Abstract: There are provided a scalable method for mobility management applied to an IP-based network system including a plurality of routers and a plurality of servers, a part of which serve as a home routing manager (HRM), a part of which serve as local routing managers (LRM) for individual mobile nodes. The method at least comprises the steps of sending a first query about a routing address of a destination mobile node toward the HRM, based on an activation notification (AN) from an ingress access router (AR) of the plurality of routers, triggered by a source mobile mode, from an LRM receiving the activation notification; relaying the first query via one or more intermediate routing managers (IRM) closer to the HRM until the first query reaches the HRM; and in response to the first query, sending the routing address of the destination mobile node back to the ingress access router through the relay path from the HRM.

Abstract: Packet traffic profiling models are created based on packet headers of a packet flow at a first model aggregation level to obtain first flow information describing packet-oriented parameters of the flow. A machine learning algorithm (MLA) creates a first model based on the first information, determines if the first model achieves a first confidence level, and if not, defines multiple flow slices in the packet flow. Flow slices at a second higher model aggregation level are processed to obtain second flow information describing flow slice-oriented parameters of the packet flow, and an MLA creates a second model based on the second information to determine if the second model achieves a second confidence level. If so, the process completes; if not, further processing continues at a next level. One of the models is selected for profiling packet traffic flows.

Abstract: Hybrid packet traffic flow profiling technology inspects packet headers to classify packet traffic flows using clustering models developed using unsupervised learning based on known packet traffic flows and one or more traffic classification models developed using supervised learning based on the known packet traffic flows.

Abstract: A method for deploying a policy from a 3GPP core network to a non-3GPP access network. The policy relates to a connection established from a mobile terminal to the 3GPP core network via the non-3GPP access network. A local IP address acquired by the mobile terminal during establishment of the connection is received at the 3GPP core network. At the 3GPP core network, establishment of a policy control session is initiated from the 3GPP core network to the non-3GPP access network. The received local IP address is used to determine the non-3GPP access network used for the connection with reference to shared IP addressing information. At the 3GPP core network, the policy is provided to the non-3GPP access network using the policy control session established as a result of the policy control session initiation step. The policy is for deployment in the non-3GPP access network in relation to the established connection.

Abstract: There are provided a method, a network system, and a router capable of decreasing the chance of VRM or VLM changes so as to reduce signaling, and consequently contributing to better scalability. The method is applied to mobility management used in an IP-based network system, which contains a plurality of access routers (AR), location managers (LM) and routing managers (RM), through which a mobile node (MN) transmits and receives information. According to the method, a visited routing manager (VRM) where the MN is currently located monitors the MN, an AR currently communicating with the MN discriminates whether or not the MN is moving out of its connectivity range, and the VRM discriminates whether or not the MN is moving out of its control range. Then, the method switches mobility management over from the current AR to a new AR in accordance with the discrimination results, and switches mobility management over from the current VRM to a new VRM in accordance with the discrimination result.

Abstract: According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of routing traffic in a communications network employing Proxy Mobile IP, in which a traffic flow has been transferred from a first interface of a multi-homed mobile node, having a first IP address, to a second interface of the multi-homed mobile node, having a second IP address. The method comprises, at the mobile node and at a mobility anchor function, performing forward and reverse address translation between the first IP address and the second IP address.

Abstract: The system includes a mobile node (101) communicating with a correspondent node (102), a home agent node (131) managing the mobile node (101), a proxy node (121) being located closer to the mobile node (101) than the home agent node (131) and relaying the packets from the mobile node (101) to the home agent node (131), and a routing manager (141) managing a route of the packets. The proxy node (121) detects a trigger of a packet route optimization and notifies the routing manager (141). The proxy node (121) establishes the optimized routing path according to a command received from the routing manager (141) and routes the packets through the established routing path using a secure method.

Abstract: There are provided a scalable method for mobility management applied to an IP-based network system including a plurality of routers and a plurality of servers, a part of which serve as a home routing manager (HRM), a part of which serve as local routing managers (LRM) for individual mobile nodes. The method at least comprises the steps of sending a first query about a routing address of a destination mobile node toward the HRM, based on an activation notification (AN) from an ingress access router (AR) of the plurality of routers, triggered by a source mobile mode, from an LRM receiving the activation notification; relaying the first query via one or more intermediate routing managers (IRM) closer to the HRM until the first query reaches the HRM; and in response to the first query, sending the routing address of the destination mobile node back to the ingress access router through the relay path from the HRM.

Abstract: A method is provided of managing traffic in a network. The method comprises applying (S5) an indication to a packet being sent through the network, the indication being selected in dependence upon a level of traffic determined (S3) for a subscriber associated with the packet and representing a per-hop behaviour to be applied subsequently to the packet. The indication is applied so as to manage at least to some extent traffic associated with the subscriber.

Abstract: The system includes a mobile node (101) communicating with a correspondent node (102), a home agent node (131) managing the mobile node (101), a proxy node (121) being located closer to the mobile node (101) than the home agent node (131) and relaying the packets from the mobile node (101) to the home agent node (131), and a routing manager (141) managing a route of the packets. The proxy node (121) detects a trigger of a packet route optimization and notifies the routing manager (141). The proxy node (121) establishes the optimized routing path according to a command received from the routing manager (141) and routes the packets through the established routing path using a secure method.

Abstract: There are provided a method, a network system, and a router capable of decreasing the chance of VRM or VLM changes so as to reduce signaling, and consequently contributing to better scalability. The method is applied to mobility management used in an IP-based network system, which contains a plurality of access routers (AR), location managers (LM) and routing managers (RM), through which a mobile node (MN) transmits and receives information. According to the method, a visited routing manager (VRM) where the MN is currently located monitors the MN, an AR currently communicating with the MN discriminates whether or not the MN is moving out of its connectivity range, and the VRM discriminates whether or not the MN is moving out of its control range. Then, the method switches mobility management over from the current AR to a new AR in accordance with the discrimination results, and switches mobility management over from the current VRM to a new VRM in accordance with the discrimination result.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method, apparatus and system to preferably route a packet via an IP network, and more particularly to a routing entity having a buffer storing packets from/to a mobile entity. An initiation unit (500, 121) initiates a distribution of a routing topology change. A buffer unit (520) buffers a packet from/to the mobile entity (102) until the completion of the distribution. A release unit (502) releases the buffered packet after the completion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a location management system and a paging server in an Internet Protocol, IP, communication network that is adapted for wireless communication. The wireless IP network comprises multiple routers wherein at least one of the routers is an access router adapted for wireless communication with mobile nodes. The location management system is divided into at least one location area manager, and at least one regional location manager, the location area manager is a first signaling server and the regional location manager is a second signaling server, one of said location area manager and regional location manager comprises means for maintaining a list of mobile nodes located within at least one location area. The regional location manager comprises means for managing location information within a single location management region, and wherein the location area manager and regional location manager are connected to each other and adapted to exchange information.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system having a mobile host (1) which can attach to different access networks (3A, 3B) for carrying on an active communications session with a correspondent host (2). The mobile host (1) has an identifier (NAI) which is independent of the access network (3A, 3B) to which the mobile host (1) is attached, but is assigned a communication address(IP Address) for carrying on an active communications session with a correspondent host (2), which address changes for example depending on the access network (3A, 3B) to which the mobile host (1) is attached. The system has a database (UNS User Name Service) which registers the association of the mobile host identifier (NAI) and the current communications address (IP address) of the mobile host (1).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a location management system and a paging server in an Internet Protocol, IP, communication network that is adapted for wireless communication. The wireless IP network comprises multiple routers wherein at least one of the routers is an access router adapted for wireless communication with mobile nodes. The location management system is divided into at least one location area manager, and at least one regional location manager, the location area manager is a first signaling server and the regional location manager is a second signaling server, one of said location area manager and regional location manager comprises means for maintaining a list of mobile nodes located within at least one location area. The regional location manager comprises means for managing location information within a single location management region, and wherein the location area manager and regional location manager are connected to each other and adapted to exchange information.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a session control unit (16) for use in a communication network (11a) for providing wireless access to the Internet for mobile nodes (2). The communication network comprises one or several access routers (3) for wireless communication with mobile nodes and one or several anchor points (12a) for routing data packets to and/or from the mobile nodes via the access routers. The session control unit is arranged to allocate a session identifier to a mobile node (2) requesting access to the network, select an anchor point (12a) to route data packets to and/or from the mobile node, and communicate an IP-address associated with the selected anchor point to the access router communicating with the mobile node. The allocated session identifier is independent of the selected anchor point. The invention also relates to a method for providing session control to a communication network.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system having a mobile host (1) which can attach to different access networks (3A, 3B) for carrying on an active communications session with a correspondent host (2). The mobile host (1) has an identifier (NAI) which is independent of the access network (3A, 3B) to which the mobile host (1) is attached, but is assigned a communications address(IP Address) for carrying on an active communications session with a correspondent host (2), which address changes for example depending on the access network (3A, 3B) to which the mobile host (1) is attached. The system has a database (UNS User Name Service) which registers the association of the mobile host identifier (NAI) and the current communications address (IP address) of the mobile host (1).

Abstract: A switching node 3 for providing admission control in a network comprises a number of separate priority queues 6 for receiving packets having different priority levels. Priority levels 1 to n provide guaranteed delay services, priority levels n+1 to m provide guaranteed loss services, and priority level Pm+1 provides best effort service. Measuring means 51 to 5m continually measure the average bit rate entering each priority level buffer P1 to Pm, except the lowest Pm+1. When a request arrives with a kth priority level, the network capacities for priority levels l=k . . . Pm are calculated. For all choices of l, the measurements of traffic loads of levels l and higher are taken into account. These capacity requirements are necessary to guarantee the quality of service for all flows already admitted to the lower priority queues. These capacities are compared to the network capacity, and if there is sufficient capacity, the request is accepted. Otherwise, the request in rejected.

Abstract: Neighbour discovery in communications networks is made possible by a node sending beacon packets which include information regarding the node. The beacon packets are sent at pseudo-random time and on pseudo-random frequencies.

Abstract: In a wireless communications network connectivity information is communicated between nodes using beacon signals transmitted by the nodes of the network. A node scans for beacon signals, but does not engage in communication with another node in the network until data communication is required.