Helmet
A helmet that ventilates a user's head more efficiently. The relative movement of the helmet to air in the environment creates an airflow that enters intake openings designed to allow increased amounts of airflow into the helmet. The intake openings are positioned on an inclined plane near a user's forehead such that the intake openings extend upwardly and outwardly away from a user's eyes, thereby reducing the impact of a larger intake opening on the user's field of vision. Inside the intake openings, air is collected in a plenum and then guided into air channels leading into the head cavity. The air channels direct the airflow throughout the head cavity allowing the fresh air from the environment to exchange heat and perspiration from a user's head and are designed to inhibit obstruction of the air channels by the liner. Air channels also direct airflow to an exhaust such that the airflow can remove heat and perspiration from the helmet cavity and the helmet surface adjacent the exhaust is contoured to facilitate removal of air from the helmet. The liner is designed for easier installation and replacement.
The present application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/558241, filed Mar. 31, 2004.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to head protection for operators or riders of motorized vehicles.
2. Description of the Related Art
Use of head protection is often recommended and sometimes required by law while operating motorized vehicles, such as when riding a motorcycle. Helmets are available in a variety of styles but the principle design consideration for all helmets is protection from serious head injuries during accidents.
Generally, motorcycle helmets that comply with the safety standards include a thin, hard outer shell and an impact-absorbing, thicker inner shell made of a rigid foam, such as Expanded Polystyrene (“EPS”). While some prior art motorcycle helmets meet the safety standards and provide protection against head injuries, prior art motorcycle helmets are uncomfortable for a number of reasons. For many years, motorcycle riders have complained about the heat retention properties of today's helmets. Especially for riders in warm climates, motorcycle helmets become very uncomfortable as they trap heat around a person's head. The problem of heat retention in helmets is amplified for off-road motorcycle riders, who often enjoy riding in desert settings, by the vigorous, athletic exertions involved in the sport. Not only does the heat retention in today's helmets causes excessive perspiration from the heads of riders, it can lead to heat exhaustion, limiting the length of time a rider can enjoy off-road riding.
Some helmets on the market today have tried to address these problems with ventilation holes formed through the outer shell and EPS layer for the apparent purpose of allowing air into the head cavity. These holes are often ineffective because they simply do not allow enough air into the head cavity to provide significant cooling to the user.
Some helmets on the market today offer helmets with air intake scoops at the top of the helmet's eye opening. The scoops are intended catch air and direct it into the head cavity. Unfortunately, these air scopes typically have very small openings, often about ⅛ inch or ¼ inch, and therefore catch very little air and are similarly less effective in flowing cooling air into the head cavity.
Further, today's helmets have limited air flow within the helmet itself. In particular, helmets on the market today have small channels that are easily occluded by the liner. Moreover, the channels are often formed in such a manner that continuous air flow through the channels is disrupted. As such, these helmets have less effective channeling systems such that any air that does enter the head cavity simply cannot create the airflow needed to adequately cool a user's head.
Furthermore, today's helmets are not very effective in removing heated air and perspiration from the head cavity. Most helmets on the market today have small exhaust openings that are not particularly effective in permitting the air from the inside of the helmet to be removed.
Additional problems with today's helmets relate to the helmet liners included in helmets as a soft cushion between a user's head and the helmet's impact absorbing layer. The liners in today's helmets are often pressed against the impact absorbing layer by a user's head such that the liner impedes, or sometimes even blocks, airflow in the head cavity. This problem is amplified when the liner becomes saturated with sweat as a wet liner will adhere to the impact absorbing layer and allow even less air through an air channel than a dry liner. Further, a sweat saturated liner is uncomfortable against a riders head.
While liners are typically removable and replaceable, poor design of today's liners makes removal and replacement inconvenient. Helmet liners on the market today include a series of ears with holes in the middle designed to mate with clips within helmet's shell. The clips on today's helmets are hidden within plastic molding around the helmet's eye opening and have a small circular protrusion that a user must mate with the hole in the liner's ear. Because the clips are hidden within the molding, the user must probe the ears under the molding and blindly match the hole to the protrusion. This design makes replacing a helmet liner a time consuming and bothersome chore.
In sum, today's helmets are not very effective in addressing the problem of heat retention associated with helmets. The problem of heat retention in helmets often leads riders to loosen the fit of their helmets or even remove their helmets while riding, thereby defeating the safety function. Considering the shortcomings in prior art helmets, there exists a need for a helmet that is better at capturing air from the environment and introducing it into the interior of the helmet. Further, there is a need for a helmet that allows better airflow through the head cavity, and exhausts heated air and perspiration to the environment more efficiently. Moreover, there exists a need for a helmet with a liner that is less likely to obstruct airflow within the head cavity and that can be replaced quickly and easily.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONThe aforementioned needs are satisfied by the helmet of the present invention which in one aspect comprises a helmet having an inner and an outer surface that is sized so as to encompass the head of the operator. The outer protective shell defines an eye opening that is positioned proximate the operator's eyes when the operator is wearing the helmet. The outer protective shell also defines at least one exhaust opening located adjacent the back of the head of the operator when the operator is wearing the helmet.
In this aspect, the helmet further comprises an inner protective layer that is positioned inward of the outer protective shell so as to substantially cover the inner surface of the outer protective shell. The inner protective layer includes a plurality of air channels extending from the at least one intake positioned adjacent the opening in the eye opening to the exhaust openings. In this aspect, the at least one input is formed in the inner protective layer such that the plane of the intake opening has a component that is perpendicular to the direction of travel of the operator such that the air is injected into the plurality of channels as a result of the operator traveling in the direction of travel.
Since the at least one opening is formed in the eye opening, the opening can be quite large and capable of gathering a substantial amount of air. Moreover, since the at least one opening has a component that is perpendicular to the direction of travel, air can be injected into the channels at a relatively high rate of speed thereby improving air flow through the helmet.
In another aspect of the invention, an intake plenum is formed on the intake surface of the helmet. The intake plenum in one embodiment is comprised of a plurality of openings formed along the eye opening so as to be able to gather air for subsequent delivery into the channels. The use of such an intake plenum results in better air flow through the helmet.
In another aspect of the invention, the helmet further comprises a liner that is interposed between the inner protective layer and the operator's head. The liner is preferably inhibited from being pushed into the channels at a position proximate the user's forehead when the user is wearing the helmet so as to allow for better air flow through the channels. Moreover, the liner is attached, in one aspect, to the helmet via attachment tabs that are sized so as to be positioned within mating openings. The attachment tabs include a surface that is perpendicular to the plane of the attachment tab that mates with a mating surface in the helmet. Hence, the liner can be positioned within the helmet and secured therein more easily as a result of the tabs being mated with the openings.
In yet another aspect of the invention, the outer shell of the helmet defines a first air flow surface and a second air flow surface wherein the air flows over the second surface at a slower rate than the first surface. The exhaust openings are, in this aspect, preferably positioned on the second surface immediately adjacent the interface with the first surface such that a relative vacuum is formed adjacent the exhaust openings to thereby facilitate removal of the air. In this aspect, air flow through the helmet is enhanced as a result of the relative vacuum.
Hence, from the foregoing, the design of the helmet in each of these aspects is adapted to facilitate air flow through the helmet. As such, the user is provided with greater cooling than with prior art helmets. These and other objects and advantages will become more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGSThe present invention is illustrated by way of example, and not by way of limitation, in the figures of the accompanying drawings. A part that appears in more than one drawing is in many instances identified by the same reference numeral throughout the drawings to facilitate cross-reference among the various views represented. In some of the Figures, for improved clarity of presentation, not all of the parts that appear in the figure are identified by their respective numerals.
Reference will now be made to the drawings wherein like numerals refer to like parts throughout.
As illustrated in
When the helmet is worn by an operator, the eye opening perimeter 112 and skull protection section 117 generally meet at a location near the operator's forehead, slightly above the operator's eyes. The eye opening perimeter 112 and chin protector 119 generally meet at a location slightly below the operator's nose. In this orientation, the eye opening 110 is approximately the same shape as typical eye goggles worn by many operators of motorized vehicles, such that typical goggles substantially cover the exposed portion of an operator's face, with the exception of the nose, and generally substantially occupy the eye opening. In this arrangement, intake openings 120 generally spaced along an eye opening surface 131 of an inner protective layer 104 adjacent the forehead member 116 are generally above a user's goggles and not obstructed by a user's goggles. As will be discussed below, this arrangement can help direct airflow to the intake openings 120.
The skull protection section 117 is integrally formed of a rigid material such as plastic, fiberglass, carbon fiber, and/or Kevlar and is sized so as to cover substantially the skull of the user. As will be described in greater detail hereinbelow, the skull protection section 117 defines an upper air flow surface 121 and a lower air flow surface 123 with an interface comprising a raised ridge 125. The air flow surfaces 121 and 123 along with the interface 125 assist in removing air from the interior of the helmet 100 in the manner that will be described in greater detail hereinbelow.
The inner protective layer 104 shown in
Air channels 124 are formed on a second surface 107 of the inner protective layer 104. At least one of the air channels 124 extends along the curved second surface 107 from a location at or near the forehead member 116, e.g., initiating at the eye opening surface 131 to a location preferably near the rear of an operator's skull. A plurality of air channels 124 can be included with more than one extending from the forehead member 116. One or more optional plenum 134, formed on the eye opening surface 131 of the inner protective layer 104, are also shown in
Considering the front view shown in
The plenum 134 of some preferred embodiments also includes a transition corner 136 that is optionally rounded, creating a relatively smooth corner between the plenums 134 and the air channels 124. This rounded transition 136 provides a less abrupt change to the direction of the airflow as it moves from the plenum 134 to the air channels 124. In embodiments that do not include a plenum 134, the rounded transition 136 may be positioned on the air channels 124 between the intake opening 120 and the air channels 124.
In the arrangement shown in
Directing the airflow in the air channels is similarly assisted by side walls 140 in the air channels 124, shown in
Referring now to
Referring again to
As shown in
The airflow within the helmet 100 will now be described in reference to
As the airflow continues through the air channels 124 toward the exhaust openings 114, the fresh air combines with perspiration and air warmed by an operator's head within the head cavity. In embodiments in which the side walls 140 taper, the tapering allows some lateral movement of airflow and further facilitates the interchange of air from the environment with heated air and perspiration. This interchange of air increases the comfort of a user by removing perspiration and heat from a user's head. Similarly, airflow through the channels 124 may also serve to remove perspiration and heat from the liner 132, providing further comfort to users. The exhaust openings 114 located behind a user's head assist in removing the heated air and perspiration. The exhaust function will be discussed in more detail below.
The liner attachment member 148 includes a main section 157 that has a cross-section which matches the cross section of the U-shaped recess 152. At one end of the main section 157, a flanged protrusion 154 is attached. The flanged protrusion 154 preferably has a cross sectional area that is greater than the opening 146 but is formed of a deformable material such as plastic.
In operation, the flanged protrusion is positioned adjacent the opening 146 in the recess 152 and the flanged protrusion is forced through the opening thereby elastically deforming the flanged protrusion 157. The rear surface 156 of the main section 157 of the liner attachment member 148 is urged passed the tab 151, which is preferably made of an elastically deformable material e.g., plastic, such that the main body 157 is flushly positioned within the recess 152 when the flanged protrusion 154 is inserted through the opening 146.
Hence, both the engagement between the flanged protrusion 154 and the inner surface of the wall 153 and the tab 151 securely retain interconnection between the liner 126 and the intake covering 130. However, the use of deformable elastic material allows disengagement between the liner member 148 and the receiver structure 145 by pulling with sufficient force to deform the flange protrusion 154 sufficiently to extract it out of the opening 146 and also with sufficient force to simultaneously deform the tab 151 to remove the main body 157 from the recess 152.
As is illustrated in
Movement of the helmet during operation of a motorized vehicle also creates airflow against and around the outer shell 102. The upper airflow surface 121 will experience airflow at a first flow rate X and the lower airflow surface 123 will experience airflow at a second flow rate Y. Generally, the first flow rate X will be greater than the second flow rate Y. The difference between the second flow rate Y and the first flow rate X creates an area 171 of decreased pressure near the interface 125 of the airflow surfaces 121 and 123. In one aspect of the invention, exhaust openings 114 are positioned at or near the interface 125 such that the exhaust openings 114 experience a vacuum from the area of decreased pressure 171. In this arrangement, air is drawn from within the exhaust plenum 118 (
Hence, from the foregoing, it will be appreciated that the helmet is better adept at circulating air through the interior to cool the user when riding. The openings to allow the air in are larger due at least in part to their placement on the exposed angled edge of the inner protective layer at the eye opening. Moreover, the use of plenums greatly facilitates gathering of air to increase airflow through the channels and this air flow is less likely to be impeded by the liner as the channels are better protected. The air is more easily removed due to the configuration of the outer shell of the helmet and the placement of the exhaust opening.
Advantageously, the liner is also easier to remove for cleaning and replacement purposes. Thus, the illustrated embodiment of the helmet represents an improvement over helmets of the prior art in a number of different manners.
Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have shown, described and pointed out the fundamental novel features of the invention as applied to those embodiments, it will be understood that various omissions, substitutions and changes in the form of the detail of the device illustrated may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Consequently, the scope of the invention should not be limited to the foregoing description but should be defined by the appended claims.
Claims
1. A safety helmet for operators of motorized vehicles, the helmet comprising:
- an outer protective shell having an inner and an outer surface that is sized so as to encompass the head of the operator wherein the outer protective shell defines a eye opening that is positioned proximate the operator's eyes when the operator is wearing the helmet and wherein the outer protective shell defines at least one exhaust opening located adjacent the back of the head of the operator when the operator is wearing the helmet;
- an inner protective layer positioned inward of the outer protective shell so as to substantially cover the inner surface of the outer protective shell wherein the inner protective layer includes a plurality of air channels extending from at least one intake positioned adjacent the opening in the eye opening to the exhaust openings wherein the at least one intake is formed in the inner protective layer such that the plane of the intake opening has a component that is perpendicular to the direction of travel of the operator such that air is injected into the plurality of channels as a result of the operator travelling in the direction of travel.
2. The helmet of claim 1, further comprising a liner that is attached to the inner protective layer.
3. The helmet of claim 2, wherein the air channels are formed in an inner surface of the inner protective layer such that the liner is positioned proximate to the liner so that air travelling through the air channels cool the liner.
4. The helmet of claim 3, further comprising at least one channel members extending across the plurality of channels at a location adjacent the forehead of the operator such that the at least one channel member inhibits the liner from entering the channel at a location adjacent the forehead of the operator to thereby occlude air flow.
5. The helmet of claim 1, wherein the inner protective layer and the outer shell define at the eye opening an intake surface which is in fluid communication with the plurality of air channels.
6. The helmet of claim 5, wherein the intake surface extends across substantially the entire width of the eye opening.
7. The helmet of claim 5, wherein a portion of the inner protective layer adjacent the intake surface is removed so as to define an intake plenum wherein air can be accumulated prior to travelling through the plurality of air channels.
8. The helmet of claim 7, wherein five air channels are spaces approximately ¾ inch apart
9. The helmet of claim 1, wherein the outer shell defines a first air flow surface wherein air flows over the first air flow surface at a first rate and a second air flow surface wherein air flows over the second air flow surface at a second rate less than the first rate and wherein the exhaust openings are positioned on the second air flow surface immediately adjacent the interface with the first air flow surface such that a relative vacuum is formed immediately adjacent the exhaust openings in the outer shell to thereby facilitate removal of air from the plurality of air channels.
10. A safety helmet for operators of motorized vehicles, the helmet comprising:
- an outer protective shell having an inner and an outer surface that is sized so as to encompass the head of the operator wherein the outer protective shell defines an eye opening that is positioned proximate the operator's eyes when the operator is wearing the helmet and wherein the outer protective shell defines at least one exhaust opening located adjacent the back of the head of the operator when the operator is wearing the helmet;
- an inner protective layer positioned inward of the outer protective shell so as to substantially cover the inner surface of the outer protective shell wherein the inner protective layer includes a plurality of air channels formed in an inner surface of the inner protective layer with at least one of the channels extending from at least one intake opening to the at least one exhaust opening;
- a liner positioned between the inner protective layer and an operator's head when wearing the helmet and a channel member positioned between the liner and the channels to inhibit the liner from entering the channels to inhibit air flow.
11. The helmet of claim 10, wherein the at least one intake opening is formed in the inner protective layer and positioned adjacent to the eye opening, having an intake plane forming a generally upward angle with respect to the direction of travel of the operator such that air enters the intake as a result of the operator moving in the direction of travel.
12. The helmet of claim 10, further comprising at least one plenum positioned between the at least one intake and the at least one air channel such that air passing through the intake can accumulate in the plenum.
13. The helmet of claim 10, wherein the outer shell defines a first air flow surface wherein air flows over the first air flow surface at a first rate and a second air flow surface wherein air flows over the second air flow surface at a second rate less than the first rate and wherein the exhaust openings are positioned on the second air flow surface immediately adjacent an interface between the first air flow surface and the second air flow surface such that a relative vacuum is formed immediately adjacent the exhaust openings in the outer shell to thereby facilitate removal of air from the plurality of air channels.
14. The helmet of claim 13, wherein the first airflow surface includes a raised portion positioned at the interface of the first airflow surface and the second airflow surface designed to exaggerate the difference between the first airflow rate and the second airflow rate.
15. The helmet of claim 10, further comprising a detachable retention mechanism for securing the liner in the interior of the helmet, the detachable retention mechanism comprising:
- at least one opening extending in a direction that is generally parallel to a perimeter of the eye opening wherein the at least one opening defines a recess with at least one blocking surface that is generally normal to a plane of the at least one opening;
- at least one tab having a main body and an engagement surface extending therefrom, wherein the main body is sized so as to be positioned in the recess defined by the opening such that the engagement surface of the tab engages with the blocking surface of the at least one opening so as to inhibit removal of the tab from the opening to maintain the liner in an engaged position with the helmet wherein the tab is deformable such that the tab can be deformed so as to disengage the engagement surface from the blocking surface to permit the tab to be removed from the opening to facilitate removing the liner from the helmet.
16. A safety helmet for operators of motorized vehicles, the helmet comprising:
- an outer protective shell having an inner and an outer surface that is sized so as to encompass the head of the operator wherein the outer protective shell defines a eye opening that is positioned proximate the operator's eyes when the operator is wearing the helmet and wherein the outer protective shell defines at least one exhaust opening located adjacent the back of the head of the operator when the operator is wearing the helmet;
- an inner protective layer positioned inward of the outer protective shell so as to substantially cover the inner surface of the outer protective shell wherein the inner protective layer includes a plurality of air channels extending from at least one intake positioned adjacent the opening in the eye opening to the exhaust openings,
- and wherein the outer shell defines a first air flow surface wherein air flows over the first air flow surface at a first rate and a second air flow surface wherein air flows over the second air flow surface at a second rate less than the first rate and wherein the exhaust openings are positioned on the second air flow surface immediately adjacent the interface with the first air flow surface such that a relative vacuum is formed immediately adjacent the exhaust openings in the outer shell to thereby facilitate removal of air from the plurality of air channels.
17. The helmet of claim 16, wherein the outer shell includes a generally lateral protrusion in a rear portion of the outer surface of the outer shell positioned between the first airflow surface and the second airflow designed to exaggerate the difference between the first rate and the second rate.
18. A safety helmet for operators of motorized vehicles, the helmet comprising:
- an outer protective shell having an inner and an outer surface that is sized so as to encompass the head of the operator wherein the outer protective shell defines a eye opening that is positioned proximate the operator's eyes when the operator is wearing the helmet and wherein the outer protective shell defines at least one exhaust opening located adjacent the back of the head of the operator when the operator is wearing the helmet;
- an inner protective layer positioned inward of the outer protective shell so as to substantially cover the inner surface of the outer protective shell wherein the inner protective layer includes a plurality of air channels formed in an inner surface of the inner protective layer with at least one of the channels extending from at least one intake opening to the at least one exhaust opening;
- a liner including a liner retention mechanism for securing the liner in the interior of the helmet, the detachable retention mechanism comprising:
- at least one opening extending in a direction that is generally parallel to a perimeter of the eye opening wherein the at least one opening defines a recess with at least one blocking surface that is generally normal to a plane of the at least one opening;
- at least one tab having a main body and an engagement surface extending therefrom, wherein the main body is sized so as to be positioned in the recess defined by the opening such that the engagement surface of the tab engages with the blocking surface of the at least one opening so as to inhibit removal of the tab from the opening to maintain the liner in an engaged position with the helmet wherein the tab is deformable such that the tab can be deformed so as to disengage the engagement surface from the blocking surface to permit the tab to be removed from the opening to facilitate removing the liner from the helmet.
19. The helmet of claim 18 wherein the at least one tab has a generally trapezoidal cross section.
Type: Application
Filed: Mar 29, 2005
Publication Date: Dec 22, 2005
Inventor: Troy Lee (Corona, CA)
Application Number: 11/092,442