Abstract: A sample for an electrophoresis device is provided which converts from a liquid to a gel upon contact with the running buffer of an electrophoresis device. The sample preparations of this invention permit improved electrophoresis resolution, image sharpness, and efficiencies of cost, time and space. The sample is prepared by combining a macromolecule of interest, a solvent, and a solute, in proportions to form a liquid which is readily converted to a gel. The sample gels can be used in multiple tray or column electrophoresis devices.

Abstract: A liquid composition comprising a colloidal suspension of a biomolecule-binding matrix material (preferably nitrocellulose) dispersed in a liquid, with particles of the matrix material being of a defined particle size, and replicate copies of a biomolecule, e.g., protein or nucleic acid probes, which are distributed, preferably uniformly, throughout the colloidal suspension and are bound to the matrix material particles, is disclosed. The liquid composition of the invention can be used directly for sample analysis or preparation of biomolecules, or aliquots of the composition can be spotted onto a support to form a microporous matrix system or microarray for analysis or preparation of biomolecules. Compositions and microarrays according to the invention are useful in any type of analytical or preparative procedure relating to biomolecules. They are particularly useful, e.g.

Abstract: An improved electrophoresis device includes first and second end reservoirs of buffer, and a separation tank between the end reservoirs. The separation tank fluidically interconnects the reservoirs and is configured to hold a stack of gel trays in an oriented electric field and covered by the buffer solution. At least one gas-driven fluid recirculation passage distinct from the separation tank drives buffer in one direction between the reservoirs, and stabilizes the buffer below the level of the trays, while stabilized buffer completes circulation between the stack of trays without thermal or chemical upset of the electrophoresis conditions over time. The device may have the same footprint as a conventional single-tray vessel, while having increased capacity for performing electrophoresis operations.

Abstract: An electrophoresis device includes first and second end reservoirs of buffer, and a separation tank between the end reservoirs. The separation tank fluidically interconnects the reservoirs and is configured to hold a stack of gel trays in an oriented electric field and covered by the buffer solution. At least one gas-driven fluid recirculation passage distinct from the separation tank drives buffer in one direction between the reservoirs, and stabilizes the buffer below the level of the trays, while stabilized buffer is free to complete its circulation between plural ones of the stacked trays without thermal or chemical upset of the electrophoresis conditions over time. The recirculation assembly may include a hood positioned to capture gas bubbles evolved at one electrode, and a transfer passage that extends between the two ends from a position toward the top of the hood, so that bubbles of gas drive buffer fluid along the transfer passage.