operators in a graph of a machine learning model to identify fusion candidates comprising subgraphs of the graph with two or more operators to combine, for instance. Some embodiments are particularly directed to utilizing a machine learning classifier to evaluate fusion candidates using a set of features of the fusion candidate.

Abstract: A polymer electrolyte includes an ionically conductive lithiated membrane including a single-ion polymer having a first lithiated perfluorosulfonic ionomer having a plurality of short side chains each including a short carbon chain of about 1 to 3 carbons, and a second lithiated perfluorosulfonic ionomer having a plurality long side chains each including a long carbon chain of about 4 to 7 carbons plasticized with the short side chains. The polymer electrolyte may further include a plasticizer.

Abstract: A bipolar plate for a fuel cell includes an anode plate and a cathode plate. The anode plate has hydrogen flow channels on a first side of the anode plate and coolant channels on a second side of the anode plate. The cathode plate has a first side disposed against the second side of the anode plate to cover the coolant channels and has a second side defining a recessed pocket configured to receive a stream of air. A flow guide is disposed in the pocket such that an inlet manifold is formed along a first edge of the flow guide and an outlet manifold is formed along a second edge of the flow guide. The flow guide defines channels extending from the inlet manifold to the outlet manifold. A plurality of openings is defined by through the flow guide.

Abstract: A fuel cell oxidation reduction reaction catalyst comprising a carbon substrate, an amorphous metal oxide intermediate layer on the substrate, and an intertwined matrix of platinum and elemental niobium arranged to form a surface metal layer covering the intermediate layer such that upon oxidation, the niobium binds with oxygen resulting in strengthened bonds between the platinum and the intermediate layer.

Abstract: A fuel cell oxidation reduction reaction catalyst includes a carbon powder substrate, an amorphous conductive metal oxide intermediate layer on the substrate, and a plurality of chained electrocatalyst particle strands bound to the layer to form an interconnected network film thereon having a thickness of up to 10 atom monolayers.

Abstract: A fuel cell assembly includes a fuel cell arrangement having first and second plates sandwiching a membrane electrode assembly. The arrangement defines first and second header regions that each include supply and return headers. The first plate defines coolant channels that extend between the header regions and connect to the return header in the first region. The second plate defines coolant channels that extend between the header regions and connect to the supply header in the first region.