Abstract: The present invention relates to new methods for the purification of Fc-peptide fusion protein (peptibodies) derived from inclusion bodies after prokaryotic expression. In particular, it relates to chromatographic methods of the fusion peptides after refolding and dimerization comprising affinity capture, intermediate and polishing chromatographies. These methods facilitate the decrease of product-related impurities, such as sulfide variants or charge variants of the Fc-peptide fusion proteins in the final product. In addition, the present invention relates to specific conditions and selected buffers avoiding aggregation, precipitation, and degradation of the Fc-peptide fusion proteins. Finally, the methods of the present invention result in a formulated pharmaceutical composition or a pre-stage pharmaceutical composition containing an Fc-peptide fusion protein of high purity.

Abstract: A torque sensor can measure torque introduced into an upper shaft that is rotatable around a longitudinal axis and is connectable to a lower shaft via a torsion rod. A first component is connectable to the upper shaft, and a second component is connectable to the lower shaft. The components have surfaces that protrude in a longitudinal direction and at least partially overlap. A sensor coil that can generate a high-frequency alternating magnetic field is arranged on one of the surfaces of one component, and a metallic element is arranged on one of the surfaces of the other component. A torque introduced into the upper shaft causes a change in distance between the sensor coil and the metallic element. A device can measure a frequency change of the alternating magnetic field caused by the change in distance and determine the torque introduced into the upper shaft.

Abstract: A power supply unit for an electrical control device having a transformer with a primary coil that can be actuated by means of a switchable primary switch and at least one secondary coil. The primary coil and the at least one secondary coil are arranged on a common magnetic core. The secondary coil provides at least two outputs with controllable output voltages, and the secondary coil is assigned a switchable secondary switch for each of the at least two outputs. The power supply unit comprises a signal processing and calculation unit that is set up to actuate the primary switch and the secondary switches by means of pulse generators. The outputs may be switched sequentially to provide at least two controllable output voltages.

Abstract: A rotor position sensor for an electric motor of an electric power steering apparatus for assisting steering of a motor vehicle is configured to generate a sensor signal which represents the rotor position of the electric motor's rotor. The rotor position sensor has at least one sensor unit that generates electrical signals having different phases in accordance with rotation of a rotary shaft of the electric motor that is a sensing target, wherein the rotor position sensor includes two redundant sensor units wherein each of the sensor units includes tunnel magnetoresistive elements.

Abstract: A current mirror arrangement for duplex bidirectional communication between two circuit units may include in each circuit unit two identical transistors with their bases (36, 37) connected together and their bases and their collectors connected to each other respectively. Further, each of the connections between the bases and the collectors may be formed via a MOSFET. The MOSFETs of both circuit units may be connected together. More specifically, the MOSFETs' parasitic diodes of each circuit unit may be arranged in opposite directions with respect to the current system. The pair of MOSFETs in a first of the two circuit units may comprise n-channel enhancement-mode MOSFETs, and the pair of MOSFETs in a second of the two circuit units may comprise p-channel enhancement-mode MOSFETs.

Abstract: An electromechanical motor vehicle power steering mechanism may include an electric motor and a control unit. The electric motor may be configured to provide a steering assist force. The control unit may be configured to control a current to the electric motor. Further, the control unit may include two redundant power supply units. Each of the two redundant power supply units may be connected to a vehicle battery. Also, the two power supply units may each comprise a primary winding and a secondary winding as part of a flyback transformer with a shared iron core. The shared magnetic core may be E-shaped with a middle leg and two side legs. The primary winding and the secondary winding of one of the two redundant power supply units may be wound around a first of the two side legs.

Abstract: An electromechanical motor vehicle power steering mechanism may include an electric motor and a control unit. The electric motor may be configured to provide a steering assist force. The control unit may be configured to control a current to the electric motor. Further, the control unit may include two redundant power supply units. Each of the two redundant power supply units may be connected to a vehicle battery. Also, the two power supply units may each comprise a primary winding and a secondary winding as part of a flyback transformer with a shared iron core. The shared magnetic core may be E-shaped with a middle leg and two side legs. The primary winding and the secondary winding of one of the two redundant power supply units may be wound around a first of the two side legs.

Abstract: A current mirror arrangement for duplex bidirectional communication between two circuit units may include in each circuit unit two identical transistors with their bases (36, 37) connected together and their bases and their collectors connected to each other respectively. Further, each of the connections between the bases and the collectors may be formed via a MOSFET. The MOSFETs of both circuit units may be connected together. More specifically, the MOSFETs' parasitic diodes of each circuit unit may be arranged in opposite directions with respect to the current system. The pair of MOSFETs in a first of the two circuit units may comprise n-channel enhancement-mode MOSFETs, and the pair of MOSFETs in a second of the two circuit units may comprise p-channel enhancement-mode MOSFETs.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of safety cutoff of an electromechanical motor vehicle power steering, in which safety switches (26, 27, 28) are provided for electrical separation of a servomotor from a control system or a vehicle electrical system, wherein the following steps are provided: a) receiving a fault signal in a control system (30); b) sending a switch-off signal via control lines (31, 32, 33) to the safety switches (26, 27, 28); c) checking the electrical voltages present on the safety switches (26, 27, 28); d) deciding whether the switch-off signal on each safety switch (26, 27, 28) has led to switch-off; e) if the switch-off signal on one or more safety switches (26, 27, 28) has not led to switch-off, switching those safety switches (26, 27, 28) back on, which could not be switched off; f) repeating steps b) to e) until all safety switches have been switched off successfully (26, 27, 28).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of safety cutoff of an electromechanical motor vehicle power steering, in which safety switches (26, 27, 28) are provided for electrical separation of a servomotor from a control system or a vehicle electrical system, wherein the following steps are provided: a) receiving a fault signal in a control system (30); b) sending a switch-off signal via control lines (31, 32, 33) to the safety switches (26, 27, 28); c) checking the electrical voltages present on the safety switches (26, 27, 28); d) deciding whether the switch-off signal on each safety switch (26, 27, 28) has led to switch-off; e) if the switch-off signal on one or more safety switches (26, 27, 28) has not led to switch-off, switching those safety switches (26, 27, 28) back on, which could not be switched off; f) repeating steps b) to e) until all safety switches have been switched off successfully (26, 27, 28).

Abstract: A method and apparatus for balancing a statically unbalanced system, particularly useful in balancing X-ray and mammography systems having an X-ray source and detector mounted to a rotational arm, includes a linear actuator coupled to a drive mechanism which synchronizes the activation of the linear actuator with the rotation of the arm of the mammography system. The drive mechanism can include intermeshed gears, wheels or gears coupled together with a chain or belt, or other types of synchronizing drives. The balancing mechanism reduces the amount of force necessary to rotate the arm and decreases the overall weight of the system by eliminating the need for counterweights to maintain balance of the system.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for balancing a statically unbalanced system, particularly useful in balancing X-ray and mammography systems having an X-ray source and detector mounted to a rotational arm, includes a linear actuator coupled to a drive mechanism which synchronizes the activation of the linear actuator with the rotation of the arm of the mammography system. The drive mechanism can include intermeshed gears, wheels or gears coupled together with a chain or belt, or other types of synchronizing drives. The balancing mechanism reduces the amount of force necessary to rotate the arm and decreases the overall weight of the system by eliminating the need for counterweights to maintain balance of the system.