Abstract: A flow battery apparatus is provided with shunted currents repressed. The apparatus has a positive electrode device, a negative electrode device and a plurality of gas-gap devices. Gas-gap devices are separately set between branching channels and inlet and outlet manifolds of positive and negative electrodes. Each of the branching channels separately has an inserting tube to be inserted into one of the gas-gap devices. The diameter of the inserted vessel of gas-gap devices is bigger than the diameter of the inserting tube connected to a corresponding one of the branching channels. Thus, working liquids transferred to the positive and negative electrodes are segregated with coordination of the gas-gap devices. Only air spaces and discrete liquid drops are left between separated parts of the working liquids. Thus, shunted currents are repressed by preventing conductive paths from being formed between the positive and negative electrodes.

Abstract: A flow battery apparatus is provided with shunted currents repressed. The apparatus has a positive electrode device, a negative electrode device and a plurality of gas-gap devices. Gas-gap devices are separately set between branching channels and inlet and outlet manifolds of positive and negative electrodes. Each of the branching channels separately has an inserting tube to be inserted into one of the gas-gap devices. The diameter of the inserted vessel of gas-gap devices is bigger than the diameter of the inserting tube connected to a corresponding one of the branching channels. Thus, working liquids transferred to the positive and negative electrodes are segregated with coordination of the gas-gap devices. Only air spaces and discrete liquid drops are left between separated parts of the working liquids. Thus, shunted currents are repressed by preventing conductive paths from being formed between the positive and negative electrodes.

Abstract: A flow battery apparatus is provided with shunted currents repressed. The apparatus has a positive electrode device, a negative electrode device and a plurality of gas-gap devices. Gas-gap devices are separately set between branching channels and inlet and outlet manifolds of positive and negative electrodes. Each of the branching channels separately has an inserting tube to be inserted into one of the gas-gap devices. The diameter of the inserted vessel of gas-gap devices is bigger than the diameter of the inserting tube connected to a corresponding one of the branching channels. Thus, working liquids transferred to the positive and negative electrodes are segregated with coordination of the gas-gap devices. Only air spaces and discrete liquid drops are left between separated parts of the working liquids. Thus, shunted currents are repressed by preventing conductive paths from being formed between the positive and negative electrodes.

Abstract: Pipelines are used for charging and discharging power in a redox flow battery (RFB). Inner tube made of ion-exchange material is inserted into each of the pipelines. Conductive sleeves are installed on inside and outside the inner tube. Anode electrolyte and cathode electrolyte flow into corresponding ones of the pipelines of the inner tube. Thereby, wires connected with the conductive sleeves are extended out to be used as electrodes. On charging power, the anode electrolyte and the cathode electrolyte flow forwardly; yet, on discharging power, the anode electrolyte and the cathode electrolyte flow backwardly. Thus, the present invention uses pipelines to add or supplement function of charging/discharging power. Even when the RFB is damaged or failed, power is still charged/discharged for effectively improving or ensuring efficiency of the battery.

Abstract: A flow battery apparatus is provided with shunted currents repressed. The apparatus has a positive electrode device, a negative electrode device and a plurality of gas-gap devices. Gas-gap devices are separately set between branching channels and inlet and outlet manifolds of positive and negative electrodes. Each of the branching channels separately has an inserting tube to be inserted into one of the gas-gap devices. The diameter of the inserted vessel of gas-gap devices is bigger than the diameter of the inserting tube connected to a corresponding one of the branching channels. Thus, working liquids transferred to the positive and negative electrodes are segregated with coordination of the gas-gap devices. Only air spaces and discrete liquid drops are left between separated parts of the working liquids. Thus, shunted currents are repressed by preventing conductive paths from being formed between the positive and negative electrodes.

Abstract: Pipelines are used for charging and discharging power in a redox flow battery (RFB). Inner tube made of ion-exchange material is inserted into each of the pipelines. Conductive sleeves are put on inside and outside the inner tube. Anode and cathode electrolytes flow into corresponding ones of the pipelines of the inner tube. Thereby, wires connected with the conductive sleeves are extended out to be used as electrodes. On charging power, the solutions flow forwardly; yet, on discharging power, backwardly. Thus, the present invention uses pipelines to add or supplement function of charging/discharging power. Even when the RFB is damaged or failed, power is still charged/discharged for effectively improving or ensuring efficiency of the battery.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and apparatus for continuous coating with a rotational die in which coating materials flow in a radial direction. The linear speed of a substrate in need of coating is identical to the tangential speed of the surface of the rotational die so that the coating material, which flows in a radial direction of the rotational die, flows onto the substrate perpendicularly. Therefore, the ingredients of coating materials overlap one another (or stand vertically as a layer), and the vertical sequence of the coating material is ensured. This method and apparatus can be used to make organic electronic devices, organic light-emitting diodes and organic photovoltaic devices. Particularly, this method and apparatus can be used in bulk-hetero-junction of mixed coating of P-type and N-type semiconductors.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and apparatus for continuous coating with a rotational die in which coating materials flow in a radial direction. The linear speed of a substrate in need of coating is identical to the tangential speed of the surface of the rotational die so that the coating material, which flows in a radial direction of the rotational die, flows onto the substrate perpendicularly. Therefore, the ingredients of coating materials overlap one another (or stand vertically as a layer), and the vertical sequence of the coating material is ensured. This method and apparatus can be used to make organic electronic devices, organic light-emitting diodes and organic photovoltaic devices. Particularly, this method and apparatus can be used in bulk-hetero-junction of mixed coating of P-type and N-type semiconductors.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and apparatus for continuous coating with a rotational die in which coating materials flow in a radial direction. The linear speed of a substrate in need of coating is identical to the tangential speed of the surface of the rotational die so that the coating material, which flows in a radial direction of the rotational die, flows onto the substrate perpendicularly. Therefore, the ingredients of coating materials overlap one another (or stand vertically as a layer), and the vertical sequence of the coating material is ensured. This method and apparatus can be used to make organic electronic devices, organic light-emitting diodes and organic photovoltaic devices. Particularly, this method and apparatus can be used in bulk-hetero-junction of mixed coating of P-type and N-type semiconductors.