Abstract: Dynamic puncturing in a wireless local area network (WLAN) supporting 320 MHz bandwidths is disclosed. In one example, a method includes a first station (STA1) transmitting a null data packet announcement (NDPA) frame including an indicator of an orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) subchannel puncturing over a wireless medium and subsequently transmitting a null data packet (NDP) having a U-SIG field specifying an OFDMA puncturing pattern. The NDPA may indicate that the subsequent NDP, which preferably occupies an 80 MHz channel, includes the OFDMA puncturing pattern in its U-SIG field. The method may further include transmitting a beamforming report poll (BFRP) soliciting measurement by the receiving station (STA2) on active resources, e.g., subchannels which have not been punctured.

Abstract: A sensing receiver may be configured for wireless local area network (WLAN) sensing, The sensing receiver may be configured to receive, from a sensing transmitter, a packet, perform measurements on the received packet, and prepare a sensing measurement report, which may comprise at least a measurement report control field and a measurement report field. A measurement type dependent parameters subfield of the measurement report control field may be based on a measurement type. The sensing receiver may be configured to send, to the sensing transmitter, the sensing measurement report. Contents of the measurement report field may be based on the measurement type. The measurement type may comprise at least one of: a channel state information (CSI) type, a channel impulse response (CIR) type, or a directional multi-gigabit (DMG)/enhanced DMG (EDM) type. The packet may be a null data packet (NDP) or a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU).

Abstract: A method performed by a first station (STA) may compromise: receiving, from an access point (AP) that has an established transmission opportunity (TXOP) with a second STA, a multi-user request-to-send (MU-RTS) transmission opportunity (TXOP) sharing (TXS) trigger frame, wherein the MU-RTS TXS trigger frame includes: (i) an indication that the AP is sharing the TXOP established with the second STA with the first STA, and (ii) an indication of a duration of the shared TXOP; and transmitting, in response to the MU-RTS TXS trigger frame, one or more uplink (UL) frames within the duration of the shared TXOP indicated by the MU-RTS TXS trigger frame.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described for interference awareness in wireless communication systems. A wireless station (STA) may detect an interference event comprising a transmission that will interfere or is interfering with a communication session of the STA with a second device, such as an access point (AP). The first device may transmit, to the second device, an identification of the interference event. The first device may receive, from the second device, a selection of an operation mode of a plurality of modes, transmitted responsive to receipt of the identification of the interference event. The first device may continue the communication session, with the second device, utilizing the selected operation mode.

Abstract: A method performed by a multi-multi-link device (MMLD) architecture comprising a plurality of access points (APs) may comprise transmitting a frame, by an AP of the MMLD, wherein the frame may include a multi-multi-link device (MMLD) frame element which indicates that the AP is part of a multi-link device (MLD) that is a MMLD. The frame may comprise a beacon, short beacon, probe response, fast initial link setup (FILS) discovery frame, association response frame, or the like, or any appropriate combination thereof. The MMLD element may comprise one or more of an element identifier, length, MMLD identifier, MMLD media access control (MAC) address, partial reporting field, number of reported MLDs field and/or an MLD info field. The MLD may communicate with other MLDs of the multiple MLDs during a transmit wake time (TWT) service period (SP). The MLD may be in a doze state during non-TWT SPs.

Abstract: A federated learning (FL) and/or a distributed machine learning (ML) model sharing process may be implemented in a wireless network. An access point (AP), station (STA), or the like may provide a FL announcement message indicating that a FL or ML process is in being utilized. A STA receiving the announcement message may provide a FL/ML support frame indicating its participation in FL model sharing. The STA may comprise a local FL model executable on the STA. The STA may update its local FL model based on information in the FL announcement message. The STA may update its local FL model based on information received from other STAs in the network. The FL announcement message may comprise a schedule, and the STA may be configured to train its local FL model in accordance with the schedule. The sharing model process may be implemented in a wireless local area network.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for Subchannel Selective Transmission (SST) in a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) are provided herein. A station (STA) may receive a trigger frame from an access point (AP). The trigger frame may indicate a range of association identifiers (AIDs) and/or subchannel information. The subchannel information may identify one or more secondary subchannels for an SST. The STA may determine that the AID of the STA is within the range of AIDs indicted in the trigger frame. The STA may send feedback to the AP that indicates that the STA will monitor one or more of the secondary subchannels. The STA may receive the SST from the AP on a secondary subchannel of the one or more secondary subchannels. The STA may send an acknowledgment (ACK) to the AP on the secondary subchannel in response to receipt of the SST.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are described herein for configuring multiple station (multi-STA) sensing-specific feedback. For example, a sensing initiator station (STA) may transmit, to first and second sensing responder STAs, a null data packet (NDP) announcement (NDPA) frame indicating one or more sensing feedback types that the first and second sensing responder STAs are to respond. The sensing initiator STA may transmit, to the first and second sensing responder STAs, an NDP frame. The sensing initiator STA may transmit, to the first and second sensing responder STAs, a trigger frame indicating one or more resources allocated for sensing measurement reports from the first and second sensing responder STAs. The sensing initiator STA may receive, from the first and second sensing responder STAs, using the one or more resources, the sensing measurement reports determined based on the one or more sensing feedback types.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for channel sounding reports may be used in wireless local area network (WLAN) systems. A station (STA) may receive, from an access point (AP), a beacon frame. The STA may receive, from the AP, a null data packet (NDP) announcement (NDPA) frame including an indication of subchannels for measuring channel characteristics. The STA may receive, from the AP, an NDP frame. The STA may transmit, to the AP, a feedback report frame including channel state information (CSI) feedback, wherein the CSI feedback is based on measurements that the STA performed on the received NDP frame using the indicated subchannels for measuring channel characteristics. The beacon frame may include indications of punctured subchannel(s) and subchannel(s) that is not punctured, which may be indicated as a disabled subchannel bitmap. The subchannels for measuring channel characteristics may be equal to or a subset of the subchannel(s) that is not punctured.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for Multi-AP channel sounding for Wireless Area Networks (WLAN) are disclosed. A method performed by a beamformee may compromise: receiving, from a beamformer, a null data packed (NDP) announcement frame (NDPA); receiving, from the beamformer, an NDP frame; receiving, from the beamformer, an enhanced beamforming request poll (BFRP) trigger frame including an indication of a feedback format; and transmitting, to the beamformer based on the NDP and NDPA, using a format indicated by the feedback format of the BFRP trigger frame, a feedback frame including a feedback report. The trigger frame may be an enhanced beamforming report poll (BFRP) trigger frame. The feedback report may be a beamforming report or a vector index (VI) feedback report. The beamformer may be an access point (AP) and the beamformee may be a station (STA).

Abstract: A method performed by a station (STA) associated with a first access point (AP), wherein the first AP is part of a multi-AP (MAP) set comprising the first AP and at least a second AP, may compromise: receiving, from the second AP that the STA is not associated with, a null data packet announcement (NDPA) frame, the NDPA frame including a Special STA Info field including an association identifier (AID) relating to the association between the STA and the first AP; receiving a null data packet (NDP) frame from the second AP that the STA is not associated with; and transmitting, to the first AP, feedback based on the NDP frame.

Abstract: A station (STA) that is associated with a first access point (AP), that is a member of a multi-AP set receives a trigger frame from a second AP that is also a member of the multi-AP set. The STA is not associated with the second AP. The trigger frame includes an association identifier (AID) relating to the association between the STA and the first AP, and an AP identifier (APID) of the first AP. The STA transmits a feedback message, to the second AP, including information indicative of a channel quality of a communication channel between the STA and the second AP. Various formats for a trigger frame to solicit feedback from an OBSS STA, are disclosed.

Abstract: A wireless station (STA) for parameterized spatial reuse (PSR) operation. The STA may receive, from a first access point (AP) that the STA is not associated with, a trigger frame. The trigger frame includes a signal (SIG) field that includes a PSR field. The PSR field includes a plurality of subfields each corresponding to a respective subchannel associated with the trigger frame. This information includes transmission power level information. The STA may then determine, for each subchannel, using the transmission power level information, transmission power upper bounds for each of the subchannels.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for power control for distributed wireless communication is disclosed including one or more power control loops associated with a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU). Each power control loop may include open loop power control or closed loop power control. A multi-phase power control method is also disclosed with each phase representing a different time interval and a WTRU sends transmissions at different power levels to different set of node-Bs or relay stations during different phases to optimize communications.

Abstract: Apparatuses, systems, and techniques are presented to generate one or more images. In at least one embodiment, one or more neural networks are used to generate one or more images based, at least in part, on one or noise values.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for power control for distributed wireless communication is disclosed including one or more power control loops associated with a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU). Each power control loop may include open loop power control or closed loop power control. A multi-phase power control method is also disclosed with each phase representing a different time interval and a WTRU sends transmissions at different power levels to different set of node-Bs or relay stations during different phases to optimize communications.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are described. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) includes a transceiver and a processor operatively coupled to the transceiver. The transceiver and the processor establish a connection with a first wireless network node and a second wireless network node. The transceiver and the processor also receive power configurations and timing advances from the first wireless network node independently of the second wireless network node. The transceiver and the processor also simultaneously receive downlink signals from both the first wireless network node and the second wireless network node. The downlink signals are independently scheduled by a scheduler of the first wireless network node and a scheduler of the second wireless network node.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of a BS in a wireless communication system is provided. The method and apparatus comprises: storing a set of beam codebooks including a plurality of angular grids each of which is identified as a first type of angular grid or a second type of angular grid; identifying a set of parameters to adjust an antenna beam pattern based on the set of beam codebooks, wherein the set of parameters includes at least one of feedback information received from a UE or a set of KPIs identified by the BS; determining a type of angular grid as the first type of angular grid or the second type of angular grid, wherein the first and second type of angular grids include a first antenna gain and a second antenna gain, respectively; and select, from the set of beam codebooks, a beam codebook corresponding to the antenna beam pattern.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods for managing electromagnetic field (EMF) radiation. A method includes determining one or more radiation power related parameters, the one or more radiation power related parameters including precoding vectors selected for transmission on a transmission time interval (TTI) basis, a transmit power, and resource block (RB) utilization. The method also includes estimating, based on the one or more radiation power related parameters, a time-averaged radiation power over a predefined time window in azimuth and elevation dimensions. The method also includes determining a direction of a maximum time-averaged radiation power among the estimated time-averaged radiation power; and adjusting one or more transmission parameters based on determining that the maximum time-averaged radiation power in the direction is higher than a threshold.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of a BS in a wireless communication system is provided. The method and apparatus comprises: storing a set of beam codebooks including a plurality of angular grids each of which is identified as a first type of angular grid or a second type of angular grid; identifying a set of parameters to adjust an antenna beam pattern based on the set of beam codebooks, wherein the set of parameters includes at least one of feedback information received from a UE or a set of KPIs identified by the BS; determining a type of angular grid as the first type of angular grid or the second type of angular grid, wherein the first and second type of angular grids include a first antenna gain and a second antenna gain, respectively; and select, from the set of beam codebooks, a beam codebook corresponding to the antenna beam pattern.