Abstract: A waveguide includes a first double-ridge waveguide, a second double-ridge waveguide, and a polarization rotator. The first double-ridge waveguide provides a phase of an input electrical field rotated 0° or 90°. The second double-ridge outputs an electric field with a polarization that is perpendicular to a first polarization of the input electrical field. The polarization rotator is mounted between the first double-ridge waveguide and the second double-ridge waveguide and includes a frame, a dielectric layer, a first conducting pattern layer forming a first conductor and a second conductor, a first switch connected between the first conductor and the second conductor, a second conducting pattern layer forming a third conductor and a fourth conductor, and a second switch connected between the third conductor and the fourth conductor. Wherein a phase rotation of 90° or ?90° is provided by the polarization rotator based on a state of the first and second switch.

Abstract: A waveguide includes a first double-ridge waveguide, a second double-ridge waveguide, and a polarization rotator. The first double-ridge waveguide provides a phase of an input electrical field rotated 0° or 90°. The second double-ridge outputs an electric field with a polarization that is perpendicular to a first polarization of the input electrical field. The polarization rotator is mounted between the first double-ridge waveguide and the second double-ridge waveguide and includes a frame, a dielectric layer, a first conducting pattern layer forming a first conductor and a second conductor, a first switch connected between the first conductor and the second conductor, a second conducting pattern layer forming a third conductor and a fourth conductor, and a second switch connected between the third conductor and the fourth conductor. Wherein a phase rotation of 90° or ?90° is provided by the polarization rotator based on a state of the first and second switch.

Abstract: A multiple band phase shifter includes a first dielectric layer, a conductive layer, a second dielectric layer, and for each central operating frequency of a plurality of central operating frequencies, a switch, a plurality of vias, and a conducting pattern layer. Each via is formed of a conductive material that extends through the first dielectric layer, through a third dielectric material formed in and through the conductive layer, and through the second dielectric layer and is connected to a first throw arm or a second throw arm of the switch. The conducting pattern layer includes conductors electrically connected to a distinct via. An electric polarization of a reflected electromagnetic wave is rotated by 90 degrees when the switch is positioned in the first conducting position and the electric polarization of the reflected electromagnetic wave is rotated by ?90 degrees when the switch is positioned in the second conducting position.

Abstract: A multiple band phase shifter includes a first dielectric layer, a conductive layer, a second dielectric layer, and for each central operating frequency of a plurality of central operating frequencies, a switch, a plurality of vias, and a conducting pattern layer. Each via is formed of a conductive material that extends through the first dielectric layer, through a third dielectric material formed in and through the conductive layer, and through the second dielectric layer and is connected to a first throw arm or a second throw arm of the switch. The conducting pattern layer includes conductors electrically connected to a distinct via. An electric polarization of a reflected electromagnetic wave is rotated by 90 degrees when the switch is positioned in the first conducting position and the electric polarization of the reflected electromagnetic wave is rotated by ?90 degrees when the switch is positioned in the second conducting position.