Room constructing
A pre-manufactured building structure including at least one building module for providing a temporary or permanent dwelling space. The module includes wall, floor and ceiling members formed from precast concrete and configured for detachable engagement to one another to form an enclosed space. Adjacent wall, floor and ceiling members are spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance. A compliant pad spans this distance to couple adjacent members and accommodate relative movement between the members during transport and after installation of the structure.
This invention relates to pre-manufactured concrete building structures, and more particularly, to building structures which can be attached to and removed from existing structures for repeated use.
BACKGROUNDFor background, reference is made to U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,171,596, 4,275,533, 4,573,292, 4,745,719, 5,265,384, 5,727,353, 5,845,441, and 6,330,771.
SUMMARYThere is a need to provide portable structures to function as school classrooms, office spaces, and/or apartments in a economical and expeditious way. Readily adaptable and configurable building facilities are required to meet the rapidly changing requirements for facilities such as school classrooms. Structures according to the invention are formed from pre-manufactured modules which can be joined in many configurations for serving temporary or long term building needs.
Structures according to the invention can be readily attached to an existing building or serve as a standalone structure. In addition, the structure can be used for a number of years after being delivered to the site. If and when the demographics again change and the additional space afforded by the structure is no longer needed, the structure can be detached and moved to a new site for expansion of a new school facility.
Specifically in school applications, the total lead time from planning through commissioning, to building operation can take more than six years. With typical school expansion projects, an architectural firm will spend substantial efforts to develop and plan structures fitting the classrooms to the particular needs of the school. However, when specifying building modules according to the invention, the time required to plan and build the additional space is minimized. The necessity for numerous site specific shop drawings is also reduced because the specifications of the structure according to the invention are predefined. Through application of structures according to the invention, the delivery time and the costs of construction can be greatly reduced. Architects, engineers and school officials know building dimensions, specifications and costs in advance. Therefore, site specific planning and variability is vastly reduced. The total construction time is reduced because precasting of the building modules can be done concurrent with preparation of the existing school facility and adjacent construction site.
In one aspect according to the invention, a building structure includes at least one building module for providing a temporary or permanent dwelling space, the module including wall, floor and ceiling members formed from reinforced precast concrete. The members are detachably coupled to one another to form an enclosed space, with adjacent members being spaced apart from each other a predetermined distance. A compliant pad spans this distance and couples adjacent members to accommodate relative movement between the members during transport and once the structure is located on the site.
In one embodiment, the compliant pad is a synthetic rubber. In another embodiment, the structure includes a concrete form attached to the ceiling to accommodate fixtures, electrical conduit or suspending ceiling materials. The concrete form can include a channeled layer, such as a composite floor deck ceiling system, including EPICORE® (Epic Metals Corporation, Rankin, Pa.), for example. In another embodiment, the members of the structure are further adapted to detachably engage a second additional building module, comparable to the first module, to form a single larger structure. The modules can be arranged vertically to form a multiple-story building or connected along a horizontal orientation to form a larger single-story structure.
The structure can also include a conduit extending through the members for accommodating building utilities including at least one of plumbing, electrical, heating, ventilating, and air conditioning. The structure can also be adapted for attachment to an preexisting structure. The structure can also include any of number of exterior facade surfaces, such as brick, stone, stucco, or any combination thereof.
According to another aspect, of the invention, a portable pre-manufactured building includes a generally parallelepipal structure for releasable attachment to a pre-existing structure having vertical walls, a horizontal floor, and a horizontal ceiling. The walls and ceilings are formed from cast concrete including reinforcing steel rebar and include a connecting layer disposed between the top of the walls and the ceilings. Wall members can also include at least one conduit for uninterrupted passage of utilities.
In a various embodiments, the connecting substrate is a synthetic rubber, such as neoprene, for example. A channeled layer, such as EPICORE® or equivalent, can be attached to the floor and ceiling members. The members of the structure can be further adapted to detachably engage a second additional structure, comparable to the first structure, to form a single larger structure. The structure can also include a conduit extending through the wall members for accommodating building utilities, including, for example, at least one of plumbing, electrical, heating, ventilating, and air conditioning.
The details of one or more embodiments of the invention are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features, objects, and advantages will be apparent from the detailed description, which refers to the following drawings, in which:
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
Like reference symbols in the various drawings indicate like elements.
DETAILED DESCRIPTIONThis invention relates to a system of pre-manufactured concrete modules that can serve as a freestanding school classroom, expand a preexisting school, apartment units, small office of other commercial space. Construction details permit the option of readily adding exterior facades such as brick, stucco, stone or lapboard, for example, to architecturally blend the new structure with the existing structure. Individual modules can be connected horizontally and/or vertically stacked to form multi-story structures. The room sizes may vary as to need and desire so that the rooms can be versatile and the only thing that will be required is that the room sizes can be engineered economically and safely. The modules forming the building structure can be constructed to withstand hurricanes, rainstorms, windstorms, snowstorms, and if geographic conditions warrant, seismic activity.
For classroom applications, the modules can readily provide additional student capacity when demographic changes require it. The modules can be attached to and integrated with the existing school and not an isolated “portable” style classroom. The modules can be delivered to the construction site and furnished with interior features, desks, chalkboards. The modules can be located to form hallways and bathrooms, for example. In commercial applications, the modules can be arranged in various horizontal and vertical configurations to meet the particular building requirements.
With reference now to the drawings and more particularly to
The module 20 can also include preinstalled windows 30 and doors 32. Cutouts 34 in wall members 24 adjacent the roof members 26 form conduits for continuous piping 36 from one module 20 to another adjacent module, comparable to module 20, or to a preexisting building. The floor, wall, and roof members 22, 24, 26 are cast individually in appropriately sized forms and then joined together as described below. The interior surfaces of the wall members 24 can be covered with drywall or painted plywood. Optional facings 38 can be attached to the exterior surfaces of the wall members 24, such as brick, stone, stucco, or lapboard for example, to conform the building module 20 to the preexisting building to which it can be attached.
Referring to
The structure 40 can serve as a standalone classroom, with interior facilities including blackboards/whiteboards, clocks, closets and cabinetry and desks, for example. As shown in
A representative floor plan shown in
As shown in
Referring now to
The compliant pads 70, 80 can be made from commercially available synthetic rubbers, such as neoprene, for example. Collectively, pad 70, extending along the distance D1, second pad 80 extending between the layer 78 and the flat beam 24, and horizontal gap of distance D2, filled with sealant 72, prevent direct contact between the wall and floor members 22, 24, which accommodates relative moment therebetween for transport and settling while still maintaining sufficient dimensional stability and rigidity of the structure. Referring to
A number of embodiments have been described herein. Other embodiments are within the scope of the following claims.
Claims
1. A premanufactured building structure, the structure comprising:
- a building module for providing a temporary or permanent dwelling space, said module comprising
- wall, floor and ceiling members formed from precast concrete and detachably coupled to one another to form an enclosed space, the adjacent members being spaced apart from each other a predetermined distance; and
- a compliant pad spanning the distance and coupling adjacent members to accommodate relative movement between the members.
2. The structure of claim 1 wherein the compliant pad is a synthetic rubber.
3. The structure of claim 1 further comprising a channeled layer attached to the floor and ceiling membersto accommodate fixtures, electrical conduit or suspending ceilings.
4. The structure of claim 3 wherein the channeled layer comprises a composite floor deck ceiling system.
5. The structure of claim 1 wherein the building module is further adapted to detachably engage a second building module, comparable to said building module, to form a single larger structure.
6. The structure of claim 5 wherein the modules are stacked vertically.
7. The structure of claim 5 wherein the structures are connected along a horizontal orientation.
8. The structure of claim 1 further comprising a conduit extending through the members for building utilities including at least one of plumbing, electrical, heating, ventilating, and air conditioning.
9. The structure of claim 1 adapted for attachment to a preexisting structure.
10. The structure of claim 1 further comprising exterior facade surfaces.
11. The structure of claim 1 wherein the module serves as a school classroom.
12. The structure of claim 1 wherein the module serves as an apartment unit.
13. The structure of claim 1 wherein the module serves as an office space.
14. A first portable pre-manufactured building structure, the structure comprising:
- a generally parallelipepal first structure for releasable attachment to a pre-existing structure having vertical wall, horizontal floor and horizontal ceiling members;
- the walls and ceilings members comprising cast concrete including reinforcing steel rebar;
- a connecting layer disposed between the top of the wall and the ceiling members; the layer comprising neoprene pads and a channeled layer attached thereto; and
- at least one conduit for uninterrupted passage of utilities.
15. The structure of claim 14 wherein the connecting layer is a synthetic rubber.
16. The structure of claim 14 wherein the channeled layer comprises a composite floor deck ceiling system.
17. The structure of claim 14 wherein the exterior surfaces of the first structure are further adapted to detachably engage exterior surfaces of a second additional structure, comparable to said structure, to form a single larger structure.
18. The structure of claim 17 wherein the first and second structures are stacked vertically.
19. The structure of claim 17 wherein the firsthand second structures are connected along a horizontal orientation.
20. The structure of claim 17 further comprising a conduit extending through the members for building utilities including at least one of plumbing, electrical, heating, ventilating, and air conditioning.
Type: Application
Filed: Feb 17, 2004
Publication Date: Sep 1, 2005
Inventor: Wilbur Aaronson (Miami, FL)
Application Number: 10/780,823