Varied density nonwoven
A nonwoven having varying densities of the fibers that make up the nonwoven. The nonwoven has a length direction x, a width direction y, and a thickness direction z. The density of the fibers 11 in the nonwoven 10 varies long the width direction y of the nonwoven 10.
This application is a continuation of prior co-pending U.S. application Ser. No. 10/057,568, filed on Oct. 29, 2001, the contents of all of which are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.
BACKGROUNDThe present invention generally relates to moldable nonwoven materials, and in particular, to moldable nonwoven materials for use in applications having varying requirements in each area of the component.
A nonwoven mat formed of low and high melt polyester fibers can be molded into a form for various components such as automotive headliners. This nonwoven has the advantage of being formable, resilient to treatment in the car manufacturing process, and when combined with a 100% polyester A-surface fabric, recyclable. However, it has been found by the present inventors that the performance of components does not always need to be the same in all areas of the component. Therefore, there is a need for moldable nonwoven materials that can satisfy the varying performance requirements of a component in different zones and reduce the weight and raw material cost of the component.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGSFor a more complete understanding of the present invention, reference should be made to the following drawings in conjunction with the detailed description below:
Referring now to the Figures, and in particular to
The nonwoven 10 comprises first sections 110, second sections 120, and a third section 130, disposed across the width direction y of the nonwoven 10, and along the length direction x of the nonwoven 10. The second sections 120 are disposed on opposite sides of the third section 130, which all extend in the length direction x. The first sections 110 are disposed on the sides of the second sections 120 opposite to the third section 130, and which also extend in the length direction x.
In one embodiment, the fibers 11 forming the nonwoven 10 are a synthetic polymeric fiber. In a further embodiment, the fibers 11 forming the nonwoven 10 are a combination of high melt polyester and low melt polyester fibers. In a further embodiment, the low melt polyester fibers are a core/sheath fiber, with sheath melt temperature of from about 110° C. to about 180° C., with standard polyester core. The core/sheath fiber is used with the standard matrix fiber. The low melt polyester fiber, or core/sheath fiber, can comprise from about 40% to about 90% by weight of the total blend of fibers 11 in the nonwoven 10, and the high melt polyester fibers, or matrix fibers, can vary from about 60% to about 10% by weight of the total blend of fibers 11 in the nonwoven 10, depending on desired final properties required of nonwoven 10. The use of low melt temperature fibers facilitates the molding of component parts from the nonwoven of the present invention after formation of that nonwoven material.
Referring now to
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As illustrated in
Referring back now to
In the embodiment of the nonwoven 10 formed from the batten 10a, first zones 110 have a greater density of the fibers 11 than the second zones 120 and the third zone 130, and the second zones 120 have a greater density of the fibers 11 than the third zone 130. Additionally, the second zone 120 has a density of the fibers 11 that varies within the particular zone, the greatest density being adjacent to the first zones 110, and reducing in densities towards the third zone 130.
In the embodiment of the nonwoven 10 formed from the batten 10b, the first zones 110 have a lesser density of the fibers 1 1 than the second zones 120 and the third zone 130, and the second zones 120 have a lesser density of the fibers 11 than the third zone 130. Additionally, the second zone 120 has a density of the fibers 11 that varies within the particular zone, the greatest density being adjacent to the third zone 130, and reducing in densities towards the first zones 110.
The present invention provides a nonwoven having different characteristics in different zones and using a minimum of material to obtain those characteristics, thereby minimizing raw material cost, and reducing the weight of the nonwoven to achieve the desired performance.
Claims
1. A nonwoven article comprising a plurality of intertwined fibers and having a width, height, and thickness, wherein the thickness of the nonwoven article is substantially uniform across the width, and wherein the density of the fibers of the nonwoven article varies across the width of the nonwoven article.
2. The nonwoven article according to claim 1, wherein the nonwoven article has a first zone and a second zone extending across the width of the nonwoven article, and wherein the first zone has a first density of the fibers therein, and the second zone has a second density of the fibers therein, the first density being different from the second density.
3. The nonwoven article according to claim 2, wherein the first zone and the second zone are connected by the intertwining of the fibers between the first zone and the second zone.
4. The nonwoven article according to claim 2, wherein the fibers forming the nonwoven comprise a plurality of high melt polyester fibers and a plurality of low melt polyester fibers.
5. The nonwoven article according to claim 2, wherein the fibers forming the nonwoven comprise a plurality of high melt polyester fibers and a plurality of core sheath polyester fibers having a low melt polyester sheath.
6. The nonwoven article according to claim 5, wherein the low melt polyester sheath has a melt temperature from about 110° C. to about 180° C.
7. The nonwoven article according to claim 5, wherein the core sheath polyester fibers comprise from about 40% to about 90% by weight of the fibers forming the nonwoven.
8. The nonwoven article according to claim 5, wherein the high melt polyester fibers comprise from about 40% to about 10% by weight of the fibers forming the nonwoven.
9. The nonwoven article according to claim 1, wherein the nonwoven article has a first zone and a second zone extending across the width of the nonwoven article, and wherein the first zone has a first density of the fibers therein, and the second zone in which the having a density of fibers therein which varies across the width of the nonwoven article.
10. The nonwoven article according to claim 9, wherein the first zone and the second zone are connected by the intertwining of the fibers between the first zone and the second zone.
11. The nonwoven article according to claim 9, wherein the fibers forming the nonwoven comprise a plurality of high melt polyester fibers and a plurality of low melt polyester fibers.
12. The nonwoven article according to claim 9, wherein the fibers forming the nonwoven comprise a plurality of high melt polyester fibers and a plurality of core sheath polyester fibers having a low melt polyester sheath.
13. The nonwoven article according to claim 12, wherein the low melt polyester sheath has a melt temperature from about 110° C. to about 180° C.
14. The nonwoven article according to claim 12, wherein the core sheath polyester fibers comprise from about 40% to about 90% by weight of the fibers forming the nonwoven.
15. The nonwoven article according to claim 12, wherein the high melt polyester fibers comprise from about 40% to about 10% by weight of the fibers forming the nonwoven.
16. The nonwoven article according to claim 1, wherein the fibers forming the nonwoven comprise a plurality of high melt polyester fibers and a plurality of low melt polyester fibers.
17. The nonwoven article according to claim 1, wherein the fibers forming the nonwoven comprise a plurality of high melt polyester fibers and a plurality of core sheath polyester fibers having a low melt polyester sheath.
18. The nonwoven article according to claim 17, wherein the low melt polyester sheath has a melt temperature from about 110° C. to about 180° C.
19. The nonwoven article according to claim 17, wherein the core sheath polyester fibers comprise from about 40% to about 90% by weight of the fibers forming the nonwoven.
20. The nonwoven article according to claim 17, wherein the high melt polyester fibers comprise from about 40% to about 10% by weight of the fibers forming the nonwoven.
21. A method of forming a nonwoven article comprising the steps of:
- a) forming a nonwoven batten of fibers, the nonwoven batten having a length, width, and thickness, wherein the nonwoven batten having a varying weight of fibers across the width; and,
- b) needling the nonwoven batten of fibers such that the fibers are intertwined, wherein the nonwoven batten is needled to produce a nonwoven article having a substantially uniform thickness across the width of the nonwoven article.
22. The method according to claim 21, wherein the step of needling the nonwoven batten includes using a varying needle density to produce the substantially uniform thickness of the nonwoven article.
23. The method according to claim 21, wherein the step of forming the nonwoven batten includes the fibers having substantially a uniform density such that the nonwoven batten is formed with a varying thickness across the width.
24. The method according to claim 21, wherein the step of forming a nonwoven batten includes forming the nonwoven batten with a first zone extending across the width of the nonwoven batten and a second zone extending across the width of the nonwoven batten with the first zone having a different weight of fibers per width than the second zone.
25. The method according to claim 24, wherein the step of forming a nonwoven batten includes forming the first zone with a greater density of fibers along the width than the second zone.
26. The method according to claim 25, wherein the step of forming a nonwoven batten includes forming the second zone with a fiber density that varies along the width of the nonwoven batten.
27. The method according to claim 26, wherein the step of forming a nonwoven batten further includes forming a third zone with a lesser density of fibers along the width than either the first zone or the second zone.
28. The method according to claim 24, wherein the step of forming a nonwoven batten includes forming the second zone with a greater density of fibers along the width than the first zone.
29. The method according to claim 28, wherein the step of forming a nonwoven batten includes forming the second zone with a fiber density that varies along the width of the nonwoven batten.
30. The method according to claim 29, wherein the step of forming a nonwoven batten further includes forming a third zone with a greater density of fibers along the width than either the first zone or the second zone.
31. A method of forming a molded composite comprising the steps of:
- a) forming a nonwoven batten of synthetic polymeric fibers, the nonwoven batten having a length, width, and thickness, wherein the nonwoven batten having a varying weight of fibers across the width;
- b) needling the nonwoven batten of fibers such that the fibers are intertwined, wherein the nonwoven batten is needled to produce a nonwoven article; and,
- c) molding a component part from the nonwoven article.
32. The method according to claim 30, wherein the step of needling the nonwoven batten of fibers includes forming the nonwoven article having a substantially uniform thickness across the width of the nonwoven.
33. The method according to claim 32, wherein the step of needling the nonwoven batten includes using a varying needle density to produce the substantially uniform thickness of the nonwoven article.
34. The method according to claim 31, wherein the step of forming the nonwoven batten includes the fibers having substantially a uniform density such that the nonwoven batten is formed with a varying thickness across the width.
35. The method according to claim 31, wherein the step of forming a nonwoven batten includes forming the nonwoven batten with a first zone extending across the width of the nonwoven batten and a second zone extending across the width of the nonwoven batten with the first zone having a different weight of fibers per width than the second zone.
36. The method according to claim 35, wherein the step of forming a nonwoven batten includes forming the first zone with a greater density of fibers along the width than the second zone.
37. The method according to claim 36, wherein the step of forming a nonwoven batten includes forming the second zone with a fiber density that varies along the width of the nonwoven batten.
38. The method according to claim 37, wherein the step of forming a nonwoven batten further includes forming a third zone with a lesser density of fibers along the width than either the first zone or the second zone.
39. The method according to claim 35, wherein the step of forming a nonwoven batten includes forming the second zone with a greater density of fibers along the width than the first zone.
40. The method according to claim 39, wherein the step of forming a nonwoven batten includes forming the second zone with a fiber density that varies along the width of the nonwoven batten.
41. The method according to claim 40, wherein the step of forming a nonwoven batten further includes forming a third zone with a greater density of fibers along the width than either the first zone or the second zone.
Type: Application
Filed: Aug 3, 2004
Publication Date: Mar 31, 2005
Patent Grant number: 7157137
Inventor: David Wenstrup (Easley, SC)
Application Number: 10/910,469