Green roofing apparatus, system and method
The present invention teaches apparatus, systems and methods for green roofing comprising interlocking and nesting panels on which vegetation can be grown before the system is installed. Systems may be installed on flat or pitched surfaces. The present invention also teaches apparatus, systems and methods for affixing green roofs to a roofing surface and apparatus, systems and methods for the irrigation of green roofs.
The present invention relates to the field of green roofing. More particularly, the invention relates to apparatus, systems and methods for green roofing.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIONGreen roofing involves the installation of green space on the rooftops of buildings and on other structures. A green roof extends the lifespan of traditional roofing materials, reduces building cooling and heating energy costs, manages storm water runoff, improves air quality, and creates a more esthetically pleasing environment.
Notwithstanding the benefits of green roofing, there has been relatively little prior development in the field. A typical green roof includes a waterproof membrane disposed on the surface of a roof, a drainage layer comprising gravel or another suitable material, a filter membrane, growth medium that may be loose or contained, for example, in a mat made of rock wool, and vegetation such as herbs, grasses, mosses, wild plants and flowers, and other plants.
Typically, a green roof is installed directly on the surface of a roof. There are several problems associated with these current technologies. The vegetation of green roofs installed directly on the surface of a roof is typically grown from seed on the roof after the other components of the green roof are installed. This growing period results in increased maintenance costs, loss of growth medium from wind erosion and other natural forces, and delays the realization of benefits from the green roof. Green roofs installed in this fashion are also typically permanent fixtures and, as such, render repairs to the underlying roof very expensive. In addition to these problems, green roofs installed directly on the surface of a roof typically lack water retention means other than those inherent in the vegetation and growth medium. This results in less efficient management of storm water runoff, as well as increasing the maintenance required by the green roof during dry seasons, such as watering.
Thus, there is a need for an improved green roofing apparatus, system, and method.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONIn a broad aspect of the invention, there is provided a roofing panel comprising a carrier having a web with a top portion, an anchor layer positioned adjacent the top portion of the web, and a plurality of water retention compartments formed in the web.
In another broad aspect of the invention the anchor layer is affixed to the top portion of the web.
In another broad aspect of the invention, there is provided a roofing system comprising a plurality of roofing panels installed on an underlying surface. Each of the roofing panels comprises a carrier having a web with a top portion, an anchor layer positioned adjacent the top portion of the web, and a plurality of water retention compartments formed in the web.
In another broad aspect of the invention the anchor layer of each roofing panel of the system is affixed to the to the top portion of the web of the roofing panel.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Reference is first made to
Typically, a system comprising several panels 100 is used to grow vegetation on the roof of a building. Vegetation is grown in anchor layer 106, and water retention compartments 112 serve to store water supplied to the system for consumption by vegetation.
As shown in
Reference is next made to
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Typically, anchor layer 106 is porous sheet of regular or irregular three-dimensional mesh or screen. For example, anchor layer 106 may be a sheet of intertwined fibers, wire, or coated wire. Anchor layer 106 can be made of any suitable material including, but not limited to, plastics such as such as polyester, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, and polypropylene, wires made of metals such as steel and copper, organic materials such as hemp, rockwool, wood fibers, and coconut fibers, and combinations thereof.
Anchor layer 106 may have any dimensions suitable for a particular embodiment. In one embodiment, anchor layer 106 is between 0.1 cm and 20 cm thick.
Carrier 108 can be made of any suitable material including, but not limited to, rubber, and plastics such as polyester, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, carrier 108 is made of a plastic that is sufficiently flexible such that panel 100 can be rolled by hand and cut with hand tools.
Reference is now made to
As shown in
Plastic welding 615 is formed using an plastic injection welder such the Drader Injectiweld manufactured by Drader Injectiweld, Inc. of Edmonton, Canada. In practice, molten plastic such as polyethylene or polypropylene, for example, is injected into holes disposed in anchor layer 606 in fluid communication with carrier 610. Once the plastic has cured, anchor layer 606 and carrier 610 are connected by plastic weld 615.
In some embodiments, carrier 108 is water impermeable and has no drainage means, it can act as a waterproofing layer.
Reference is now made to
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Also shown in
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In another embodiment (not shown) pipe 1220 is a shaped porous mesh. The mesh can be made of any suitable material including, but not limited to, rubbers, plastics and metals.
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Water retention compartments 112 can be any practical size or shape. The volume of a water retention compartment 112 may range from 5 ml to 250 ml.
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Reference is now made to
In this embodiment, anchor layer 2106 and filter 2134 can be affixed to each other and to carrier 2108 by any suitable means including, but not limited to, chemical bonds, heat bonds, and mechanical fasteners such as rivets or stitching, and by plastic welding. Anchor layer 2106 and filter 2134 are positioned on carrier 2108 such that one or more water retention compartments 2112 are left uncovered by anchor layer 2106 and filter 2134.
Filter 2134 may be of any suitable water permeable material that impedes the passage of growth medium 2226 (
Reference is now made to
Panels 2200A and 2200B are connected by interlocking, or nesting, water retention compartments 2212 as described above. Water retention compartments 2212 of panel 2200A are interlocked (or nested) with corresponding water retention compartments 2212 of panel 2200B. As many or as few water retention compartments 2212 may be interlocked (or nested) as are required to securely install green roofing system 2236.
Growth medium 2226 may be any medium suitable for growing vegetation 2240 including, but not limited to, soil, sand, clay, gravel, fertilizer, peat, compost, super-absorbent polymers, and combinations thereof.
Vegetation 2240 includes, but is not limited to, herbs, grasses, mosses, wild plants, wild flowers, other plants, and combinations thereof.
Green roofing system 2236 may be installed on any suitable surface including, but not limited to, flat roofs, pitched roofs, and vertical walls.
In some embodiments (not shown) green roofing system 2236 comprises bubble foil disposed between panel 2200 and underlying surface 2224. Bubble foil acts as an insulator and a vapor barrier. In some embodiments bubble foil is rFOIL marketed by TVM Building Products of Ontario, Canada.
Reference is now made to
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In the embodiment shown in
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An erosion control mesh 2445 is also shown in the embodiment of green roofing system 2436 illustrated in
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A perspective view of another embodiment of green roofing system 2236 according to the present invention is shown in
Also shown in
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Ballast 2756 placed in ballast zone 2758 affixes green roofing system 2736 to underlying surface 2724. Ballast 2756 includes, but is not limited to, gravel, cinder blocks, brick, crushed stone, sand, river-rock, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, edge detail 2744 is affixed to underlying surface 2724 by fasteners 2746 (not shown). In some other embodiments ballast 2756 is placed at various locations on green roofing system 2736.
Reference is now made to
Reference is made to
A cross-sectional view of another embodiment of green roofing system 2236 according to the present invention is shown at 3136 in
A cross-sectional view of another embodiment of green roofing system 2236 according to the present invention is shown at 3236 in
A cross-sectional view of another embodiment of green roofing system 2236 according to the present invention is shown at 3336 in
A cross-sectional view of another embodiment of green roofing system 2236 according to the present invention is shown at 3436 in
A cross-sectional view of another embodiment of green roofing system 2236 according to the present invention is shown at 3536 in
A cross-sectional view of another embodiment of green roofing system 2236 according to the present invention is shown at 3636 in
Reference is now made to
Brackets 4098 are interlocked with panels 4900 and irrigation pipe 4096 is fastened to brackets 4098.
Irrigation pipe 4096 can be made of any suitable material including, but not limited to, rubbers, plastics and metals. Irrigation pipe 4096 has water outlets 40100. Irrigation pipe 4096 can be in any size or shape as design parameters permit.
In one embodiment irrigation pipe 4096 is cylindrical having a diameter between 0.5 cm and 20 cm. In another embodiment irrigation pipe 4096 is a commercially available soaker hose, which allows water to seep out through its outer walls.
Bracket 4098 includes a base 40102 and a clamp 40104. Base 40102 can be made of any suitable material including, but not limited to, rubber and plastics such as polyester, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, and combinations thereof.
Base 40102 is interlocked with panel 4000. Base 40102 has interlocking member 40106. Base 40102 can be interlocked with panel 4000 by pressing interlocking member 40106 into second interlocking member 4030 of water retention compartment 4012. Interlocked base 40102 can be pulled out of water retention compartment 4012. In some embodiments base 40102 and panel 4000 can be interlocked by an interference fit.
Clamp 40104 can be any suitable mechanical fastening means. In some embodiments clamp 40104 is a cable zip-tie. In another embodiment clamp 40104 is a hose clamp.
Reference is now made to
A perspective view of another embodiment of green roofing system 2236 according to the present invention is shown at 3936 in
Additionally a peak attachment adapter 3962 is disposed intermediate carrier 3908 and anchor layer 3906 of panels 3900 abutting at the peak of underlying surfaces 3924A. 3924B, as shown. Peak attachment adapter 3962 is also shown in
Reference is now made to
A cross-sectional view of another embodiment of green roofing system 2236 according to the present invention is shown at 3736 in
Reference is now made to
A perspective view of another embodiment of green roofing system 2236 according to the present invention is shown at 4536 in
The invention has been described with regard to a number of embodiments. However, it will be understood by persons skilled in the art that other variations and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the claims appended hereto.
Claims
1. A roofing panel comprising:
- a carrier having a web with a top portion;
- an anchor layer positioned adjacent the top portion of the web; and
- a plurality of water retention compartments formed in the web.
2. The roofing panel of claim 1 wherein the anchor layer is affixed to the top portion of the web.
3. The roofing panel of claim 1 wherein at least some of the water retention compartments have a volume of at least about 5 ml.
4. The roofing panel of claim 3 wherein at least some of the water retention compartments have a volume of less than about 250 ml.
5. The roofing panel of claim 1 wherein the water retention compartments have a volume of at least about 5 ml.
6. The roofing panel of claim 1 wherein the water retention compartments have a volume of between about 5 ml and about 250 ml.
7. The roofing panel of claim 1 wherein at least some of the water retention compartments have a substantially circular cross-section in a plane parallel to the top surface, and wherein at least some of the water retention compartments have a diameter greater than 1 cm measured at the top surface.
8. The roofing panel of claim 1 wherein a first group of water retention compartments is formed adjacent a first edge of the carrier and a second group of water retention compartments is formed adjacent a second edge of the carrier, and wherein the first group of water retention compartments is configured to nest in the second group of water retention compartments of another such roofing panel.
9. The roofing panel of claim 8 wherein the anchor layer extends over the first group of water retention compartments but does not extend over the second group of water retention compartments.
10. The roofing panel of claim 8 wherein a third group of water retention compartments is formed adjacent a third edge of the carrier and a fourth group of water retention compartments is formed adjacent a fourth edge of the carrier, and wherein the third group of water retention compartments is configured to nest in the fourth group of water retention compartments of another such roofing panel.
11. The roofing panel of claim 10 wherein the anchor layer extends over the first group of water retention compartments but does not extend over the second group of water retention compartments.
12. The roofing panel of claim 1 wherein a first group of water retention compartments is formed adjacent a first edge of the carrier and a second group of water retention compartments is formed adjacent a second edge of the carrier, and wherein the first group of water retention compartments comprise male interlocking means and the second group of water retention compartments comprise female interlocking means, and wherein the first group of water retention compartments is configured to interlock in the second group of water retention compartments of another such roofing panel.
13. The roofing panel of claim 12 wherein a third group of water retention compartments is formed adjacent a third edge of the carrier and a fourth group of water retention compartments is formed adjacent a fourth edge of the carrier, and wherein the third group of water retention compartments comprise male interlocking means and the fourth group of water retention compartments comprise female interlocking means, and wherein the third group of water retention compartments is configured to interlock in the fourth group of water retention compartments of another such roofing panel.
14. The roofing panel of claim 1 wherein drainage means are formed in the carrier.
15. The roofing panel of claim 1 wherein the anchor layer covers at least a portion of the top portion of the web.
16. The roofing panel of claim 1 wherein the anchor layer is affixed directly to the carrier.
17. The roofing panel of claim 1 wherein a porous filter is disposed intermediate the anchor layer and the carrier.
18. The roofing panel of claim 1 wherein the anchor layer is affixed to the carrier by means selected from the group consisting of welds, mechanical fasteners, chemical bonds, and heat bonds.
19. The roofing panel of claim 1 wherein the anchor layer comprises a plurality of fibers forming a porous three dimensional structure.
20. The roofing panel of claim 1 wherein the anchor layer comprises rock wool.
21. The roofing panel of claim 1 further comprising growth medium, wherein the growth medium is disposed in the anchor layer.
22. The roofing panel of claim 1 further comprising vegetation, wherein the vegetation comprises roots, and wherein the roots are disposed in the anchor layer.
23. A roofing system comprising:
- a plurality of roofing panels installed on an underlying surface,
- wherein each of the roofing panels comprises a carrier having a web with a top portion, an anchor layer positioned adjacent the top portion of the web, and a plurality of water retention compartments formed in the web.
24. The roofing system of claim 23 wherein the anchor layer of each roofing panel is affixed to the to the top portion of the web of the roofing panel.
25. The roofing system of claim 23 wherein each a first roofing panel includes a first group of water retention compartments formed adjacent a first edge of the carrier of the first roofing panel and a second roofing panel includes a second group of water retention compartments formed adjacent a second edge of the carrier of the second roofing panel, and wherein the first group of water retention compartments is configured to nest in the second group of water retention compartments.
26. The roofing system of claim 23 wherein each of at least two of the roofing panels includes a first group of water retention compartments formed adjacent a first edge of the carrier and a second group of water retention compartments formed adjacent a second edge of the carrier, and wherein the first group of water retention compartments is configured to nest in the second group of water retention compartments of another such roofing panel.
27. The roofing system of claim 26 wherein each of the at least two of the roofing panels comprises a third group of water retention compartments formed adjacent a third edge of the carrier and a fourth group of water retention compartments formed adjacent a fourth edge of the carrier, and wherein the third group of water retention compartments is configured to nest in the fourth group of water retention compartments of another such roofing panel.
28. The roofing system of claim 23 wherein at least one roofing panel comprises a first group of water retention compartments formed adjacent a first edge of the carrier and a second group of water retention compartments formed adjacent a second edge of the carrier, and wherein the first group of water retention compartments comprise male interlocking means and the second group of water retention compartments comprise female interlocking means, and wherein the first group of water retention compartments is configured to interlock in the second group of water retention compartments of another such roofing panel.
29. The roofing system of claim 23 further comprising a connective carrier having a first group of water retention compartments and second group of water retention compartments wherein at least part of the carrier of a first roofing panel is nested in the first group of water retention compartments and at least part of the carrier of a second roofing panel is nested in the second group of water retention compartments.
30. The roofing system of claim 28 wherein the at least one roofing panel comprises a third group of water retention compartments formed adjacent a third edge of the carrier and a fourth group of water retention compartments formed adjacent a fourth edge of the carrier, and wherein the third group of water retention compartments comprise male interlocking means and the fourth group of water retention compartments comprise female interlocking means, and wherein the third group of water retention compartments is configured to interlock in the fourth group of water retention compartments of another such roofing panel.
31. The roofing system of claim 23 further comprising fasteners, wherein the fasteners couple at least a first roofing panel to a second roofing panel.
32. The roofing system of claim 23 further comprising an edge detail and fasteners, wherein the edge detail borders at least a portion of at least one roofing panel, and wherein a first set of fasteners couples the edge detail to the underlying surface.
33. The roofing system of claim 32 wherein a second set of fasteners couples at least one roofing panel to the edge detail.
34. The roofing system of claim 23 further comprising irrigation means for providing water to at least a portion of the roofing system.
35. The roofing system of claim 23 wherein drainage means are formed in the carrier of at least one roofing panel.
36. The roofing system of claim 23 wherein the anchor layer covers at least a portion of the top portion of the web of at least one roofing panel.
37. The roofing system of claim 23 wherein the anchor layer is affixed directly to the carrier of at least one roofing panel.
38. The roofing system of claim 23 wherein a porous filter is disposed intermediate the anchor layer and the carrier of at least one roofing panel.
39. The roofing system of claim 23 wherein the anchor layer is affixed to the carrier of at least one roofing panel by means selected from the group consisting of welds, mechanical fasteners, chemical bonds, and heat bonds.
40. The roofing system of claim 23 wherein the anchor layer of at least one roofing panel comprises a plurality of fibers forming a porous three dimensional structure.
41. The roofing system of claim 23 wherein the anchor layer of at least one roofing panel comprises rock wool.
42. The roofing system of claim 23 further comprising vegetation, wherein the vegetation comprises roots, and wherein the roots are at least partially disposed in the anchor layer of at least one roofing panel.
43. The roofing system of claim 42 further comprising an erosion control mesh covering position where an erosion control mesh covers at least one roofing panel.
44. The roofing system of claim 23 wherein at least some of the roofing panels comprise a growth medium disposed in the anchor layer of such roofing panels.
45. The roofing system of claim 44 further comprising vegetation, wherein the vegetation comprises roots, and wherein the roots are at least partially disposed in the growth medium of at least some of the roofing panels.
46. The roofing system of claim 42 further comprising an erosion control mesh covering position where an erosion control mesh covers at least one roofing panel.
47. The roofing system of claim 23 further comprising a substrate sock positioned on one or more roofing panels, wherein the substrate sock contains a growth medium.
48. The roofing system of claim 23 further comprising a peak attachment adapter for receiving the carrier of a roofing panel.
49. The roofing system of claim 48 wherein the peak attachment adapter has a top flap, a bottom flap and a centre portion that define a cavity for receiving the carrier of a roofing panel and wherein the bottom flap is capable of attachment to the underlying surface.
50. The roofing system of claim 48 wherein the peak attachment means has a first cavity for receiving the carrier of a first roofing panel and a second cavity for receiving the carrier of a second roofing panel, and wherein the peak attachment means is flexible to allow the first roofing panel to sit on a first underlying surface and to allow the second roofing panel to sit on a second underlying surface.
51. The roofing system of claim 50 wherein the first underlying surface is at an angle to the second underlying surface.
52. The roofing system of claim 51 wherein the first cavity is defined by a first top flap, a first bottom flap and a centre portion and the second cavity is defined by a second top flap, a second bottom flop and the centre portion and wherein the peak attachment means is flexible adjacent said centre portion.
Type: Application
Filed: Feb 11, 2005
Publication Date: Oct 20, 2005
Inventors: Greg Garner (Burford), Keith Ardron (Guelph), Neil Sisler (Brantford), Kaaren Pearce (Burford)
Application Number: 11/055,630