Method and system of transferring data gathered by downhole devices to surface devices
A method and system of coupling a memory device to a downhole device while the device is at the surface, writing of data to the memory device while the downhole device is within the borehole, and then transferring the data to a surface computer by removing the memory device (once the downhole device is at the surface) and coupling the downhole device to the surface computer.
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None.
STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENTNot applicable.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION1. Field of the Invention
Embodiments of the invention are directed to transferring of data gathered by downhole devices to surface devices. More particularly, the various embodiments are directed to a non-volatile memory device to which data is stored downhole, and wherein the non-volatile memory may be decoupled from the downhole device and coupled to a surface computer to transfer data gathered downhole.
2. Background of the Invention
Wireline logging is a technique whereby a probe (or sonde) may be lowered into a borehole and used to gather information about the formation surrounding the borehole and/or the borehole itself. Information gathered may be sent to the surface by way of an armored multi-conductor cable, which cable therefore acts not only to suspend the sonde within the borehole, but also as a communication path between the sensors and surface devices. However, wireline logging has fallen into disfavor when associated with the drilling process because of the need to remove (or trip) the drill string before the sonde may be placed within the borehole. For this reason, logging-while-drilling (LWD) tools and measuring-while-drilling (MWD) tools have found favor in the oil and gas industry.
During drilling, downhole devices, such as MWD and LWD devices, may communicate with the surface devices by way of telemetry systems. The medium for exchange of information between the downhole devices and the surface devices may be the drilling fluid (or mud) within the drill string, or the drill string itself. When using the drilling mud as the communication medium, the information may be imparted in the form of positive or negative pressure pulses. Alternatively, the information may be imparted into the drilling mud acoustically. Regardless of the method by which data communications takes place, telemetry from downhole devices to surface devices is slow, on the order of one bit per second. For this reason, many downhole devices take measurements and read data, but store the data in internal memory for later retrieval.
Several types of downhole devices are used by the industry, and each device may require varying amounts of internal memory. For example, a “gamma” tool requires comparatively little memory; whereas, an acoustic or sonic tool may require a significant amount of memory, approaching 250 megabytes, to have the capability to store all the data gathered during a drilling run. Other downhole tools may comprise a resistivity tool, a caliper tool, and a directional tool.
For devices which store some or all of the gathered data in internal memory, once the tool is raised to the surface the data may be transferred to a surface computer. The most common way to transfer data from the internal memory of the downhole devices is to couple each downhole device to the surface computer by way of a cable. Once the cable is connected, the surface computer may communicate with the device, and transfer the data. While this operation seems relatively simple, several practical problems exist.
On most drilling rigs, especially drilling platforms on the ocean, space is a commodity, and therefore the surface computer may not, indeed most likely is not, close to the downhole devices even when they are on the rig floor. Thus, the cable used to transfer the information may be relatively long, and the data transfer rate decreases with length.
An additional factor that decreases the data transfer rate may be electrical noise. Drilling rigs have many motors and other electrical equipment associated with the drilling process, which equipment creates significant electrical noise. Because the download cable may wind in and around the drilling rig to get to the surface computer, it becomes an antenna for receiving electrical noise. Given the distance between a surface computer and the downhole devices, the length of the cable required and the ambient electrical noise, data transfer rates for communicating between the surface computer and the downhole device (while at the surface and coupled via the cable) may be at or near eighty kilo-baud. Transferring data from a memory-intensive logging device, e.g. an acoustic device, may take in excess of thirty minutes if no errors occur.
Various techniques exist to diminish the possibility that errors occur in the transfer of data, but these techniques are not infallible. On occasion, errors may precipitate a second transfer of the same information, and possibly even a third, until the information is transferred error-free. In instances where an error occurs and the transfer process repeated, significant rig time may be lost. The problem may be exacerbated still by the fact that bottomhole assemblies may contain multiple logging devices, with each device having internal memory that needs to be transferred to the surface computer.
Thus, what is needed in the art is a more efficient mechanism to transfer data from the downhole devices to the surface computer.
SUMMARY OF SOME OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTSThe problems noted above are solved in large part by a method and system of storing downhole data in a detachable memory device. One of the exemplary embodiments may be a method comprising coupling a memory device to a downhole device (while the downhole device is at the surface), lowering the downhole device into a borehole, operating the downhole device thereby creating data, storing the data to the memory device, raising the dowhhole device to the surface, disconnecting the memory device from the downhole device, coupling the memory device to a surface computer, and reading the data from the memory device by the surface computer.
Another of the exemplary embodiments may be a downhole tool comprising a downhole tool body having an outer surface, a processor disposed within the downhole tool body, and a connector disposed on the outer surface of the tool body (the connector couples a memory device to the processor). The memory device, when coupled to the connector, travels with the downhole tool body into and out of the borehole, and wherein the processor stores data to the memory device while the memory device and the downhole tool body are within the borehole.
The disclosed devices and methods comprise a combination of features and advantages which enable it to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art devices. The various characteristics described above, as well as other features, will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description, and by referring to the accompanying drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGSFor a detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, reference will now be made to the accompanying drawings in which:
Certain terms are used throughout the following description and claims to refer to particular system components. This document does not intend to distinguish between components that differ in name but not function.
In the following discussion and in the claims, the terms “including” and “comprising” are used in an open-ended fashion, and thus should be interpreted to mean “including, but not limited to . . . ”. Also, the term “couple” or “couples” is intended to mean either an indirect or direct connection. Thus, if a first device couples to a second device, that connection may be through a direct connection, or through an indirect connection via other devices and connections.
The methods and systems described in this specification find applicability in many types of downhole devices. Downhole devices may launch or release energy into the formation, and then receive or detect the energy after it reacts with the formation to determine formation and/or borehole characteristics. Thus, the term “energy” as used herein means energy of any kind, such as electromagnetic waves, acoustic energy, radiation (e.g. gamma radiation), and/or high energy particles (e.g. neutrons). Moreover, the following description describes the gathering of data. Data may be not only information about a borehole and/or the formation surrounding a borehole; but may also comprise information about a downhole tool (e.g. voltages, currents, failure modes, error reports) that may assist in failure analysis.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
In accordance with embodiments of the invention, the bottomhole assembly 16 may comprise various downhole devices, such as a logging-while-drilling (LWD) device 24 and a measuring-while-drilling (MWD) device 26. MWD and LWD devices may gather data about the borehole and the formations surrounding the borehole. Some of this information, most notably at least part of the MWD information, may be transmitted to the surface by way of a telemetry system, such as a mud pulse telemetry system. However, some data gathered downhole may not be needed at the surface immediately, and other data (e.g. data gathered by the LWD tool 24) may be too voluminous to transmit to the surface using pulse telemetry systems. For this reason, downhole devices such as the LWD tool 24 and MWD tool 26 may store some or all of the data gathered within the tool. Once at the surface, the data gathered may be transferred to a surface computer.
In the exemplary case of an electromagnetic wave resistivity tool, after one or both of the source devices 202, 204 operate, the receiving devices 206, 208 may receive energy in the form of electromagnetic waves indicative of borehole and/or formation characteristics. Beginning with the exemplary receiving device 206, the electromagnetic wave detected may be amplified by amplifier 224 and passed to a filter 226 to create a filtered signal. Although filter 226 is shown to be a bandpass filter, any filter which removes unwanted noise may be equivalently used. The filtered signal may then be coupled to an analog-to-digital (A/D) converter 228, which converts the analog signal to a digital representation which may be read by the processor 210. Likewise, with respect to receiving device 208, the electromagnetic wave detected may be coupled to an amplifier 230, and in turn coupled to a bandpass filter 232 and the A/D converter 228. The processor, by correlating the amplitude and phase of received signals to the source signals, may determine pertinent characteristics of the borehole and/or formation. In the case of an electromagnetic wave resistivity tool, the downhole device may be able to determine the resistivity of the surrounding formation, which may be indicative of the presence of hydrocarbons and/or boundaries between hydrocarbon-producing formations. If the exemplary downhole device is an acoustic device, the source devices 202, 204 would be acoustic transmitters, and their receiving devices 206, 208 would be acoustic receivers. Alternatively in the case of an acoustic device, the downhole device may be able to operate as a televiewer, showing characteristics of the borehole. In yet further alternative embodiments, one or more of the source devices 202, 204 may be (or control) a neutron source or gamma radiation source. In this case, the receiving devices 206, 208 may be gamma radiation detectors.
In accordance with embodiments of the invention, the processor 210 may execute a program which performs the desired control and calculations. The program may initially be stored on a read-only memory (ROM) 234. The processor 210 may likewise be coupled to a random access memory (RAM) 236. The RAM 236 may be the working area from which the processor 210 reads program steps and stores information. The processor 210 may likewise couple to a communication (COM) device 238, which may allow the processor to communicate with the surface computer through a cable coupled to the surface computer. While the various electronics for the exemplary downhole device may be separate components as illustrated in
In accordance with embodiments of the invention, in addition to, or in place of, the RAM 236, non-volatile memory 242 may couple to the processor 210. As indicated by the connection 244, the non-volatile memory 242 may be removably coupled to the processor 210. Preferably, as the downhole device gathers data regarding parameters of the borehole and/or formation, that data may be stored in the removably coupled non-volatile memory 242. Thus, the non-volatile memory 242 is coupled to the processor 210 while the downhole device is downhole and making the measurements. When the downhole device is raised to the surface, the non-volatile memory 242 may be disconnected from the downhole device, and coupled to the surface computer 246, as indicated in
The non-volatile memory 242 may take many forms. In accordance with at least some embodiments of the invention, the non-volatile memory 242 may be non-volatile random access memory (NVRAM). The NVRAM may take many forms, e.g. random accessory memory with a battery backup, a combination of SRAM and electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or a solid state magnetic-type RAM. Alternatively, the non-volatile memory 242 may comprise one or more EEPROMs, which are periodically written with data generated by the downhole device. In still other embodiments of the invention, the non-volatile memory may be some form of optical storage media (e.g. CD-ROM or other optical device known in the art or after developed). Thus, any removably coupled persistent storage media may be used to store downhole data. The non-volatile memory 242 may be addressed serially, such as by a universal serial bus (USB), or may be some form of standards-based or proprietary package, such as a PCMCIA compliant device, a Smart Media device (originally developed by Toshiba), or a Compact Flash device (originally developed by Sandisk).
As discussed with respect to
Thus, embodiments of the invention envision a system in which non-volatile memory may be removed at the surface and replaced (either after reading or by a different device).
In accordance with embodiments of the invention, the SWRO port may contain the non-volatile memory 242. The memory 242 may couple to a connector 512, which holds the non-volatile memory in place and electrically or optically couples the non-volatile memory to the processor 210. The cap 506 may also, in whole or in part, physically hold the non-volatile memory 242 in place.
In accordance with embodiments of the invention, an electronics insert 608 may be placed on an inside diameter of the tool body 600. The electronics insert 608 preferably contains electronics illustrated in
Regardless of the precise nature of the downhole device, in accordance with embodiments of the invention, a non-volatile memory 242 may couple to the electronic sensor 608. The non-volatile memory 242 may be coupled to the electronic sensor 608 by insertion of the non-volatile memory through the box end 602, as indicated by arrow 614. Likewise, once the non-volatile memory stores data gathered and/or generated downhole, the non-volatile memory 242 may be disconnected and coupled to the surface computer. The disconnection in these alternative embodiments may involve disconnecting the downhole device from the bottomhole assembly to obtain access to the non-volatile memory through the box end 602 of the downhole tool body 600. In accordance with embodiments of the invention, the non-volatile memory 242 may couple to a connector 616 on an external surface of the electronics insert 608. The connector 616 may thus couple the non-volatile memory 242, external to the electronics insert, to the processor 210 within the electronics insert. While the connector is shown to be a part of the external housing of the electronics insert 608, there may be one or more intervening devices and systems between the connector 616 and the electronics insert 608. Further, depending on the nature of the non-volatile memory 242, a system such as that illustrated with respect to
The above discussion is meant to be illustrative of the principles and various embodiments of the present invention. Numerous variations and modifications will become apparent to those skilled in the art once the above disclosure is fully appreciated. It is intended that the following claims be interpreted to embrace all such variations and modifications.
Claims
1. A method comprising:
- connecting a removably coupled memory device to a connector through a sidewall of a tool body of a downhole device while the downhole device is at the surface;
- lowering the downhole device, along with the removably coupled memory device, into a bore hole;
- operating the downhole device thereby creating data;
- storing the data to the removably coupled memory device;
- raising the downhole device and the removably coupled memory device to the surface; and
- disconnecting the removably coupled memory device from the downhole device.
2. The method as defined in claim 1 further comprising:
- coupling the removably coupled memory device to a surface computer; and
- reading the data from the memory device by the surface computer.
3. The method as defined in claim 1 wherein connecting the removably coupled memory device to the connector further comprises connecting a non-volatile memory device to the connector.
4. The method as defined in claim 1 wherein connecting the removably coupled memory device to the connector further comprises coupling the removably coupled memory device to one of a measuring while drilling and logging while drilling tool.
5. The method as defined in claim 1 wherein connecting the removably coupled memory device to the connector further comprises coupling the removably coupled memory device to a processor of the downhole device.
6. The method as defined in claim 5 wherein connecting the removably coupled memory device to the connector further comprises:
- coupling the removably coupled memory device within a recess in the tool body side-wall; and
- placing a cap over the removably coupled memory device and within the recess, wherein the cap seals against an internal surface of the recess.
7. A method comprising:
- connecting a removably coupled memory device to a downhole device while the downhole device is at the surface;
- lowering the downhole device, along with the removably coupled memory device, into a bore hole;
- operating the downhole device thereby creating data;
- storing the data to the removably coupled memory device;
- raising the downhole device and the removably coupled memory device to the surface; and
- disconnecting the removably coupled memory device from the downhole device;
- wherein connecting the removably coupled memory device to the downhole device further comprises coupling the removably coupled memory device through a box end of a tool body of the downhole device; and
- wherein, between connecting the removably coupled memory to the downhole device and lowering the downhole device, the method further comprises coupling the tool body within a drill string using the box end.
8. A downhole tool comprising:
- a downhole tool body comprising an outer surface;
- a processor disposed within the downhole tool body; and
- a connector disposed on the outer surface of the tool body, the connector to couple a removably coupled memory device to the processor;
- wherein the removably coupled memory device, coupled to the connector, travels with the downhole tool body into and out of the borehole, and wherein the processor stores data to the removably coupled memory device while the memory device and downhole tool body are within the borehole.
9. The downhole tool as defined in claim 8 wherein the removably coupled memory device comprises at least one of a magnetic storage media, an optical storage media, a random access memory and a programmable read only memory.
10. The downhole tool as defined in claim 8 further comprising:
- a receiving device proximate to the downhole tool body; and
- said receiving device coupled to the processor;
- wherein the receiving device receives energy whose properties are indicative of at least one of a formation characteristic and a borehole characteristic, and wherein the data stored to the memory device by the processor is based on the received energy.
11. The downhole tool as defined in claim 10 wherein the receiving device receives acoustic energy.
12. The downhole tool as defined in claim 10 wherein the receiving device receives energy in the form of electromagnetic waves.
13. The downhole tool as defined in claim 10 wherein the receiving device receives energy in the form of gamma radiation.
14. The downhole tool as defined in claim 8 wherein the connector is disposed within a recess in the outer surface, and wherein the downhole tool further comprises a cap that seals against an internal surface of the recess.
15. A method comprising:
- coupling a non-volatile memory device to a logging while drilling (LWD) device through a sidewall of the LWD device, the coupling while the LWD device is at the surface;
- lowering the LWD device, along with the non-volatile memory device, into a bore hole;
- operating the LWD device thereby creating data;
- storing the data to the non-volatile memory device;
- raising the LWD device and the non-volatile memory device to the surface;
- disconnecting the non-volatile memory device from the LWD device;
- coupling the non-volatile memory device to a surface computer; and
- reading the data from the non-volatile memory device by the surface computer.
16. The method as defined in claim 15 wherein coupling the non-volatile memory device to the LWD device further comprises coupling the non-volatile memory device to a processor of the LWD device.
17. The method as defined in claim 16 wherein coupling the non-volatile memory device to the processor further comprises:
- coupling the non-volatile memory device within a recess in the side-wall; and
- placing a cap over the non-volatile memory device and within the recess, and wherein the cap seals against an internal surface of the recess.
18. (canceled)
19. A downhole tool comprising:
- a tool body having a box end, the box end couples the tool body within a bottomhole assembly;
- an electronics insert housing a processor, the electronics insert disposed within the tool body; and
- a connector accessible through the box end, wherein the connector is external of the electronics insert, and wherein the connector removably couples a memory device to the processor within the electronics insert;
- wherein the memory device, coupled to the connector, travels with the tool body into a borehole, and wherein the processor stores data to the memory device while the memory device and tool body are within the borehole.
20. The downhole tool as defined in claim 19 further comprising:
- a receiving device proximate to the tool body; and
- said receiving device coupled to the processor;
- wherein the receiving device receives energy whose properties are indicative of at least one of a formation characteristic and a borehole characteristic, and wherein the data stored to the memory device by the processor is based on the received energy.
21. The downhole tool as defined in claim 20 wherein the receiving device receives acoustic energy.
22. The downhole tool as defined in claim 20 wherein the receiving device receives energy in the form of electromagnetic waves.
23. The downhole tool as defined in claim 20 wherein the receiving device receives energy in the form of gamma radiation.
Type: Application
Filed: Jan 5, 2004
Publication Date: Jul 7, 2005
Applicant: Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. (Houston, TX)
Inventors: John Reed (Porter, TX), Paul Beene (Kingwood, TX), Oscar Rogers (Spring, TX)
Application Number: 10/751,720