Disposable front opening garment with selected pad shapes and locations
A disposable front opening garment made with two superposed overlapped half width segments and pads of different shape located between segments. Other embodiments have pads of different shapes on both segments positioned for different requirements. Pads inside segment assemblies are enclosed with impervious substrates to contain body fluids. Elastic on segment margins form cuffs. Expandable materials, elastic side tapes, and elastic front closaure tape provide girth adjustment. Segment assemblies with enclosed pads are overlapped and bonded together in central areas of the rear panel and not sealed together in the front panel area for a front opening. Embodiments includes cooperating half width pads with wings on each segment, cooperating pads and a pad supporting panel, and a garment for use with a catheter. All embodiments include side margin tapes and a front recloseable tape. The garment is applied by using side closures or as step-in adult garment by using side and front closure tapes for girth adjustment.
This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/303,215 filed Nov. 25, 2002 which application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/286,355 filed Apr. 5, 1999 now U.S. Pat. No. 6,540,730 which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 09/240,900 filed Jan. 29, 1999 now U.S. Pat. No. 6,092,242 which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/889,461 filed Jul. 8, 1997 now U.S. Pat. No. 5,864,890.
FIELD OF THE INVENTIONThis invention relates to a disposable garment made from two half width segments bonded together in the rear panel and not bonded in the front panel for a front opening. The garment is put on by stepping through the leg openings, pulling up, and attaching the front closure tape to define a receptacle for pads of different shape between segments alone, or in combination with cooperating pads located on the inside segment, and other locations to define different embodiments for use as diapers, training pants for children, adult incontinent products, and for feminine hygienic use and undergarments.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIONPresent disposable diapers can be applied in a prone position by folding the front portion around the user's crotch and connecting front and rear garment panels with side tapes. Older children can leave one side tape attached, step into the one completed leg opening, pull the diaper up around the other leg, and attach the other side tape to complete the waist and second leg opening, a procedure not easily accomplished by children or adults using oversized diapers for incontinence.
Training pants include larger sizes, higher absorbency pads, side fastening means, and a monolithic absorbent pad enclosed between a pervious upper sustrate and an impervious lower substrate.
There are two general types; garments where side fasteners remain attached and the garment expands around the waist when applied, and, garments with some expandable waist members and side fastening means such as elasticized tapes or hook and loop connecting tapes.
Some training pants have extensible materials for the garment waist so that side fasteners stay connected while the user steps through one leg openings and, balancing on one leg while the second leg is placed through its leg opening, the garment is pulled up over the torso. A typical garment is described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,358,077 B1.
Other training pants are put on by stepping through one of the leg openings, pulled up, and front and rear portions are connected by attaching the other side fastening member as described by U.S. Pat. No. 6,727,404 B2.
The instant garment including well known elements can be applied in a prone position like a diaper or, with sides connected, put on by stepping through both leg openings before attaching the front closure tape to complete the waist opening with the degree of waist snugness found most comfortable by the user. With elastonmeric substrates for the garment structure, elasic side fastening means, and elastic front closure tape, a wide range of waist adjustment is achieved.
The front opening differs from current diapers, training pants and adult care products by allowing frontal inspection of pads, a front opening for male urination, for front opening of the garment to pull down for male or female toilet use, and a thinner appearance and bulk than current adult incontinent products by using one or more thin pads having super absorbent agents for pads selectively shaped and located for the intended use.
The instant garment is preferably made with two bio-degradeable segments and a separable “self contained” leakproof pad with a plastic bottom enclosure for separation and disposal of non-degradeable and bio-degradeable materials. Because absorbent pads are enclosed within liner and the outer cover sheet, current diapers, training pants, and adult incontinent garments are not separable and the entire garment with integral pad is discarded, exascerbating landfill problems.
Some current adult undergarment products have multiple elastic strands aligned transversely and bonded at spaced intervals for expansion and shirred contraction of the waistband. Expanded over the waist, tension is not adjustable and can exert excessive pressure around the waist.
The instant garment avoids the complication of applying multiple elastic strands by providing elastomeric materials and three elastic tapes for adjustment of the waist opening to the degree of preferred tighness and to avoid complex manufacturing manipulations.
In addition to the pad or cooperating pads described below, the front opening permits use of a supplemental front panel pad for insertion between segments for overnight or occasional heavy fluid incontinent use.
The supplemental pad is only used between segments in the front panel area and can be lightly adhered to one of the surfaces between segments for easy removal and replacement without taking the garment off the user.
Five embodiments for combinations of differemt pad shapes and ;pcations are described below in the summary and description of the invention.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONThe front opening disposable garment is constructed from two similarly shaped half width overlapped segments selectively bonded between segments in the rear to form a unitary rear panel, and not bonded between segments in the front panel to define a front opening. Segments of all embodiments have elastic strands along side margins to shirr and form leg cuffs when the garment is folded. Substrates used for the segments can be nonwovens and/or paper composites.
Within the context of the two segment assembly, substrates can be extensible, one ply, or a two ply laminate depending on the intended use as disposable diapers, training pants, or for adult and feminine use.
As an assembly of two segments, one of which is reinforced along a linear margin, the garment is used a receptacle for enclosed pads of different shapes, locations, and embodiments of the specifications.
The central overlap area between segments is used for pads of different shapes, and adding a coacting pad inside the garment results in two layer absorbency in the central area.
In current products, extra central absorbency requires thicker machine formed absorbent pads versus the addition of separately processed air laid absorbent pads in two separate layers of the instant front opening garment.
Other shaped pads located between segments include a pad with “wings” on the innermost segment cooperating with a pad with “wings” and attached to the overlapped outermost segment to define a combination full width absorbent pad with “wings” in the front and rear panel areas.
In a first embodiment, a first pad assembly is attached to the inside of the outermost segment in the front panel area. The absorbent pad is enclosed between pervious top and impervious bottom substrates sealed around the pad margins to form a leakproof pad assembly. The pad assembly is a discreet ‘fluid recepticle’ and attached in the front panel area without affecting the front opening.
In a second embodiment, the pad assembly is longitudinally extended an sealed around the periphery. The pad plus end seals are proximate the ends of the garment to provide absorbency in the overlap area of both front and rear panels. The pad assembly is bonded to both segments in the rear panel only, and left unbonded in the front panel area.
In a third embodiment, a pad assembly is extended toward the curvilinear margin and attached to the inside of the outermost segment, forming one half of a garment with full width absorbency. A similar pad assembly on the innermost segment is superposed in mirror-image relationship to the other segment, thus forming the other half of a garment with full width absorbency, including two layer absorbency in the central overlap area.. The front opening remains unbonded and functional.
In a fourth embodiment, pads of the above-embodiment are used in conjunction with a third pad attached to a support panel bonded to the innermost segment at the panel ends and having elastic strands at side margins. When the garment is folded the support panel forms a shirred contoured receptacle for supporting absorbent pads or body parts.
This embodiment results in absorbency of the support panel pad plus double fluid absorbency in the central overlap area and full width fecal absorbency in the two overlapped cooperating pads of embodiment 3.
In embodiment 5, a support panel with stretched elastic strands along side margins and a width substantially equal to the overlap width is attached to the innermost segment near both end margins.
When folded for use, side margins of the support panel shirr to form a contoured receptacle for genetalia and the catheter.
A catheter tube advances through an aperture in the support panel and through an aperture in the central overlap area of the inner segment near the front end margin. The catheter tube advances over an absorbent pad attached to the front panel and passes through a centrally located aperture in the crotch region of the outermost segment. The pad absorbes fluid leakage that passes through the support panel.
These and other objectives will be understood from the detailed description when read in conjunction with other embodiments of the drawings.
DEFINITIONSWithin the context of the specification, the definition of terms listed below include the following meaning:
“Garment” refers to the assembled partially overlapped mirror- image first and second segment assemblies.
“Segment assembly” refers to an assembled segment, a V-folded reinforcing strip (s), leg elastic strands, side and front closure, and fastening means. When a segment assembly includes a pad assembly
rhe pad assembly is between to a segment and a liner. When a V-folded str is used along a linear margin of the segment, the liner is bonded to the inside surface of the strip.
“Pad assembly” refers to the assembled absorbent pad and pad enclosing substrates. When a pad assembly is enclosed between a segment and a liner, it becomes part of a segment assembly.
“Extensible” refers to a substrate material that can be elongated by at least 25% of its relaxed length and with release of the applied force will recover at least 50% of its elongation.
“Elastic” or “stretchable” refers to the property of a material or composite by which it tends to recover its original size and shape when an elongating force is removed. The term is used for side tapes and a front closure tape.
“Refastenable” refers to side and front closure fastening means and the ability to detach these means from a cooperating element to which they are attached. Refastenable includes attachment to a release coated area, or other detachable means such as well known hook and loop systems.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
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Segment assemblies 5′, 6′ include half width segments 5, 6, with elastic strands 18, 18′ adjacent curvilinear margins, a V-folded strip 26 folded over the linear margin 11 of at least one segment, an absorbent pad assembly 115 with internal pad 115′ between segment assemblies attached to the first outermost segment 5, and cutaway liner sheets 21, 22.
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The unfolded garment and segment assemblies have a rear panel 2, front panel 3, an intermediate crotch region 4, and extend from rear end margin 7 to front end margin 8.
For use, the garment is folded transversely about line F-F before the free ends R of side fastening means 19,19′ and front closure fastening means 20 are attached to release coated landing areas R1, R2 (shown dashed at the bottom of
With one or both side fastening means attached, the folded garment is worn by “stepping into” the leg openings, pulling the garment over the torso, and fastening the front closure means, all of which are refastenable.
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Side seals 28, 28′ are within overlap area 9 when both segment assemblies are overlapped.
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Adhesive area 25 along the periphery of innermost segment 6 bonds liner 22 (not shown) to segment 6 and covers elastic strands 18 to form segment assembly 6′. Stretched elastic strands 18 are applied in stretched condition and attached to segment 6 at spaced intervals along cutout margin 34.
Side margin tape 19 with refastenable free end R is attached to release coatee landing area R1 (shown dashed) on the outer surface of the front panel when the garment is folded for use.
Underlying pad assembly 115 attached to overlap area 9 of segment 5 is shown dashed.
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A selected adhesive pattern is applied along and between 12, 12′ in the rear panel overlap area 12, 12′ for joining segment assemblies 5′ and 6′ together and form unitary rear panel 2.
Pad assembly 115 has end seals 27 and side seals 28 enclosing internal pad 115′.
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Innermost segment 6, (see upper part of
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Pad assembly 115 includes upper impervious substrate 23 with perforations in area 23′ to make it pervious, and an impervious substrate 24 below pad 115′ to provide a leakproof container with end seals 27 and side seals 28 (not shown).
For side seals see
At the bottom of
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Elastic strands 18′ are attached to segment 5 adjacent a cutout margin, Elastic strands 18 are also attached to segment 6 (see upper left).
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Upper impervious substrate 23 has a perforated pervious area 23′ partially cutaway to show internal pad 115′. Area 23′ is spaced from end margins 16,16′ and side margin 17,17′ to prevent leakage at pad margins.
Embodiment 2 described in
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Pad assembly 215 is between segments and attached to the inside of segment 5.
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Innermost segment 6 is cutaway in two areas. The upper cutaway shows a portion of the top perforated portion 23′ of pad assembly 215. The The lower cutaway of 23′ shows the top surface of internal pad 215′.
Elastic strands 18 are adjacent the crotch area of cutout margin 34 of segment 6. Elastic strands 18′ are adjacent the crotch area of cutout margin 35 of segment 5.
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Elastic side margin tapes 19, 19′ are attached to rear panel 2 of segments 6,5 respectively, and have adhesive coated free ends R for attachment to release coated landing areas R1, R1′ on the front panel.
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Side seals 28, 28′ are located in the central overlap area 9.
Pad assembly 215 has internal pad 215′ enclosed by lower impervious substrate 24 and upper imperevious substrate 23 having a pervious perforated area 23′ in the central area. Perforated area 23′ is spaced from pad ends 16,16′ and sides 17, 17′ to provide a leakproof “pouch” around the perimeter of pad 215′.(similar to
In the rear panel overlap area 9 of
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Liners are bonded to segment peripheries at 25, 25′ as described above.
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Pad 215′ is attached to segment 5 and enclosed by liner 21 to define segment assembly 5′. Segment assembly 6′ includes segment 6, elastic strands 18, and liner 22.
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Front closure tape 20 attached to segment 5 protrudes and attaches to the front of segment 6 to close the front opening 14.
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Pad assembly 316 end seals 27, 27′ and side seals 28, 28′ are spaced a distance 25 from rear margin 7 and front margin 6 and from segment side margins 34, 35.
A cutaway of inside liner 22 shows the perforated pervious portion 623′ of top substrate 623 in pas assembly 316.
Stretched elastic strands 18, are attached at spaced intervals adjacent cutout margins 34.
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Pad assembly 315 end seals 27, 27′ and side seals 28,28; are spaced a distance 25 from rear margin 7, front margin 8, and from side margins 11 and 35.
A cutaway of liner 21 shows pervious area 523′ in the central overlap area but extends into selected “wing” areas 39 as shown in
Stretched elastic strands 18′ are attached at spaced intervals along crotch margin 35.
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In the overlap area of the rear panel, segments 5′, 6′ are bonded within area 12, 12′ (see
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Adhesive within area 12, 12′ (see
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Margin seals 28′, 28′, end seals 27, 27′ and seals adjacent linear margins 11, 11′ (see
Space 25 on 6 and 25′ on segment 5 are adhesively bonded to liners 21, 22.
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Impervious portions of upper substrate 623 and underlying portions of impervious substrate 624 surround margins of three pads to provide a perimeter With two superposed pads, prefix 6 is added for pad substrates in 316, prefix 5 is added for pad assembly 315.
Non-perforated areas of upper substrate 623 are impervious and are bonded together with lower substrate 624 in end seals 27, 27′ and side seals 28, 28′ to form C-shaped impervious margin around pad 316′. The perforated portions extend into selected areas of wings 39.
See
Returning to
Stretched elastic strands 18, 18′ are attached adjacent margins 34, 35 of segments 5, 6. Segment assemblies 5′, 6′ are bonded together in the rear panel overlap area by adhesive 12, 12′ (see
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On outermost segment assembly 5′, space 25′ is between segment cutout margin 35 and pad assembly cutout margin 38.
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Below pad 316, substrate 624 has a pervious area 624′ to allow fluid transmission to the lower coacting pad 315′. Lower pad 315′ is enclosed with an upper impervious substrate 523 having a pervious area 523′. Below pad 315′, substrate 524 is impervious to retain fluids inside the pad assembly.
Pads 315′, 316′ are spaced from ends 7,8, side margins 34, 35, and linear margins 11, 11′ (shown in
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The same description applies to outermost segment 6, segment assembly 6′ pad assembly 316, and liner 22 (not shown).
Side margin tapes 19, 19′, free ends R, landing areas R1, front closure tape 20, free end R, and landing area R2 are described above.
In the support panel 40 of
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Pad 316 is attached to segment 6 at 29′ before being bonded to assembly 5′ by 12 in the rear panel.
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The garment of
With the front panel closed, a supplemental pad 45 with protruding tab 46 is inserted between segments 5, 6 for removal.
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Apertures in components of the completed garment define a catheter path through aperture 49 in support panel 40, through aperture 50 in segment 6, between segment 6 and the surface of pad 515, advancing rearward on the inside surface of pad 515, and passing through aperture 51 in outermost segment 5 to exit the garment.
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Claims
1. A disposable garment having a rear panel on one side of a transverse fold line and a front panel on the other side of the transverse fold line forming an intermediate crotch region, said garment further comprising:
- first outermost and second innermost segments each having a length between rear panel and front panel end margins of the garment and a- width substantially equal to one half the width of the garment plus an amount for overlap between linear margins of the segments,
- the amount of overlap of said first and second segments superposed with each other with the segments in mirror-image orientation to form innermost and outermost segments and a longitudinally extending central area of overlap of said garment,
- said shaped segments including curvilinear cutouts intermediate front and rear panels which define said crotch region there between
- said first and second segments bonded together in the central area of overlap of the rear panel to define a unitary rear panel,
- said first and and second segments unbonded together in the central area of overlap of the front panel to define a front panel opening,
- an absorbent pad superposed with and selectively bonded between said first and second segments,
- said pad having margins spaced from end margins and the side margins of the overlapped segments,
- elastic members attached in a stretched condition at intervals along each garment side margin and contractable within a pre-selected portion between end margins of the garment,
- at least one stretchable elastic side fastening means protruding from the rear panel side margins of the garment for attachment of a protruding refastenable free end to a release coated landing area on each segment of the front panel for closure of said side margins,
- at least one stretchable elastic central closure fastening means with one end attached to the outer front panel surface of the outermost segment and a protruding refastenable free end for attachment to a release coated fanding area on the outer surface of the innermost segment in the front panel of the garment to define said closure means for the front opening.
2. In the garment of claim 1 wherein each segment and a liner sheet are bonded together along the periphery of the segment to form a segment assembly and at least one of said segment assemblies encloses a pad assembly.
3. The garment of claim 1 wherein the absorbent pad is enclosed by impervious substrates sealed together around the pad periphery and having a pervious top surface area extending toward and spaced from pad end and side margins, said pad bonded to and between the outermost segment and an inner liner sheet and attached to said outermost segment to form a segment assembly.
4. The garment of claim 1 wherein the pad between segments extends from near the front panel end margin of the garment to the crotch region and is bonded to the inside of the outermost segment.
5. The garment of claim 1 wherein the pad between segments extends from adjacent the front panel end margin of the garment to adjacent the rear panel end margin of the garment and is bonded to the inside of the outermost segment.
6. The garment of claim 1 wherein the pad between segments is attached to the outermost segment and defines a first pad and said garment further including a mirror-image second pad attached to the inside of the innermost segment.
7. The garment of claim 6 wherein the first and coacting second pads include portions extending from the central area of overlap toward side margins of the front and rear panels.
8. The garment of claim 1 wherein inside liner sheets of substantially similar size and shape as the outermost segment is bonded to end margins and the side margins of the outermost segment to enclose the absorbent pad between the liner and a segment before overlapping and bonding to the innermost segment in the rear panel.
9. The garment of claim 1 wherein the curvilinear side margins of the first and second segments extend transversely beyond end and side margins of the pad between segments.
10. The garment of claim 6 wherein the innermost pad facing the user is enclosed by impervious upper and lower substrates having central pervious areas, is attached to the innermost segment, and the outermost pad facing away from the user is attached to the outermost segment, has a pervious central area in the upper substrate and an impervious lower substrate.
11. The garment of claim 1 wherein the side margin of each segment defining the central area of overlap being linear and a V-folded strip encloses the linear margin of at least one segment.
12. The garment of claim 1 wherein the side fastening means has a length substantially equal to the length of side margins of the front panel and is operatively connectable to the front panel to form waist and leg openings.
13. The garment of claim 1 wherein said side and central closure fastening means are stretchable and each fastening means includes a refastenable portion at the opposite free end for attachment to release coated landing area on the front panel of the garment.
14. The garment of claim 6 further including a third pad attached to a support panel which is secured at its ends to the innermost segment.
15. The garment of claim 4 further including elastic strands attached at intervals along selected portions of the side margins of the support panel
16. The garment of claim I further including a separate supplemental pad inserted between the unbonded portions of segment assemblies in the front panel region and is releaseably attached to one of the unbonded facing surfaces that define the front opening.
17. The garment of claim 6 wherein the outermost segment has an aperture in the central area of overlap in the front panel and the innermost segment has an aperture in the central overlap area of the crotch area of the garment and, said segment bonded in the rear panel central overlap area to the innermost segment having an aperture, said garment further including a support panel with elastic strands along side margins and an aperture, said apertures in said overlapping segments and support panel defining a path for a catheter above an absorbent pad located on the inside of the outermost segment.
18. The garment of claim 17 wherein the pad is secured to the outermost segment only along one underlying longitudinal margin of the pad without further bonding for threading the catheter tube under the absorbent pad.
Type: Application
Filed: Apr 7, 2005
Publication Date: Sep 8, 2005
Inventor: William Niedermeyer (Green Bay, WI)
Application Number: 11/101,200