Abstract: A bi-directional clip. The clip includes a generally planar member having an edge and fastener for securing the planar member to a portable wearing device. An elongated slot extends through the planar member from the edge to form a pair of clip members.

Abstract: A transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) apparatus includes first, second, and third oscillators. The first oscillator produces a first train of pulses at a main frequency. The second oscillator produces a second train of pulses at a modulation frequency. Output levels of the second train of pulses vary as a function of the modulation frequency. A frequency control simultaneously controls both the main and modulation frequencies. The third oscillator is responsive to the first and second oscillators and produces a third train of pulses at the main frequency. Intensity and frequency of the pulses of the third pulse train are modulated as a function of the output levels of the second train of pulses. An output driver responsive to the third oscillator converts the third train of pulses into a train of stimulation pulses having electrical characteristics adapted to be applied to a human body to suppress pain.

Abstract: A transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) apparatus includes first, second, and third oscillators. The first oscillator produces a first train of pulses at a main frequency. The second oscillator produces a second train of pulses at a modulation frequency. Output levels of the second train of pulses vary as a function of the modulation frequency. A frequency control simultaneously controls both the main and modulation frequencies. The third oscillator is responsive to the first and second oscillators and produces a third train of pulses at the main frequency. Intensity and frequency of the pulses of the third pulse train are modulated as a function of the output levels of the second train of pulses. An output driver responsive to the third oscillator converts the third train of pulses into a train of stimulation pulses having electrical characteristics adapted to be applied to a human body to suppress pain.

Abstract: A method for fabricating an integral disposal electrode for establishing a low impedance electrical connection to a patient's skin. A web of flexible electrically nonconductive adhesive tape, a web of flexible electrically conductive sheet material, a web of flexible biocompatible electrically conductive adhesive polymer material, and a web of nonadhesive protective material are provided and laminated together to form a composite web. The web of adhesive polymer material has a width at least essentially equal to a width of the conductive sheet material web, and less than a width of the nonconductive adhesive tape web. Electrical terminals are attached to the web of conductive sheet material at spaced longitudinal locations. Individual electrodes are formed by severing the laminated composite web in a transverse direction at positions between adjacent spaced electrical terminals.

Abstract: A transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation apparatus having stimulus electrical pulses modulated in time and intensity to stimulate afferent nerves and cause the release of endogenous opiates which suppress pain. An astable pulse generator provides a first train of pulses at a selected repetition rate. A monostable pulse generator connected to receive the first train of pulses supplies a second pulse train having the frequency of the first train. The width of the pulses of the first train is varied over a predetermined range. A second monostable pulse generator connected to pulse amplifiers receives the first and second train of pulses and provides a supply pulse to the patient. Adjustable pulse modulators connected to the second pulse generators function to simultaneously increase the repetition rate of the first train of pulses and decrease the second train of pulses.

Abstract: A transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation apparatus having stimulus electrical pulses modulated in time and intensity to stimulate afferent nerves and cause the release of endogenous opiates which suppress pain. An astable pulse generator provides a first train of pulses at a selected repetition rate. A monostable pulse generator connected to receive the first train of pulses supplies a second pulse train having the frequency of the first train. The width of the pulses of the first train is varied over a predetermined range. A second monostable pulse generator connected to pulse amplifiers receives the first and second train of pulses and provides a supply pulse to the patient. Adjustable pulse modulators connected to the second pulse generators function to simultaneously increase the repetition rate of the first train of pulses and decrease the second train of pulses.

Abstract: A transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation apparatus having stimulus electrical pulses modulated in time and intensity to stimulate afferent and efferent nerves and cause the release of endogenous opiates which suppress pain. An astable pulse generator provides a first train of pulses at a selected repetition rate. A monostable pulse generator connected to receive the first train of pulses supplies a second pulse train having the frequency of the first train. The width of the pulses of the first train is varied over a predetermined range. A second monostable pulse generator connected to pulse amplifiers receives the first and second train of pulses and provides a supply pulse to the patient.