Faceplate backings and monolithic inserts for golf clubs
A striking face backing for golf clubs, such as a driver, iron or putter, is formed of non-uniform geometry or material arranged to create a desired “feel” to the golfer and/or produce a desired effect on the golf ball. For instance, the backing can be arranged to create a variation in mechanical properties across the striking face. The backing designs can be applied behind integral striking faces, or as part of monolithic, unitary striking face, or pixel striking face inserts. The geometry, compression, and rebound properties of the backing are communicated to the striking face. Thus a sweet spot on the striking face of the club may be enlarged and/or shifted and the effects of imperfectly executed impacts may be mitigated.
The invention relates to improvements in golf clubs such as a driver, iron or putter.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIONA large variety of materials have been proposed and in fact used and offered commercially as golf club heads and faces. These materials have commonly been integral or applied as monolithic inserts in the club face in an attempt to achieve more distance and/or more control over the ball. The list of materials includes polymers, ceramics, and metals, typically the most common, stainless steels, BeCu, and lately various titanium alloys, and shape memory materials such as NiTi based and copper based alloys.
Since the mechanical characteristics (club speed, materials properties, geometry) at the impact of the club face with the ball determine the course (trajectory, distance, dispersion) of the ball; control of the impact response properties can be key to control of the course of the ball. Club head speed and geometry being constant or independent, the specific properties of the material used as the impact surface of the club control the trajectory of the ball.
It is known that an impact face comprising pixels can improve performance of a golf club. In U.S. Pat. No. 5,807,190, various individual elements, referred to as pixels are assembled into an insert for a golf club head striking face. The pixels provide a more uniform response upon impact of a golf ball with a golf club head striking face. This results in less loss of distance on off-center hits and better distance control.
Modifications to the volume behind the striking face for the purpose of providing certain properties in golf club heads has been addressed in several patents. U.S. Pat. No. 5,529,543 discloses a “dead center” club wherein the front face is backed by an open cavity such that the center “sweet spot” is less responsive and thus hits outside the “sweet spot” are said to be similar to on-center hits.
U.S. Pat. No. 6,001,030 discloses a putter head wherein a hard faceplate is attached to a flexible compressible layer comprised of discrete pieces such that the faceplate moves with the compressible layer, and the pieces of the compressible layer have differing hardness and thus compress more or less with harder hits.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,290,036 discloses a vibration damping iron club head wherein a cavity behind the club face is filled with polyurethane and optionally a vibration damping layer.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,817,522 discloses a golf club head with a pressure focusing member comprising a paraboloid metallic element inserted into a cavity in the club face and filled with epoxy. A hollow sphere is situated between the back of the paraboloid insert and back wall of the cavity.
U.S. Pat. No. 6,093,116 discloses a backing and bonding for monolithic face inserts wherein channels are formed in the back of the recess in the club head body. An elastomeric material is poured into these channels for the purpose of binding a monolithic insert to the body and vibration damping. The channels may be deeper near the bottom of the club for added damping of below center impacts.
There are two primary avenues available to avid golfers desiring to better their score; these are increased skill and improved equipment. The desire for improvements in golf club design and performance is insatiable among enthusiasts. Therefore, there is a need in the art for improvements in club design. The present invention addresses this need.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONBy providing a backing design for the striking face of a golf club head, the impact response properties of the striking face may be controlled for example to enlarge or shift the zone of optimum response also known as the “sweet spot”. In a common golf club the size and position of the sweet spot is determined by the material and geometry of club head. Faceplate inserts such as the “pixel” type insert may be used to increase the size of the sweet spot.
According to the present invention, the performance of a golf club head may be further improved by providing a striking face backing of non-uniform geometry and/or materials. The material and geometric properties of the striking face backing influence the impact response of the striking face. Thus desired effects may be achieved which include enhanced “feel”, longer contact time with a struck ball, a more uniform response across the striking face, and a shifted and/or expanded “sweet spot”.
The backings of the present invention may be applied to golf club heads comprising an integral striking face, a monolithic insert, unitary striking face insert or pixel striking face insert. The backings may comprise one or more layers of material, and/or zones comprising elements of different material and/or voids distributed behind all or part of the extent of the striking face. The thickness may be non-uniform, tapering horizontally, vertically, or both being greatest at the periphery or behind an interior portion of the striking face. The backings may comprise elements of the same or different materials of varied geometry distributed within a recess behind the striking face.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The present invention provides improvements in the performance of golf clubs through the design of faceplate backings situated behind the impact surface of the striking face. The striking face backings of the present invention may be implemented in golf club heads comprising an integral striking face, monolithic faceplate inserts (a single piece comprising a striking surface and backing), unitary striking surface faceplate inserts (comprising a single unit striking surface and separate backing element(s)), or a pixel faceplate insert comprising individual striking surface elements as described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,807,190 (incorporated herein by reference in its entirety) and separate backing elements.
The impact response properties across integral faceplates in golf club heads may be controlled by providing faceplate backings according to the present invention. In a golf club head with an integral faceplate, the impact surface is preferably thin metal faceplate backed by a faceplate backing comprising a non-uniform geometry or material property. The impact response of the striking face is influenced by the compression, rebound, and geometry of the faceplate backing in order to achieve a desired property.
In golf clubs comprising faceplate inserts, the front face of a golf club head includes a recess in which a faceplate insert is retained. The faceplate insert is usually situated in the recess with the front striking surface flush with the front face of the club head body. The club head body may be constructed of any suitable material including various metals, wood, polymers, and composites. The club head body may further comprise features such as perimeter weighting accomplished by club head shape or inserted weights, sole plates, and the like, as commonly found in golf clubs. The faceplate insert may be retained in the recess by any suitable arrangement such as adhesive bonding or mechanical interfaces between the insert and the club head body.
A monolithic insert may be constructed of any material suitable for an impact face including metals, polymers, and composite materials. The impact surface may be grooved and otherwise mechanically or chemically treated to provide a suitable texture. A monolithic insert is commonly constructed of a material different from the club head body. A faceplate backing according to the present invention comprises a non-uniform geometry which may be fully in contact with the inner wall of the striking face recess. Alternatively, a backing may enclose voids within the striking face recess, or may be at least partially exposed by an opening in the top, bottom, toe, heel, or back of the club head body such as a through hole from the back of the recess to the back of the club head body. The impact response of the striking surface of a monolithic insert is controlled by the faceplate material and geometry of the faceplate backing to achieve a desired property.
The monolithic molded polymer inserts commonly found in putters provide a uniform thickness polymeric insert and give a softer “feel” on impact with the golf ball. According to the invention, the geometry and materials of the insert backings are altered to achieve a more uniform response for off-center hits and improved distance control. Alternatively, the geometry of the back surface of the inserts themselves may be altered. This improvement is achieved by the present invention while retaining the soft “feel” of the polymeric material.
According to one embodiment of the invention, a unitary striking surface insert comprises a single striking surface element and one or more backing elements. The striking surface element may be comprised of any suitable material for an impact face. Preferably it is relatively thin and flexible so that the properties of the faceplate backing are communicated to the impact surface. The impact surface may be grooved and otherwise mechanically or chemically treated to provide a suitable texture. A faceplate backing according to the present invention comprises non-uniform materials and/or geometries in one or more layers. Materials may include metal, polymers, composite, or combinations of these. Thus, faceplate backings according to the present invention may provide a nearly infinite spectrum of properties which can be used to control the impact response of the striking surface. The backing may be fully in contact with the inner wall of the club head body striking face recess, may enclose voids within the club face recess, or may be at least partially exposed by a second opening in the club head body.
Faceplate inserts comprised of pixels are known to improve golf club performance by allowing for fine control of the impact response properties across a club face. Pixel elements respond to an impact individually. Thus, the impact response properties of a faceplate insert may be controlled by the selective assembly of a matrix of pixels with desired properties. The impact response of a golf club with a faceplate comprised of pixels can be further improved and controlled by providing a backing for the pixels of varied geometry and/or materials. The backings may be made of a any of suitable materials, and combinations of materials. The backings can be in contact with the back ends of all the pixels in the faceplate. In the backings for unitary faceplates or pixel faceplates, the variety of suitable materials is greater than for the faceplates themselves since abrasion resistance is not a required property. For example, by providing a compressible polyurethane backing to the pixels that is thicker behind the center and thinner, tapered or absent behind the outer areas of the pixel insert the effect is to make club response more uniform than previously achievable.
Tapering the backing horizontally from the center can provide a gradual transition of response from the center to the edges of the impact zone comprising the insert. The insert backing may be either thicker in the center or thinner in the center depending on materials and desired effect. Varying the thickness of the insert backing vertically behind the pixels of the insert provides a desired compensation for too high or too low ball impact on the face of the club. Both horizontal and vertical variations in the backing can be combined in a single insert.
The insert backings can be made of single pieces or assembled from individual elements of the same or different materials combined to comprise the complete backing. The materials of the backing can be metal or polymer or a combination of materials with a very wide range of mechanical properties. Materials of the backing can be of various hardness, durometer, and linear or non-linear stress/strain characteristics, such as exhibited by shape memory metals are known to those skilled in the art. In the case of polymers, injection or transfer molding is often a preferred method to produce complex geometry for the backings.
Thus, according the present invention, the performance of a golf club may be improved by the incorporation of a faceplate insert comprising a well chosen backing. The “sweet spot” may be expanded, the “feel” experienced by a golfer may be enhanced, and/or the effects of imperfectly executed impacts may be mitigated.
As illustrated in
According to the present invention, the impact response of the striking face of the golf club may be finely controlled by designing the geometry and materials of the faceplate backing.
The response of a pixel faceplate insert 8 may be even more finely controlled by providing a backing arrangement comprising a plurality of backing elements 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31 of variable geometry and/or materials as illustrated for example in
In accordance with additional examples of the present invention, a backing arrangement for a “pixel” faceplate insert 8 may comprise variations in geometry and/or materials in the vertical direction as illustrated for example in
As illustrated in
Faceplate backings in accordance with the invention may be incorporated into iron and driver type clubs as well.
Any of the backing arrangements which are non-uniform in the vertical direction may be horizontally uniform or non-uniform. Likewise, any of the backing arrangements which are non-uniform in the horizontal direction may be vertically uniform or non-uniform in accordance with the invention.
The foregoing has described the principles, preferred embodiments and modes of operation of the present invention. However, the invention should not be construed as being limited to the particular embodiments discussed. Thus, the above-described embodiments should be regarded as illustrative rather than restrictive, and it should be appreciated that variations may be made in those embodiments by workers skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention as defined by the following claims.
Claims
1. A golf club head comprising:
- a front face having a recess;
- a faceplate insert situated within said recess comprising a plurality of discrete pieces of the same material distributed within the recess of the striking face, the pieces having endwalls forming the striking face and each of the pieces having at least one sidewall in contact with a sidewall of an adjacent one of the pieces wherein the assembled pieces are shaped to fill the height and width of the recess in a close packed relationship;
- a faceplate backing wherein the faceplate backing is situated within the recess behind at least a portion of the striking face; and
- said backing being non-uniform in thickness, material or both across the extent of the faceplate in the vertical and/or horizontal direction.
2. The golf club head of claim 1, wherein said faceplate backing is in contact with the back ends of all faceplate pieces.
3. The golf club head of claim 1, wherein the faceplate backing comprises a single piece of material with the thickness of said backing being non-uniform in the horizontal and vertical directions.
4. The golf club head of claim 1, wherein said faceplate backing comprises a plurality of layers of material.
5. The golf club head of claim 4, wherein at least one of the plurality of layers of material has a uniform cross section in the horizontal or vertical direction.
6. The golf club head of claim 1, wherein said faceplate backing comprises a plurality of discrete backing elements distributed horizontally and/or vertically within the striking face recess.
7. The golf club head of claim 6, wherein said discrete backing elements are composed of at least two different materials.
8. The golf club head of claim 1, wherein said faceplate backing encloses one or more voids within the front face recess.
9. The golf club head of claim 1, wherein said faceplate insert comprises a plurality of discrete pieces of the same material distributed within the recess of the striking face, the pieces having frontwalls forming the striking face, each of the pieces having at least one sidewall contiguous with a sidewall of an adjacent pieces and the pieces filling the height and/or width of the recess in a close packed relationship.
10. A golf club head comprising:
- a front face having a recess;
- a faceplate insert comprising a single piece situated within said recess forming a striking face; and
- the faceplate insert being non-uniform in thickness across the extent of the faceplate in the vertical and horizontal direction.
11. The golf club head of claim 10, wherein said faceplate insert encloses one or more voids within the front face recess.
12. The golf club head of claim 10, wherein the impact response of the front face is controlled by the non-uniform thickness of the faceplate insert.
13. A golf club head comprising:
- a front face having a recess;
- a faceplate insert situated within said recess;
- a faceplate backing comprising a plurality of layers of material wherein the faceplate backing is situated within the recess behind at least a portion of the striking face; and
- said faceplate backing being non-uniform in thickness, material or both across the extent of the faceplate in the vertical and/or horizontal direction.
14. The golf club head of claim 13, wherein at least one of the plurality of layers of material has a uniform cross section in the horizontal or vertical direction.
15. The golf club head of claim 13, wherein the faceplate insert comprises a unitary striking face element forming a striking face.
16. The golf club head of claim 13, wherein the faceplate insert comprises a plurality of discrete pieces of the same material in a close packed arrangement.
17. The golf club head of claim 13, wherein at least one of the plurality of layers comprises a plurality of discrete backing elements distributed horizontally and/or vertically within the front face recess.
18. A golf club head comprising:
- a golf club head body;
- a striking face integral with the head body;
- a striking face backing wherein the backing is situated within a opening behind at least a portion of the striking face; and
- said backing being non-uniform in thickness and/or material across the extent of the striking face in the vertical and/or horizontal direction.
Type: Application
Filed: Jul 11, 2003
Publication Date: Jan 27, 2005
Inventors: John Krumme (Tahoe City, CA), Tyler Dennis (Holladay, UT)
Application Number: 10/616,946