Sky turbine that may be mounted on top of a city
A sky turbine, having impeller blades with a plurality of panels that can telescope inward and outward. The pitch of the panels can be adjusted, and the pitch of each panel on a blade, passing from the innermost panel to the outermost panel, differs from the pitch of the previous panel by a certain adjustable amount. The sky turbine is preferably mounted above a city at a sufficiently high elevation that air current will be generally faster than just above the ground. In the preferred embodiments, a wing with two pods is pivotally mounted on a tower. Each pod has front and rear shafts, from which four blades extend. Servomotors cause the wing to turn so that the shafts are approximately parallel to the direction the wind is blowing, cause the pitch of the panels of the blades to change, and cause the panels of the blades to move telescopingly.
This application is based on Regular Utility patent application Ser. No. 10/051,521, filed Jan. 18, 2002.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to turbines for generating electrical power from wind, which may be mounted on top of a city.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Mankind's history began in the stone age, then continued in the bronze age and the iron age, to our present age, the industrial revolution. At the present time, electricity is produced by hydroelectric dams, atomically or by the burning of hydrocarbons. Production of electricity by hydroelectric dams is limited and is also destructive to the environment. The burning of coal deposits mercury and acid rain into the environment. Toxic ash must also be disposed of. Nuclear power production is plagued with the problem of long term storage of radioactive waste. In 1954, Lewis Strauss, Chairman of the Atomic Energy Commission, said that atomic reactors might someday produce such an abundance of energy that electricity would become “too cheap to meter”. What nuclear power failed to do, wind power using the present invention may accomplish. It will be the backbone of our next age, the solar age, in which all our energy needs are satisfied by power derived from the sun.
U.S. Pat. No. 1,757,667, issued on May 6, 1930, to Erich Hesse, discloses a device for regulating wind wheels to obtain a uniform rotational speed, by changing the pitch of their vanes with rods in the arms on which the vanes are located. The instant invention is distinguishable, in that the blades of the turbine can be telescopically extended or retracted to regulate their speed.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,065,225, issued on Dec. 27, 1977, to William D. Allison, discloses a multivane windmill, in which the pitch of the vanes can be changed in response to wind speed, to keep the speed of rotation constant. Again, the instant invention is distinguishable, in that the blades of the turbine can be telescopically extended or retracted to regulate their speed.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,257,736, issued on Mar. 24, 1981, to Dennis Jacobs, discloses a governed propeller type wind motor arrangement, in which the pitch of the blades is changed, but the blades do not telescope, as in the instant invention.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,500,259, issued on Feb. 19, 1985, to Berthold W. Schumacher, discloses a fluid flow energy converter, with several screws (or “helicoid structures”) rather than propeller-like blades, as in the instant invention. It is disclosed in column 8, lines 45-49 that, “an ideal location for a wind mill is, for instance, the roof of a high-rise building in a city. Of course, a special tower may also be built for carrying the helicoids.” But its structure in completely different from that of the instant invention.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,710,101, issued on Dec. 1, 1987, to Peter M. Jamieson, discloses a wind turbine, with each blade having a fixed inner portion and an outer portion that can move outward to lengthen the blade, to increase drag and slow down rotation of the turbine. The instant invention is distinguishable in that it has several panels, not just two, that can telescope inward or outward, and it can reduce its speed of rotation by telescoping inward.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,878,807, issued on Nov. 7, 1989, to Keith G. Baker, discloses a device for producing electricity from wind, having a vertical belt and interspaced hydrodynamic foil members. Its use in high rise buildings is disclosed in column 8, lines 13-21, but its structure is different from that of the instant invention, e.g., it has no telescoping blades.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,313,103, issued on May 17, 1994, to John J. Hickey, discloses an auger shaped fluid medium engaging member. Its use “on tops of roofs of a high rise building” is suggested in column 1, lines 66-67, but its structure is readily distinguishable from that of the instant invention, e.g., it has no telescoping blades.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,609,472, issued on Mar. 11, 1997, to Masahiro Obukata and Masaaki Nakadate, discloses a rotor blade for a rotary wing aircraft (such as a helicopter) having a different shape from the impeller blades of the instant invention.
U.S. Pat. No. 6,361,279, issued on Mar. 26, 2002, to Anne Marie Rodde, Joel Reneaux and Jean Jacques Thibert, discloses a blade profile for an aircraft rotor, again having a different shape from the impeller blades of the instant invention.
British Patent No. 252,461, complete specification accepted on May 27, 1926, inventor Kurt Bilau, discloses improvements in or related to wind-driven prime movers, including braking action by producing eddy currents in a slot or slots between displaced sections of the sail vane or the sail vane and a head piece, but not by telescoping as in the instant invention.
Japanese Patent No. 57-32074, published on Feb. 20, 1982, inventor Teru Matsumiya, discloses a wind mill, with blades having a fixed inner member and an outer member that can retract inward into the inner member to reduce the wind receiving area, or extend outward from the inner member to increase the wind receiving area. The instant invention is distinguishable in that it has not just two, but several telescoping panels, which also have an adjustable pitch.
Soviet Patent No. 992804, published on Jan. 30, 1983, discloses a wind motor rotor with telescopic blades, having a fixed part and a moving part. Again, the instant invention is distinguishable in that it has not just two, but several telescoping panels, which also have an adjustable pitch.
Electric Power from the Wind-II, Electrical World, May 12, 1945, pp. 102-104, discloses the possibility of generating electric power from wind, which is faster above the surface of the ground.
Marks' Standard Handbook, 9th Edition, 1987, p. 9-173,
Handbook of Airfoil Sections, Rice, Michael, 1971, p. 47, discloses that in a symmetrical airfoil, the center of pressure is stable for all angles of attack.
None of the above inventions and patents, taken either singly or in combination, is seen to describe the instant invention as claimed.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONThe present invention is a sky turbine, which may be mounted atop a high rise city. Two main shafts are facing forward and two are facing aft. Both pairs are intermeshing and counter-rotating. There is no timing relationship between front and back. In fact, the front side may be shut down for maintenance while the back side continues producing power. The sky turbine is able to protect itself from high wind speeds in the sky. As the wind speed rises, the impeller blades have panels that can telescope inward, and they can also change their angle to the wind.
Accordingly, it is a principal object of the invention to produce cheap, clean, and abundant electric power for as long as there are air currents in the sky.
It is another object of the invention to produce electric power that is “too cheap to meter”.
It is a further object of the invention to reduce pollution of the environment.
Still another object of the invention is to enable dams to be dismantled and salmon and other migratory fish to return to running in rivers and streams.
It is an object of the invention to provide improved elements and arrangements thereof in an apparatus for the purposes described which is inexpensive, dependable and fully effective in accomplishing its intended purposes.
These and other objects of the present invention will become readily apparent upon further review of the following specification and drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Or
whereby
RPM: revolutions per minute of the blades
k: a constant 57 (84)
SS: mean sky speed in M/S (mph)
R: the total radius of the blades in meters (feet)
The reciprocal of the RPM is the number of minutes required to complete one revolution.
The falling motion is powered by gravity and this fall is checked by servomotors located inside the blade.
Thus
And the leading edge radius
Furthermore
Finally
Both the chord C and dimension B may be arbitrarily chosen. Center 39 is the center of gravity of the airfoil and the axis of the telescoping octagonal mono-spar.
In operation, weather station 15 reports to the computer that the sky speed has increased over 2.7 meters/second (6 mph). (See
Claims
1. A sky turbine, comprising:
- at least one shaft; and
- blades extending from the shaft, each blade having at least three telescoping panels.
2. The sky turbine according to claim 1, wherein pressure of air current against the blades causes rotation of the shafts, which is used to generate electricity.
3. The sky turbine according to claim 2, mounted at a sufficiently high elevation that air current will be generally more rapid than on the ground.
4. The sky turbine according to claim 3, mounted above a city.
5. The sky turbine according to claim 4, mounted at the top of a tower containing the city.
6. The sky turbine according to claim 1, wherein the angles of the panels of the blades are adjustable.
7. The sky turbine according to claim 6, wherein there are two parallel pods, with each pod having two opposite ends containing one of the shafts, with the blades extending radially outward from the shaft in each end.
8. The sky turbine according to claim 7, wherein the pods are retained on a wing that can pivot on a vertical axis.
9. The sky turbine according to claim 8, wherein wind speed and direction are detected by sensors that communicate with a computer, and servomotors controlled by the computer cause the wing to turn so that the shafts are approximately parallel to the direction the wind is blowing, and minimize changes in the speed of rotation by causing the angles of the panels of the blades to change and the panels of the blades to move telescopingly.
10. The sky turbine according to claim 9, wherein when the blades telescope inward, the panels of the blades nearer to the shaft are nested within the panels of the blades further from the shaft.
11. The sky turbine according to claim 10, wherein the angles of the panels of each blade are such that the blade forms a helix.
12. The sky turbine according to claim 11, wherein one end of each pod is a front end, and the other end of each pod is a rear end, and the shafts in the front ends of the pods rotate independently of the shafts in the rear ends of the pods.
13. The sky turbine according to claim 12, wherein the shafts and blades on the front ends of the pods intermesh and counter-rotate, and the shafts and blades on the rear ends of the pods intermesh and counter-rotate.
14. The sky turbine according to claim 13, wherein each panel of the blades is equipped with electrical deicing and a moisture-proof seal, and is strengthened by a light structural lattice.
15. The sky turbine according to claim 14, wherein planetary gears increase the speed of the shafts.
16. The sky turbine according to claim 15, wherein each of the panels of each of the blades is a symmetrical airfoil having:
- a. a chord (C) as its length,
- b. a width (B),
- c. a dimension (A) which is,
- A = 2 C 3
- d. a leading edge radius (r),
- r = B 2 2 A
- e. a line (M) perpendicular to the chord (C) and located at the dimension (A) from a trailing edge,
- f. a dimension (X),
- X = A 3 - 3 AB 2 + 2 B 3 4 B ( A - B )
- g. a radius (R) centered on the line (M),
- R = X + B 2
- and
- h. a straight portion, tangent to the radius (R) and the trailing edge.
17. A symmetrical airfoil comprising:
- a. a chord (C) as its length,
- b. a width (B),
- c. a dimension (A) which is,
- A = 2 C 3
- d. a leading edge radius (r),
- r = B 2 2 A
- e. a line (M) perpendicular to the chord (C) and located at the dimension (A) from a trailing edge,
- f. a dimension (X),
- X = A 3 - 3 AB 2 + 2 B 2 4 B ( A - B )
- g. a radius (R) centered on the line (M),
- R = X + B 2
- and
- h. a straight portion, tangent to the radius (R) and the trailing edge.
Type: Application
Filed: Aug 3, 2004
Publication Date: Jan 13, 2005
Inventor: Manfred Brueckner (Milwaukee, WI)
Application Number: 10/909,324