Hydrocarbon refrigeration system with convection channel
A refrigeration system including a cabinet having an outer wall defining an insulated interior, an inner wall, and an insulative material disposed between the outer and inner walls. A cooling system is disposed in a space beneath the cabinet and cools the insulated interior. A convection channel is disposed between the outer and inner walls and extends and communicates air from an area outside an upper portion of the cabinet to the space beneath the cabinet. The channel is positioned within about 1.905 cm from the inner wall. The channel may have a plurality of different widths and may include a thermal bridge extending from the inner wall to the channel. The channel may include a primary branch extending from the upper portion of the cabinet to a junction point and a plurality of secondary branches extending from the junction point to a plurality of locations beneath the cabinet.
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to refrigeration systems, particularly refrigeration systems that use hydrocarbon refrigerants and means for venting hydrocarbon refrigerant leaks.
2. Description of the Related Art
Refrigerators commonly include an insulated cabinet, the interior of which is cooled by a cooling system. The cooling system is typically disposed within a housing, which is located beneath or behind the cabinet. The cooling system generally includes a compressor; a condenser fluidly connected to the compressor; and an evaporator fluidly connected to both the compressor and the condenser and in thermal communication with the interior of the cabinet. In operation, a refrigerant gas enters the compressor where it is compressed under high pressure. The compressed refrigerant gas then flows to the condenser where it is cooled in a series of coils and is condensed into a liquid. The liquid refrigerant then flows to the evaporator where the liquid refrigerant absorbs heat from the interior of the cabinet, thereby cooling the interior and converting the refrigerant liquid back to a gas. The refrigerant gas then flows back to the compressor where the cycle is repeated. A fan is typically incorporated in the cooling system to cool the compressor and force air through the condenser coils.
An effective refrigerant should be capable of readily evaporating at low temperatures and compressing at high pressure without decomposing. Consequently, compounds that are ideal for use as refrigerants are stable compounds having low evaporation temperatures. In the past, CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons) have been used as refrigerants. However, it is believed that CFCs are harmful to the environment and, as a result, hydrocarbon refrigerants, such as propane and isobutanes, have been used in place of CFCs. Unfortunately, hydrocarbon refrigerants have a Low Flammability Limit, which means that even a small hydrocarbon refrigerant leak in the housing could result in a build up of hydrocarbon refrigerant to a concentration level above the Low Flammability Limit. A concentration of hydrocarbon refrigerant above the Low Flammability Limit is sufficient to trigger an explosion in the presence of oxygen and a flame or spark.
If a hydrocarbon refrigerant leak occurs while the fan is running, the hydrocarbon refrigerant is, to some degree, flushed from the housing by the fan. However, the fan typically does not run when the temperature in the interior of the cabinet is within a specified range. If a hydrocarbon refrigerant leak occurs when the fan is off, the hydrocarbon refrigerant concentration can accumulate in the housing to a level exceeding the Low Flammability Limit, thereby creating favorable combustion conditions.
Attempts have been made to prevent hydrocarbon refrigerant leaks by reducing the number of joints in the condenser, where leaks are most likely to occur. In addition, the operating pressure may be reduced in an effort to prevent hydrocarbon refrigerant leaks. Attempts have also been made to develop systems for detecting hydrocarbon refrigerant leaks. Such systems may monitor the thermal dynamic parameters of the system and/or the electrical consumption of the compressor, or may sense the molecules of hydrocarbon refrigerant in the air. Despite these attempts, a need remains for a system that ventilates the cooling system area to effectively flush, dissipate and dilute hydrocarbon refrigerant leaks from the housing area.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONThe present invention provides a refrigeration system including a cabinet having an outer wall, an inner wall defining an insulated interior, and an insulative material disposed between the outer and inner walls. A cooling system is disposed in a space beneath the cabinet and cools the insulated interior of the cabinet. A convection channel is disposed between the outer and inner walls and extends from an area outside an upper portion of the cabinet to the space beneath the cabinet. The channel communicates air from the area outside the upper portion of the cabinet to the space beneath the cabinet to vent the cooling system.
The present invention also provides a refrigeration system including a cabinet having an outer wall, an inner wall defining an insulated interior, and an insulative material disposed between the outer and inner walls; a cooling system disposed in a space outside a lower portion of the cabinet for cooling the insulated interior of the cabinet; and a convection channel disposed between the outer and inner walls. The channel is spaced apart from the inner wall and extends from an area outside an upper portion of the cabinet to the space outside the lower portion of the cabinet. The channel communicates air from the area outside the upper portion of the cabinet to the space outside the lower portion the cabinet to vent the cooling system. The refrigeration system also includes at least one thermal bridge extending from the inner wall of the cabinet to the channel.
In addition, the present invention provides a refrigeration system including a cabinet having an outer wall, an inner wall defining an insulated interior, and an insulative material disposed between the outer and inner walls; a cooling system disposed in a space outside a lower portion of the cabinet for cooling the insulated interior of the cabinet; and a convection channel disposed between the outer and inner walls and extending from an area outside an upper portion of the cabinet to the space outside the lower portion of the cabinet. The channel includes a plurality of widths, each of which decreases in size as the channel extends from the upper portion of the cabinet to the lower portion of the cabinet. The channel communicates air from the area outside the upper portion of the cabinet to the space outside the lower portion the cabinet to vent the cooling system.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGSThe above-mentioned and other features and objects of this invention, and the manner of attaining them, will become more apparent and the invention itself will be better understood by reference to the following description of embodiments of the invention taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
The embodiments hereinafter disclosed are not intended to be exhaustive or limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed in the following description. Rather the embodiments are chosen and described so that others skilled in the art may utilize its teachings.
Referring first to
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In operation, cool ambient air from outside upper portion 22 of cabinet 12 sinks into channel 26 where it is further cooled by nearby interior 20. As the air within channel 26 cools, its density increases. The dense cool air in channel 26 overcomes the warm buoyant air from space 41, thereby forming a downward draft or flow through channel 26, as illustrated in
To facilitate the cooling of the air within channel 26 and, thereby, the downward draft of air through channel 26, channel 26 is positioned from inner wall 16 at distance d, which is no greater than that which would allow adequate cooling of channel 26. More particularly, positioning channel 26 within about 1.905 centimeters (¾ inch) of inner wall 16 achieves effective cooling of the air within channel 26 and sufficient downward airflow. As shown in
To further facilitate the efficient and effective downward flow of air through channel 26, channel diameter D should be large enough to allow effective downward flow, but not so large as to require an inefficient and unnecessarily large amount of heat transfer into interior 20. Channel diameters D falling between 0.3175 cm and 2.54 cm (⅛″ and 1″) achieves effective and efficient cooling and airflow. As shown in
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In another embodiment of the present invention illustrated in
First horizontal air flow f1, in turn, engages the air outside housing 40 and induces a second horizontal air flow f2 in a direction substantially parallel to the diagonal X of base 42. In other words, second horizontal air flow f2 flows about housing 40 in a direction that is non-perpendicular to housing 40. The non-perpendicular direction of second horizontal air flow f2 causes air flows f1 and f2 to meet and mix in a mixing region, which is represented by the encircled area in
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While this invention has been described as having an exemplary design, the present invention may be further modified within the spirit and scope of this disclosure. This application is therefore intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention using its general principles. Further, this application is intended to cover such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice in the art to which this invention pertains.
Claims
1. A refrigeration system comprising:
- a cabinet having an outer wall, an inner wall and an insulative material disposed between said outer and inner walls, said inner wall defining an insulated interior;
- a cooling system for cooling said insulated interior of said cabinet, said cooling system disposed in a space beneath said cabinet; and
- a convection channel disposed between said outer and inner walls and extending from an area outside an upper portion of said cabinet to said space beneath said cabinet, said channel communicating air from said area outside said upper portion of said cabinet to said space beneath said cabinet to vent said cooling system.
2. The refrigeration system of claim 1 further comprising at least one thermal bridge extending from said inner wall of said cabinet to said channel.
3. The refrigeration system of claim 2 wherein said at least one thermal bridge is comprised of a conductive material.
4. The refrigeration system of claim 2 wherein said insulative material is disposed between said inner wall and said channel; and said at least one thermal bridge is comprised of a gap in said insulative material.
5. The refrigeration system of claim 1 wherein said channel is positioned within a distance of about 1.905 cm from said inner wall.
6. The refrigeration system of claim 5 wherein said channel is positioned directly adjacent said inner wall.
7. The refrigeration system of claim 1 wherein said channel has a plurality a different widths.
8. The refrigeration system of claim 1 wherein a portion of said channel extends at an angle with respect to said outer wall.
9. The refrigeration system of claim 8 wherein said angle is less than about 75°.
10. The refrigeration system of claim 1 wherein said channel is branched, said branched channel comprising a primary branch extending from said area outside said upper portion of said cabinet to a junction point; and a plurality of secondary branches extending from said junction point to a plurality of locations in said space beneath said cabinet to vent said plurality of locations.
11. A refrigeration system comprising:
- a cabinet having an outer wall, an inner wall and an insulative material disposed between said outer and inner walls, said inner wall defining an insulated interior;
- a cooling system for cooling said insulated interior of said cabinet, said cooling system disposed in a space outside a lower portion of said cabinet;
- a convection channel disposed between said outer and inner walls, said channel spaced apart from said inner wall and extending from an area outside an upper portion of said cabinet to said space outside said lower portion of said cabinet, said channel communicating air from said area outside said upper portion of said cabinet to said space outside said lower portion said cabinet to vent said cooling system; and
- at least one thermal bridge extending from said inner wall of said cabinet to said channel.
12. The refrigeration system of claim 111 wherein said at least one thermal bridge is comprised of a conductive material.
13. The refrigeration system of claim 11 wherein said insulative material is disposed between said inner wall and said channel; and said at least one thermal bridge is comprised of a gap in said insulative material.
14. The refrigeration system of claim 11 wherein said channel is positioned within a distance of about 1.905 cm from said inner wall.
15. The refrigeration system of claim 11 wherein a portion of said channel extends at an angle with respect to said outer wall.
16. The refrigeration system of claim 11 wherein said angle is less than about 75°.
17. The refrigeration system of claim 11 wherein said channel is branched, said branched channel comprising a primary branch extending from said area outside said upper portion of said cabinet to a junction point; and a plurality of secondary branches extending from said junction point to a plurality of locations in said space outside said lower portion of said cabinet to vent said plurality of locations.
18. A refrigeration system comprising:
- a cabinet having an outer wall, an inner wall and an insulative material disposed between said outer and inner walls, said inner wall defining an insulated interior;
- a cooling system for cooling said insulated interior of said cabinet, said cooling system disposed in a space outside a lower portion of said cabinet; and
- a convection channel disposed between said outer and inner walls and extending from an area outside an upper portion of said cabinet to said space outside said lower portion of said cabinet, said channel having a plurality of widths, said plurality of widths decreasing in size as said channel extends from said upper portion of said cabinet to said lower portion of said cabinet, said channel communicating air from said area outside said upper portion of said cabinet to said space outside said lower portion said cabinet to vent said cooling system.
19. The refrigeration system of claim 1 wherein said channel is spaced apart from said inner wall and said channel is positioned within a distance of about 1.875 cm from said inner wall.
20. The refrigeration system of claim 19 further comprising at least one thermal bridge extending from said inner wall of said cabinet to said channel.
21. The refrigeration system of claim 20 wherein said at least one thermal bridge is comprised of a conductive material.
22. The refrigeration system of claim 20 wherein said insulative material is disposed between said inner wall and said channel; and said at least one thermal bridge is comprised of a gap in said insulative material.
23. The refrigeration system of claim 18 wherein said channel is positioned directly adjacent said inner wall.
24. The refrigeration system of claim 18 wherein a portion of said channel extends at an angle of between about 7° and 75° with respect to said outer wall.
25. The refrigeration system of claim 18 wherein said channel is branched, said branched channel comprising a primary branch extending from said area outside said upper portion of said cabinet to a junction point; and a plurality of secondary branches extending from said junction point to a plurality of locations in said space outside said lower portion of said cabinet to vent said plurality of locations.
Type: Application
Filed: Nov 12, 2004
Publication Date: May 18, 2006
Inventor: Dan Manole (Tecumseh, MI)
Application Number: 10/988,118
International Classification: F25C 1/00 (20060101); F25D 17/08 (20060101); F25D 11/02 (20060101);