Abstract: A process for modifying a surface chemistry of a cathode active material includes providing a powder of the cathode active material, wetting the powder of cathode active material with an efficient amount of a solution to form a mixture, and baking the mixture to obtain a surface modified cathode active material, wherein: the cathode active material has a formula of LiNixMnyCo1-x-yO2, wherein 0?x?1, 0?y?1, and 0?x+y?1; the solution comprises a solvate and a solvent; and the solvate comprises H3BO3, H3PO4, a phosphate salt, a hydrogenphosphate salt, a dihydrogenphosphate salt, or a combination of any two or more thereof.

Abstract: An electrochemical device includes an anode containing a phosphorus-carbon composite including a conductive carbon matrix and nano-sized phosphorus particles, wherein the nano-sized phosphorus particles are uniformly dispersed on the surface and/or pores of the carbon matrix.

Abstract: An electrochemical device includes a cathode including elemental selenium, elemental sulfur, or selenium-sulfur containing composite; a negative electrode; a separator; and an electrolyte including a poly(alkyleneoxide) siloxane; and a salt; wherein a concentration of the salt in the electrolyte is sufficient to minimize dissolution of polysulfides/polyselenides formed during cycling of the device.

Abstract: Anodic materials for lithium ions batteries include a current collector and a superlattice disposed on at least a portion of the current collector, the superlattice comprising: alternating layers of an anode active material and an anode inactive material; and a plurality of channels that extend from the current collector through the alternating layers of anode active material and anode inactive material.

Abstract: A lithium or sodium battery includes a cathode containing manganese; an anode containing an active anode material; a separator; an electrolyte; and a transition metal ion sequestration agent; wherein the transition metal ion sequestration agent contains a micron or nano-sized inorganic compound and the transition metal ion sequestration agent is located at the anode, in the electrolyte, or any combination thereof.

Abstract: A lithium or sodium battery includes a cathode containing manganese; an anode containing an active anode material; a separator; an electrolyte; and a transition metal ion sequestration agent; wherein the transition metal ion sequestration agent contains a micron or nano-sized inorganic compound and the transition metal ion sequestration agent is located on and/or within the separator; on and/or within the anode; in the electrolyte; or any combination thereof.

Abstract: An electrochemical device includes an anode containing a phosphorus-carbon composite including a conductive carbon matrix and nano-sized phosphorus particles, wherein the nano-sized phosphorus particles are uniformly dispersed on the surface and/or pores of the carbon matrix.

Abstract: Anodic materials for lithium ions batteries include a current collector and a superlattice disposed on at least a portion of the current collector, the superlattice comprising: alternating layers of an anode active material and an anode inactive material; and a plurality of channels that extend from the current collector through the alternating layers of anode active material and anode inactive material.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell includes a cathode comprising a cathode active material; an anode comprising lithium metal (Li0); a separator; and an electrolyte comprising a lithium salt, an organic aprotic solvent, and a difluoroethylene carbonate which is: or a mixture of any two or more thereof.

Abstract: An electrochemical device includes an anode, a separator, a cathode comprising a selenium-doped sulfur/carbon composite that includes a conductive carbon matrix and nano-sized selenium-doped sulfur particles of formula SxSey, where a ratio of x:y is from 2.5 to 1000, and an electrolyte comprising a salt and a non-aqueous fluorinated ether solvent.

Abstract: A lithium ion battery includes a cathode having a voltage of greater than 4.1 V v. Li/Li+ and an aluminum or stainless steel current collector; an anode; a separator; and an electrolyte that includes a first salt that is a lithium sulfonylimide, a lithium sulfonate, or a mixture of any two or more thereof, and the first salt is present in the electrolyte from about 0.1 M to about 2 M; an aprotic solvent; and a second salt which suppresses corrosion of the aluminum or stainless steel current collector.

Abstract: A cathode active material includes NaxMO2 having at least a first phase, a second phase different from the first phase, and a third phase that is different from the first and second phases, wherein each phase is independently selected from Pm or On, where m and n are individually an integer, M is a transition metal or a mixture of transition metals, and x is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 1.

Abstract: An electrochemical device includes a cathode including elemental selenium, elemental sulfur, or selenium-sulfur containing composite; a negative electrode; a separator; and an electrolyte including a poly(alkyleneoxide) siloxane; and a salt; wherein a concentration of the salt in the electrolyte is sufficient to minimize dissolution of polysulfides/polyselenides formed during cycling of the device.

Abstract: An active cathode material containing particles with a core containing a lithium transition metal oxide, each core at least partially encapsulated by a layer including the lithium transition metal oxide and dopant cation; and an outer layer containing metal oxide; wherein the dopant cation is selected from the group consisting of Al, Ti, Sn, Mg, Zr, Cu, Fe, Ca, W, Ga, Sc, Y, La, Hf, V, In, Nb, Ta, and any combination of two or more thereof; and the dopant cation is present in an amount of 10 wt. % or less of the particle.

Abstract: A cathode active material includes NaxMO2 having at least a first phase, a second phase different from the first phase, and a third phase that is different from the first and second phases, wherein each phase is independently selected from Pm or On, where m and n are individually an integer, M is a transition metal or a mixture of transition metals, and x is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 1.

Abstract: An electrochemical device includes an anode, a separator, a cathode comprising a selenium-doped sulfur/carbon composite that includes a conductive carbon matrix and nano-sized selenium-doped sulfur particles of formula SxSey, where a ratio of x:y is from 2.5 to 1000, and an electrolyte comprising a salt and a non-aqueous fluorinated ether solvent.

Abstract: An active material for an electrochemical device wherein a surface of the active material is modified by a surface modification agent, wherein the surface modification agent is an organometallic compound.

Abstract: A lithium or sodium battery includes a cathode containing manganese; an anode containing an active anode material; a separator; an electrolyte; and a transition metal ion sequestration agent; wherein the transition metal ion sequestration agent contains a micron or nano-sized inorganic compound and the transition metal ion sequestration agent is located on and/or within the separator; on and/or within the anode; in the electrolyte; or any combination thereof.

Abstract: An electrochemical device includes an anode containing a phosphorus-carbon composite including a conductive carbon matrix and nano-sized phosphorus particles, wherein the nano-sized phosphorus particles are uniformly dispersed on the surface and/or pores of the carbon matrix.

Abstract: A lithium-air cell includes a negative electrode; an air positive electrode; and a non-aqueous electrolyte which includes an anion receptor that may be represented by one or more of the formulas.