Metal casting method and apparatus, and metal material manufacturing method and apparatus

Abstract

A casting method includes the steps of cooling a molten metal to form a metal slurry containing a solid phase, cooling the metal slurry to form a solid metal material and heating the metal material to a semi-melted metal material and supplying it into a mold. A casting apparatus includes a first device for cooling a molten metal to form a metal slurry containing a solid phase and a second device for cooling the metal slurry to form a solid metal material. The metal material is then heated to a semi-melted state and the resultant metal material is poured into a mold. A method for manufacturing a metal material being heated to a semi-melted state and then supplied into a mold, includes the steps of cooling a molten metal to form a metal slurry containing a solid phase and cooling the metal slurry to form a solid metal material. An apparatus for manufacturing a metal material being heated to a semi-melted state and then supplied into a mold, includes a first device for cooling a molten metal to form a metal slurry containing a solid phase and a second device for cooling the slurry to form a solid metal material.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0001] 1. Field of the Invention

[0002] This invention relates to a method and apparatus for casting metals including alloys and to a method and apparatus of manufacturing metal materials using a casting apparatus or injection molding machine, and more particularly, this invention relates to a metal casting method and apparatus and a metal material manufacturing method and apparatus, wherein semi-melted and semi-solid metal thixotropy is effectively utilized for each method and apparatus.

[0003] 2. Description of the Prior Art

[0004] Thixo-casting (semi-melted casting) and rheocasting (semi-solid casting) are known as casting methods utilizing thixotropy, or low viscosity and high fluidity, of a semi-melted and semi-solid metal. These casting methods are implemented by using a semi-melted and semi-solid metal slurry containing a mixture of liquid-phase metal and solid-phase metal.

[0005] In thixo-casing, a solid metal is heated to form a semi-melted metal slurry and the slurry is then supplied into a mold. In rheocasting, after a solid metal is perfectly melted, the molten metal is cooled to form a semi-solid slurry containing granular crystals and the slurry is then poured into a mold.

[0006] In the two casting methods, mold filling is improved because it is possible to conduct casting using a metal exhibiting a high solid-phase ratio and low viscosity. These methods further have the advantages of enabling (1) a higher yield, (2) molding of large-sized products, (3) suppression of shrinkage cavity formation and improvement in mechanical strength, and (4) molding of thinner products. In addition, the service life of a mold is prolonged owing to a decreased heat load on the mold.

[0007] In the above casting procedures, it is necessary that ultrafine, uniform non-dendrite crystals (desirably spherical crystals) exist in a semi-melted semi-solid metal in order to effectively utilize the thixotropy of a semi-melted metal and the fluidity of a semi-solid metal. However, if the solid metal is simply heated to a semi-melted state or the melted metal is simply cooled to a semi-solid state, almost all metal crystals become dendrite crystals in the semi-melted and semi-solid metal. For this reason, it is impossible to attain sufficient thixotropy of the semi-melted metal and sufficient fluidity of the semi-solid metal.

[0008] Therefore, in thixo-molding, a screw extruder is generally used in an injection-molding machine, and a solid metal in the extruder barrel is successively heated while applying a shearing force to the metal to obtain a semi-melted state metal slurry.

[0009] However, since a screw extruder is complicated in structure and expensive, the cost to establish casting equipment having the screw extruder is very high. Moreover, since the metal slurry produced in the extruder barrel is supplied directly into a mold, it is impossible to confirm whether or not the metal crystals have become complete non-dendrite crystals. Furthermore, it is necessary to use molded metal chips as a solid metal to be supplied into the barrel, making the material cost very expensive.

[0010] In rheocasting disclosed in JP-A-HEI 10-34307, for example, a molten metal is subjected to refrigeration in a holding furnace by contact with a cooling body to obtain a half-melted metal in which a solid phase and a liquid phase coexist. The half-melted metal is further cooled in a holding vessel while maintaining the coexisting state, thereby forming a metal slurry.

[0011] In the prior art rheocasting, the molten metal yields many crystal nuclei when it undergoes refrigeration. The crystals become spherical in the vessel, and a desired metal slurry can be produced without use of an expensive extruder generally used in thixo-casting. Moreover, the material cost increase can be controlled, as a metal ingot can be charged into the holding furnace as it is. In addition, since it is easy to confirm whether or not the metal slurry has non-dendrite crystals, a casting procedure effectively utilizing the fluidity of semi-solid metal can be implemented.

[0012] However, when a real mass production system is constructed by the rheocasting, a large number of holding vessels must be installed between the cooling body and the mold to hold the metal slurry. At the same time, the process that refrigerates the molten metal and the process that supplies the metal slurry into the mold need to be linked by using the large number of holding vessels, thus requiring extremely complicated control. Moreover, it is necessary to accurately control the temperature of the metal slurry in the holding vessels before pouring the slurry into the mold, making the control even more complicated.

[0013] In view of the above problems, the present invention has been accomplished, and one object thereof is to provide a metal casting method and apparatus and a metal material manufacturing method and apparatus that can reduce their operation costs and material costs and effectively utilize thixotropy without need of complicated control.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0014] To attain the above object, the present invention provides a casting method comprising a first step of cooling a molten metal to form a metal slurry containing a solid phase, a second step of cooling the metal slurry to form a solid metal material, and a third step of heating the metal material to a semi-melted metal material and supplying it into a mold. In this method, the second step preferably includes continuously forming metal materials from the metal slurry and cutting the metal materials to a predetermined length.

[0015] This invention further provides a casting apparatus comprising first means for cooling a molten metal to form a metal slurry containing a solid phase and second means for cooling the metal slurry to form a solid metal material. The metal material is then heated to a semi-melted state and the resultant metal material is poured into a mold. In this apparatus, the second means preferably forms metal materials continuously from the metal slurry and includes a cutting unit for cutting the metal materials to a predetermined length. Moreover, the cutting unit can preferably move along the advancing direction of the metal material and cut the metal material when its velocity relative to the metal material becomes zero.

[0016] This invention further provide a metal material manufacturing method that produces a metal material being heated to a semi-melted state and then supplied into a mold and comprises a first step of cooling a molten metal to form a metal slurry containing a solid phase and a second step of cooling the metal slurry to form a solid metal material. In this method, the second step preferably includes continuously solidifying the metal slurry into solid metal materials and cutting the metal materials to a predetermined length.

[0017] This invention further provides a metal material manufacturing apparatus that produces a metal material being heated to a semi-melted state and then supplied into a mold and comprises first means for cooling a molten metal to form a metal slurry containing a solid phase and second means for cooling the slurry to form a solid metal material. In this apparatus, the second means can preferably solidify the metal slurry continuously into solid metal materials and includes a cutting unit for cutting the solid metal materials to a predetermined length.

[0018] It has been found that when a metal slurry containing non-dendrite crystals is cooled rapidly into a solid metal material, thixotropy is potentially maintained in the solid metal material and that when the solid material is heated into a metal slurry in a semi-melted state again, the metal slurry exhibits thixotropic properties. Therefore, a metal slurry excelling in fluidity and containing non-dendrite crystals can easily be produced, without need of complicated control, by rapidly cooling a molten metal into a metal slurry containing non-dendrite crystals in the first step, cooling the slurry into a solid metal material in the second step, and heating the metal material into a semi-melted state. The metal slurry thus produced can be supplied into a mold.

[0019] The above and other objects, advantages and features of the invention will become apparent from the accompanying drawings and following detailed description of the embodiment.

BRIEF EXPLANATION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] FIG. 1 is a schematic cross section showing one embodiment of a casting apparatus according to this invention.

[0021] FIG. 2(a) is a vertical cross section showing first means of the casting apparatus of FIG. 1 for cooling a molten metal to form a metal slurry.

[0022] FIG. 2(b) is a lateral cross section showing the first means of FIG. 2(a).

[0023] FIG. 3(a) is a cross section showing second means of the casting apparatus of FIG. 1 for producing a metal material from the metal slurry.

[0024] FIG. 3(b) is an enlarged cross section taken along line 3-3 of FIG. 3(a).

[0025] FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross section taken along line 4-4 in the FIG. 1.

[0026] FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a sequence of processes for cutting a metal material with a cutting unit of the casting apparatus of FIG. 1.

[0027] FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a sequence of processes for supplying metal materials into a mold of the casting apparatus of FIG. 1.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

[0028] As a result of inventors' earnest researches and studies to solve the above problems, it has been confirmed that when a metal slurry containing non-dendrite crystals is cooled rapidly, thixotropy is potentially maintained after the metal slurry is solidified into a metal material and that if the metal material is heated to the semi-melted state again, the semi-melted metal material exhibits thixotropic properties for about one hour. This invention has been perfected by utilizing the characteristics of a metal slurry containing non-dendrite crystals that a solid metal material into which the metal slurry is heated and which is heated to a semi-melted state can show thixotropy.

[0029] This invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 shows one embodiment of a casting apparatus according to the invention. This casting apparatus is for casting desired products using magnesium alloy (AZ91D) and has a melting pot 1.

[0030] The melting pot 1 is covered at its periphery and heated by a melting heater 2 to hold the magnesium alloy in a melted condition or liquid-phase temperature state. The melting pot 1 has at its bottom a gate 3 for a molten material. The gate 3 is for pouring downward molten magnesium alloy stored in the melting pot 1. The gate 3 is bent like a crank and has a switching valve 4 in the middle. The switching valve 4 has a sidable valve plunger 5 to open and shut the gate 3 and a valve cylinder 6 to slide the valve plunger 5.

[0031] As first means for producing a metal slurry containing a solid phase, a cooling unit 10 is placed near the lower area of the melting pot 1. As shown in FIGS. 2(a) and 2(b), the cooling unit 10 has a plurality of guide recesses 11 formed on its surface and a cooling water circulating passage 12 therein. The cooling unit 10 is inclined so the guide recesses 11 face the lower open end of the gate 3. Reference number 13 in FIG. 1 represents a cover block that communicates with the lower open end of the gate 3 and has a predetermined space between it and the surface of the cooling unit 10.

[0032] As second means for cooling the metal slurry into a solid metal material, a reservoir 20 having a rapid cooling unit 22, a pair of feed rollers 30 and 31 and a cutting unit 40 are set in the casting apparatus.

[0033] The reservoir 20 is open at its top and is set in position below the cooling unit 10. A material forming passage 21 has a circular section and is attached to the reservoir 20. The material forming passage 21 is located at the lower part of the reservoir 20, extends horizontally and is open to the side wall of the reservoir 20. The rapid cooling unit 22 is set at the end of the passage 21. As shown in FIG. 3(a), the rapid cooling unit 22 comprises a ring jacket 23 surrounding the passage 21 and a spouting nozzle 24 open toward the axial center of the ring jacket 23.

[0034] The feed rollers 30 and 31 are aligned in parallel, one above the other, and have feed recesses 30a and 31a, respectively. These feed recesses have substantially the same radius of curvature as the inside diameter of the material forming passage 21. The distance between the feed recesses 30a and 31a is maintained equal to the inside diameter of the passage 21. Each feed roller is coupled with a rotary actuator (not shown) so that the top feed roller 30 rotates clockwise while the bottom feed roller 31 rotates counterclockwise, as shown in FIG. 3(a).

[0035] As shown in FIG. 1, the cutting unit 40 comprises a main body 41, a fixed damper 42A, a movable damper 42B and a pair of feed-out rollers 44 and 45.

[0036] The main body 41 of the cutting unit 40 is movably held by a guide rod 46 and reciprocates horizontally along the axial direction of the material forming passage 21 on an extension area of the passage 21. A retraction cylinder 47 is placed between the main body 41 and a fixed frame F. The retraction cylinder 47 serves as an actuator for allowing the main body 41 to move when an external force acts on the main body 41 in the direction away from the reservoir 20 and causing the main body 41 to return back to a position near the reservoir 20 when the retraction cylinder 47 is operated to extend.

[0037] As shown in FIG. 3(b), the fixed damper 42A and movable damper 42B are block members having clamp through-holes 49A and 49B that are made open by slits 48A and 48B. The clamp through-holes 49A and 49B are formed to have a slightly larger inside diameter than the material forming passage 21. The slits 48A and 48B are formed along a plane containing the axis of the damp through-holes 49A and 49B and adapted to increase or decrease the diameters of the clamp through-holes 49A and 49B by changing the widths of the slits. Tapered surfaces 50A and 50B are located at the open ends of the slits 48A and 48B, and rod through-holes 51A and 51B intersect the slits 48A and 48B at positions midway of the slits. The tapered surfaces 50A and 50B are inclined so that their widths increase gradually toward the outside. The rod through-holes 51A and 51B are parallel to each other and have hemispheric dent portions 52A and 52B at their respective open ends.

[0038] Clamping hydraulic cylinders 53A and 53B and unclamping hydraulic cylinders 54A and 54B are set on the dampers 42A and 42B.

[0039] The clamping hydraulic cylinders 53A and 53B have piston rods 53aA and 53aB inserted via clamp pieces 55 into the rod through-holes 51A and 51B and held by the dampers 42A and 42B because clamp pieces 56 are attached to the dent portions 52A and 52B at the ends of the piston rods 53aA and 53aB. The clamp pieces 55 and 56 have spherical parts facing and conforming in radius to the dent portions 52A and 52B of the rod through-holes 5lA and 51B. These clamp pieces can reduce the widths of the slits 48A and 48B of the dampers 42A and 42B via the dent portions 52A and 52B when hydraulic pressure is applied to the hydraulic cylinders 53A and 53B. As a result, the diameters of the clamp through-holes 49A and 49B can be made smaller.

[0040] The unclamping cylinders 54A and 54B, with the pointed ends of piston rods 54aA and 54aB opposing the open ends of the slits 48A and 48B, are held by the dampers 42A and 42B via a holding bracket 57. An expansion rod 58 is located between the piston rods 54aA and 54aB of the unclamping hydraulic cylinders 54A and 54B and the tapered surfaces 50A and 50B of the slits 48A and 48B. The expansion rod 58 is a columnar part attached to the tapered surfaces 50A ad 50B. When the unclamping hydraulic cylinders 54A and 54B receive unclamping hydraulic pressure, the expansion rod 58 spreads the slits 48A and 48B of the dampers 42A and 42B via the tapered surfaces 50A and 50B, or increases the diameter of the clamp through-holes 49A and 49B.

[0041] The fixed damper 42A adjusts the axis of the clamp through-hole 49A to coincide with the axis of the material forming passage 21 and is fixed onto the main body 41 of the cutting unit 40 along the vertical above part of the slit 48A.

[0042] On the other hand, the movable damper 42B is set on a cutting cylinder 59 along the vertical below part of the slit 48B so that its end facing the reservoir 20 abuts on the fixed damper 42A.

[0043] The cutting cylinder 59 and its cylinder body 59b are set on the main body 41 of the cutting unit 40 so that its piston rod 59a is directed vertically downward, and moves the movable damper 42B in a vertical direction relative to the fixed damper 42A. When the cutting cylinder 59 retracts to its maximum position, the movable damper 42B stops at its uppermost position so that the axis of the clamp through-hole 49B coincides with the axis of the material forming passage 21 or so that the clamp through-hole 49B coincides with the clamp through-hole 49A of the fixed damper 42A. Conversely, when the cutting cylinder 59 extends to its maximum position, the movable damper 42B descends to its extreme position and stops at a position where the clamp through-hole 49B deviates completely from the clamp through-hole 49A of the fixed damper 42A.

[0044] The feed-out rollers 44 and 45 are set parallel to each other, one above the other, on a roller bracket 60 extending from the movable damper 42B. The feed-out rollers 44 and 45 have feed-out recesses 44a and 45a on their circumferences, and the radius of curvature of each feed-out recess is substantially the same as the inside diameter of the material forming passage 21. The interval between the feed-out recesses 44a and 45a is secured to coincide with the inside diameter of the material forming passage 21. The feed-out rollers 44 and 45 are linked to rotary actuators (not shown). As shown in FIG. 5(c), the upper fed-out roller 44 rotates clockwise, while the lower feed-out roller 45 rotates counterclockwise.

[0045] Reference numeral 61 in FIG. 1 denotes a guide block that connects between the cover block 13 and the reservoir 20.

[0046] As shown in FIG. 1, an injection apparatus 70 is set in the casting apparatus. The injection apparatus 70 supplies heated semi-melted metal into a mold 90 and has a heating chamber 71. The heating chamber 71 has a substantially sealed space covered by a heater 72. An outlet nozzle 73 provided on the upper end of the heating chamber 71 is connected to a sprue 91 of the mold 90 through an auxiliary nozzle 74.

[0047] A suction rod 75 and a pre-heating barrel 76 are set on the heating chamber 71.

[0048] The suction rod 75 is a movable columnar part in the upper end wall of the heating chamber 71. It is connected to a suction cylinder 77 and moved into or out of the heating chamber 71 by the suction cylinder 77.

[0049] The pre-heating barrel 76 is a cylindrical part extending horizontally from the side wall of the heating chamber 71. The distal end of the pre-heating barrel 76 has substantially the same inside diameter as the material forming passage 21 of the reservoir 20. The inside diameter of the proximal end of the barrel 76 adjacent to the heating chamber 71 is slightly larger than the distal end inside diameter, and these ends are connected by a part with a tapered inside diameter. As shown in FIG. 4, a material intake hole 78 is set at the distal end of the pre-heating barrel 76, and a shoot board 79 is connected to the material intake hole 78.

[0050] A pre-heater 80 is set around the proximal end of the pre-heating barrel 76, and a plunger 81 is set at the distal end of the pre-heating barrel 76.

[0051] The pre-heater 80 surrounds the pre-heating barrel 76 and heats the pre-heating barrel 76, and is set to have a slightly lower temperature than the heater 72 of the heating chamber 71.

[0052] The plunger 81 is a cylindrical part having a size fitted into the distal end of the pre-heating barrel 76. A push-out cylinder 82 is connected to the plunger 81 in order to move the plunger 81 forward and backward inside of the pre-heating barrel 76.

[0053] In the casting apparatus, magnesium alloy ingots are first introduced into the melting pot 1, and the melting heater 2 is turned on. With the melted magnesium alloy held in the melting pot 1, cooling water is circulated in the cooling unit 10 and then supplied into the rapid cooling unit 22 to establish a standby state. In this operation, the retraction cylinder 47 in the cutting unit 40 is operated to extend and the main body 41 of the cutting unit 40 is located near the reservoir 20. Simultaneously, the cutting cylinder 59 is operated to retract, and the movable damper 42B is stopped at the highest location. Unclamping oil pressure is then applied to the unclamping hydraulic cylinders 54A and 54B so that the clamping hydraulic cylinders 53A and 53B are held at tank pressure and the fixed damper 42A and movable damper 42B spread the inside diameters of the clamp through-holes 49A and 49B. Moreover, the feed rollers 30 and 31 are rotated at a fixed speed, while the feed-out rollers 44 and 45 are held stopped.

[0054] If the valve cylinder 6 retracts and the valve plunger 5 is moved backward in the standby state, the gate 3 for the molten material is opened and a molten magnesium alloy M1 stored in the melting pot 1 is poured onto the cooling unit 10 through the gate 3 (Arrow A in FIG. 1).

[0055] The magnesium alloy M1 poured onto the inclined cooling unit 10 flows along the guide recess 11 of the cooling unit 10 downward (Arrow B in FIG. 1) and is then held in the reservoir 20. During the above operation, the molten magnesium alloy M1 flowing onto the cooling unit 10 is suitably cooled by the cooling unit 10 and becomes a metal slurry M2 with many nuclei crystallized out therein. These crystal nuclei then grow to become finely grained and uniformly spherical crystals. The metal slurry M2 may thus be sufficiently fluid without use of an expensive extruder, thereby greatly decreasing the equipment cost. Moreover, as a metal ingot can be supplied into the melting pot 1 without conducting any pre-treatment, the material cost can be reduced.

[0056] The metal slurry M2 stored in the reservoir 20 is continuously discharged through the material forming passage 21. At the same time, the metal slurry M2 passing through the passage 21 is cooled by the cooling water flowing in the ring jacket 23 in the rapid cooling unit 22 and rapidly cooled by the cooling water supplied from the spouting nozzle 24, and perfectly solidified as a columnar-rod metal material M3. In this operation, perfectly solidified metal material M3 is produced by rapidly cooling a metal slurry with perfect thixotropy, and therefore potentially retains the thixotropy itself. This can easily be confirmed by observing the crystal structure in the metal material M3.

[0057] The metal material M3 discharged from the reservoir 20 is supplied to the cutting unit 40 by the feed rollers 30 and 31, and passes through the clamp through-holes 49A and 49B of the fixed and movable dampers 42A and 42B, and is then supplied to between the feed-out rollers 44 and 45.

[0058] During the above operation, the rotation of the feed rollers 30 and 31 is always observed in the casting apparatus. When the number of rotations reaches a pre-fixed value, the metal material M3 is cut in accordance with the following procedure.

[0059] When the number of rotations of the feed rollers 30 and 31 reaches the pre-fixed value, the oil pressure applied to the clamping hydraulic cylinders 53A and 53B and unclamping hydraulic cylinders 54A and 54B is adjusted so that the diameters of the clamp through-holes 49A and 49B are decreased by the fixed and movable dampers 42A and 42B. As a result, as shown in FIG. 5(a), the metal material M3 is clamped by the two dampers 42A and 42B. Because the main body 41 of the cutting unit 40 moves together with the metal material M3 along the guide rod 46 while the retraction cylinder 47 retracts, the relative velocity between the dampers 42A and 42B and the metal material M3 becomes zero.

[0060] The cutting cylinder 59 is then operated to extend, and the movable damper 42B is gradually moved downward relative to the fixed damper 42A. As result, as shown in FIG. 5(b), a shearing stress acts between part of the metal material M3 that has passed through the fixed damper 42A and part of the metal material M3 before passing through the fixed damper 42A. The metal material M3 is then sheared, with the parts as the boundary.

[0061] As shown in FIG. 5(c), when the cutting cylinder 59 extends to its maximum position and the metal material M3 has been sheared, the oil pressure that acts upon the clamping and unclamping hydraulic cylinders 53B and 54B in the movable damper 42B is suitably switched. The movable damper 42B increases the diameter of the clamp through-hole 49B. At the same time, the feed-out rollers 44 and 45 are rotated to move the sheared metal material M3 out of the movable damper 42B and discharge it onto a carrying conveyor 100 (FIG. 1).

[0062] When the sheared metal material M3 has been discharged onto the carrying conveyor, as shown in FIG. 5(d), the feed-out rollers 44 and 45 are stopped and simultaneously the cutting cylinder 59 and fixed damper 42A are returned to their respective standby positions. The retraction cylinder 47 is then operated to extend, and the unit body 41 is also returned to its standby position.

[0063] By repeating the above operation, the metal materials M3 of the pre-fixed length are continuously discharged onto the carrying conveyor 100.

[0064] In the above cutting process, since the cutting unit 40 cuts a metal material M3 when the relative velocity thereof to the metal material M3 becomes zero, continuous cutting is possible without interrupting the formation of metal material M3.

[0065] As shown in FIG. 4, the metal materials M3 thus produced are successively passed through the shoot board 79 and dropped into the pre-heating barrel 76 from the material intake hole 78. As shown in FIG. 6(a), both the pre-heater 80 and the heater 72 of the heating chamber 71 are operated in order just when one piece of the metal material M3 has been dropped into the pre-heating barrel 76.

[0066] The metal material M3 that has been dropped into the pre-heating barrel 76 is supplied into the heating chamber 71 by the reciprocating movement of the plunger 81 and held therein in a semi-melted condition as shown in FIG. 6(b).

[0067] According to the casting apparatus, the metal material M3 in the pre-heating barrel 76 is heated by the pre-heater 80, so it is possible to obtain a semi-melted magnesium alloy M4 immediately when the metal material M3 reaches the heating chamber 71. Since the inside diameter of the distal end of the pre-heating barrel 76 is the same as the outside diameter of the metal material M3, the distal end is closed by the metal material M3 not semi-melted to prevent the semi-melted magnesium alloy M4 in the heating chamber 71 from flowing backward.

[0068] As shown in FIG. 6(c), when a necessary volume of semi-melted magnesium alloy M4 is stored in the heating chamber 71, the extending action of the feed-out cylinder 82 allows the plunger 81 to advance. At the same time, the suction rod 75 is moved into the heating chamber 71 by the extending action of the suction cylinder 77. As a result, the semi-melted magnesium alloy M2 stored in the heating chamber 71 is supplied into the mold 90 through the outlet nozzle 73 and auxiliary nozzle 74 and molded into a desired shape.

[0069] The semi-melted alloy M4 supplied into the mold 90 is obtained by heating the metal material M3 that potentially has thixotropy, and is able to exhibit thixotropy again when molded into a desired shape. Therefore, the casting successfully utilizing thixotropy can be ensured. In other words, the casting using magnesium alloy having low viscosity and a high solid-phase ratio can be conducted. The filling ability of the mold 90 and the yield are therefore improved and the casting rate is increased. Therefore, it is possible to manufacture large-sized products, suppress the shrinkage cavity formation, improve the mechanical strength and manufacture thin products, thus creating many new advantages. Furthermore, the thermal load on the mold 90 can be reduced to prolong the service life of the mold.

[0070] Moreover, the casting apparatus is designed so that the metal slurry M2 is solidified to form a metal material M3 that is then heated to form a semi-melted metal material that is then supplied into the mold 90. It is therefore unnecessary to couple the cooling unit 10 which cools the molten metal M1 and the injection apparatus 70 together or to accurately control the temperature of the metal material M3. This eliminates the need for complicated control, and it is possible to easily carry out casting that effectively utilizes thixotropy. Moreover, it is possible to handle the solidified metal material M3 as a small billet, which may lead to more convenient handling procedures.

[0071] After the termination of supplying the semi-melted magnesium alloy M4 into the mold 90, the push-out cylinder 82 retracts, the suction cylinder 77 retracts and the level of the molten metal in the heating chamber 71 decreases as shown in FIG. 6(d). This prevents the semi-melted magnesium alloy M4 from being solidified in the outlet nozzle 73 and auxiliary nozzle 74.

[0072] The above actions are then repeated to mass-produce desired products using the mold 90.

[0073] Moreover, in the above embodiment, the casting apparatus manufactures products from magnesium alloy, but it can also manufacture products from aluminum, aluminum alloy and other metals and alloys.

[0074] Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the cutting unit is used to cut the metal material for easier handling, but this is not always necessary. In the absence of the cutting unit, it may be adopted to heat the produced metal material to a semi-melted state and supply the semi-melted metal material into the mold. Furthermore, the cross section of the produced metal material need not be circular.

[0075] As has been described in the foregoing, this invention helps reduction of the operation and material costs, because it does not require use of an expensive extruder normally used in thixo-casting and because metal blocks can be used without any pretreatment. Moreover, the formed metal slurry is solidified, so it is not necessary to couple the metal slurry forming process and its supply to the mold, eliminating the need to accurately control the temperature of the solidified metal slurry. It is also possible to perform casting that effectively utilizes thixotropy.

Claims

1. A casting method comprising a first step of cooling a molten metal to form a metal slurry containing a solid phase, a second step of cooling the metal slurry to form a solid metal material, and a third step of heating the metal material to a semi-melted metal material and supplying it into a mold.

2. The casting method according to

claim 1, wherein the second step includes continuously forming metal materials from the metal slurry and cutting the metal materials to a predetermined length.

3. A casting apparatus comprising first means for cooling a molten metal to form a metal slurry containing a solid phase and second means for cooling the metal slurry to form a solid metal material, wherein the metal material is then heated to a semi-melted state and the resultant metal material is poured into a mold.

4. The casting apparatus according to

claim 3, wherein the second means forms metal materials continuously from the metal slurry and includes a cutting unit for cutting the metal materials to a predetermined length.

5. The casting apparatus according to

claim 4, wherein the cutting unit can move along an advancing direction of the metal materials and cut the metal materials when a velocity of the cutting unit relative to the metal materials becomes zero.

6. A method for manufacturing a metal material being heated to a semi-melted state and then supplied into a mold, comprising a first step of cooling a molten metal to form a metal slurry containing a solid phase and a second step of cooling the metal slurry to form a solid metal material.

7. The method according to

claim 6, wherein the second step includes continuously solidifying the metal slurry into solid metal materials and cutting the metal materials to a predetermined length.

8. An apparatus for manufacturing a metal material being heated to a semi-melted state and then supplied into a mold, comprising first means for cooling a molten metal to form a metal slurry containing a solid phase and second means for cooling the slurry to form a solid metal material.

9. The apparatus according to

claim 8, wherein the second means can solidify the metal slurry continuously into solid metal materials and includes a cutting unit for cutting the solid metal materials to a predetermined length.

10. The casting apparatus according to

claim 9, wherein the cutting unit can move along an advancing direction of the metal materials and cut the metal materials when a velocity of the cutting unit relative to the metal materials becomes zero.