Internally braced framing
Side flaps (98, 100) border openings (118) in the webs of sheet metal studs (84). End flaps (114, 116) may border the same openings. Brace members (78) extend through the openings and are connected to the studs (84) by screws that extend through the flaps and screw into the brace member (78). The brace members (78) may extend perpendicular or diagonally to the studs (84). The brace members (32, 34) may be of sectional construction with each section having a first end and a second end and with the first end being smaller than the second end and being adapted to slip into the second end of the next section of the brace member. The brace member may be a channel member (186) having a narrow closed portion (64, 66, 68) and a wider open portion (70, 72). The openings in the web have a matching shape so that the brace member is snuggly received within the openings.
This invention relates to framing walls comprising horizontal and vertical sheet metal framing members. More particularly, it relates to framing in which a bracing member extends horizontally or diagonally through openings in the webs of the vertical frame members, and to connections at the intersections of the bracing member and vertical framing members.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIONU.S. Pat. No. 5,784,850, granted Jul. 28, 1998, to William L. Elderson, and U.S. Pat. No. 6,021,618, granted Feb. 8, 2000 to William L. Elderson show prior art framing that includes a bracing member extending horizontally through openings in the webs of sheet metal studs. These patents include a good description of sheet metal wall systems and they disclose notching the bracing members so that portions of the webs of the studs can be received in the notches. The notches provide a way of uniformly spacing the studs and connect the studs to the bracing member and maintain the spacing of the studs.
Some stud walls need to be better braced than other stud walls, e.g. walls that are subjected to high wind loads. A known way of bracing these walls is to attach crossing diagonal strips of sheet metal straps to the flanges of the studs on one or both sides of the wall. Wall board is then installed over the strapping. The presence of the strapping distorts the wall board enough that it is no longer planar and this can be seen. An object of the present invention is to provide a bracing system for a stud wall comprising diagonal brace members that are positioned inside of the wall so that exterior straps and the distortion to the wall board that they cause are eliminated.
There is a need for an improved way of connecting a bracing member to the webs of the studs. There is also a need for a framing wall that includes diagonal brace members that pass through the webs of the studs inside of the flanges that are on the sides of the studs. The principal object of the present invention is to provide these improvements.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONThe present invention includes providing a sheet metal stud that has a web having opposite edges and a general plane and a pair of parallel flanges projecting from the opposite edges substantial perpendicular to the general plane of the web, so as to give the stud a channel cross-section. At one or more locations there is in the web a longitudinal cut and transverse cuts at the two ends of the longitudinal cut. These cuts form side flaps that are adapted to be bent out from the web along hinge lines into positions generally parallel with each other and perpendicular to the plane of the web. When the flaps are bent out from the web a hole is formed in the web laterally between the side flaps.
In preferred form, the longitudinal cut in the web is spaced inwardly from the flanges of the stud. The transverse cuts extend parallel to each other at the opposite ends of the longitudinal cut. The transverse cuts have opposite ends spaced laterally outwardly from the longitudinal cut. One side of the side flaps is not cut and is adapted to be a hinge when the flaps are bent out from the web. According to one embodiment of the invention, the side flaps each include at least one preformed fastener opening.
In an embodiment of the invention there are second and third longitudinal cuts in the web endwise of the opening. These longitudinal cuts are spaced laterally inwardly from the hinge lines for the side flaps and with the opening form an end flap endwise of the opening. The end flap is adapted to bend out from the web along a hinge line that is perpendicular to the hinge lines of the side flaps. This end flap may include at least one preformed fastener opening.
Another embodiment of the invention comprises fourth and fifth longitudinal cuts at the opposite end of the opening formed by the side flaps. These longitudinal cuts and the opening form a second end flap at the opposite end of the opening that is adapted to be bent along hinge line that is perpendicular to the hinge lines of the side flaps and parallel to the hinge line of the first end flap. The second end flap may also include at least one preformed the fastener opening.
The present invention includes providing wall framing comprising a plurality of spaced apart sheet metal studs of the type described. Openings in the webs of the studs are aligned and each opening includes side flaps bordering the opening. An elongated bracing member extends generally crosswise of the studs, through the aligned openings in the webs of the studs. Fasteners connect the side flaps to the bracing member. The expression “extending generally crosswise of the studs” includes both a bracing member that is perpendicular to the studs and a bracing member that extends at a diagonal to the studs. The bracing member may be a channel member, or a tubular member, or take some other form.
In an embodiment of the invention an end flap is formed endwise of one end of the opening and this end flap is connected to the elongated bracing member. In a preferred embodiment, each web opening has a wide portion and a narrow portion endwise of the wide portion. The elongated bracing member has a wide portion that fits into the wide portion of the web opening and a narrow portion that fits into the narrow portion of the web opening. The narrow portion of the elongated bracing member includes a web and side portions and the wide portion of the elongated bracing member includes flanges. The side flaps are contiguous the flanges and the end flap is contiguous the web. Fasteners connect the side flaps to the flanges and the end flap to the web.
In another embodiment, the opening has a wide portion and a narrow portion and the bracing member has a wide portion and a narrow portion. The narrow portion of the bracing member includes a web. Transverse slots are cut through the narrow portion of the bracing member and the distance between the slots is equal to the desired spacing distance of the webs of the studs. The bracing members are inserted into the openings in the webs of the studs and the slots are aligned with the webs of the studs adjacent the opening. Then, the bracing member is moved relative to the studs to cause the web portions of the studs to enter into the slots. Then, the bracing member is connected to the studs. This may be done by the use of add-on connectors one or more side flaps that border the openings in the webs of the studs.
The present invention includes providing a sectional bracing member in which the adjacent ends of adjoining sections are connected together after the sections have been positioned in aligned openings in the webs of the studs. By way of example, the sections may have a channel cross-section or a tubular cross-section. A first end of each section may be of reduced dimension that is adapted to slip into the second end of the next section.
The invention also includes providing wall framing comprising a plurality of laterally spaced apart sheet metal studs and either one or two diagonal bracing members that extend through the openings in the webs of the studs. When two diagonal bracing members are employed, they are arranged to intersect each other at the center of the stud wall. At the meeting point there is a connector that receives and is connected to end portions of the bracing member sections that meet at the connector.
Other objects, advantages and features of the invention will become apparent from the description of the best mode set forth below, from the drawings, from the claims and from the principles that are embodied the specific structures that are illustrated and described.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGSLike reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout the several views of the drawing, and:
The webs 12 include openings 18 which preferably have a central wide portion that is between edges 20, 22 and a pair of narrow end portions between edges 24, 26 and 28, 30. The end portions of the opening 18 are sized to snuggly receive between the edges 28, 30 a first channel member 32. As shown by
The studs 42 are lipped channels such as or described above in connection with
In some walls, it may be necessary or desirable to use a sectional bracing member in order to facilitate the installation of the bracing member in a stud wall. Each section has a first end 180 and a second end 184.
The illustrated embodiments are only examples of the present invention and, therefore, are non-limitive. It is to be understood that many changes in the particular structure, materials and features of the invention may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, it is my intention that my patent rights not be limited by the particular embodiments illustrated and described herein, but rather determine by the following claims, interpreted according to accepted doctrines of claim interpretation, including use of the doctrine of equivalents and reversal of parts.
Claims
1. A sheet metal stud, comprising:
- a web having opposite edges and a general plane;
- a pair of parallel flanges projecting substantially perpendicular to the general plane, from the opposite edges of the web, so as to give the stud a channel cross-section; and
- a longitudinal cut in said web having opposite ends and transverse cuts in said web at the ends of the longitudinal cut, said cuts forming side flaps that are adapted to be bent out from the web along hinge lines into positions that are generally parallel with each other and the flanges and are perpendicular to the general plane of the web, and provide an opening in the web laterally between said side flaps.
2. The stud of claim 1, wherein the longitudinal cut in the web is spaced inwardly from the flanges, and the transverse cuts extend parallel to each other at the opposite ends of the longitudinal cut and have ends spaced laterally outwardly from the longitudinal cut, and wherein the side flaps have uncut sides and are adapted to be hinges when the flaps are bent out from the web.
3. The stud of claim 1, wherein the side flaps each include at least one preformed fastener opening.
4. The stud of claim 2, wherein the side flaps each include at least one preformed fastener opening.
5. The stud of claim 1, further comprising second and third longitudinal cuts in said web endwise of the opening and spaced laterally inwardly from the hinge lines of the side flaps, and defining an end flap endwise of the opening formed by the side flaps, said end flap being adapted to be bent out from the web along a hinge line that is perpendicular to the hinge lines of the side flaps.
6. The stud of claim 5, wherein the end flap includes at least one preformed fastener opening.
7. The stud of claim 5, comprising fourth and fifth longitudinal cuts at the opposite end of the opening formed by the side flaps forming a second end flap adapted to be bent along a hinge line that is perpendicular to the hinge lines of the side flaps and parallel to the hinge line of the first end flap.
8. The stud of claim 7, wherein the bent out second end flap includes at least one preformed fastener opening.
9. Wall framing, comprising:
- a plurality of spaced apart sheet metal studs, each including a web having opposite edges and a general plane, and a pair of parallel flanges projecting substantially perpendicular to the general plane, from the opposite edges of the web, so as to give each stud a channel cross-section;
- said studs including aligned web openings in their webs and side flaps bordering the openings which are bent out portions of the webs;
- an elongated bracing member extending generally crosswise of the studs, through the aligned openings in the webs of said studs; and
- fasteners connecting the side flaps to the bracing member.
10. The wall framing of claim 9, wherein said bracing member has side portions and an interconnecting portion, and said web flaps are contiguous the side portions of the bracing member.
11. The wall framing of claim 9, wherein the bracing member extends substantially perpendicular to the studs.
12. The wall framing of claim 9, wherein the bracing member extends at a diagonal to the studs.
13. The wall framing of claim 9, wherein the bracing member is a channel member.
14. The wall framing of claim 13, wherein the bracing member has side walls contiguous the side flaps and said fasteners connect the side flaps to the side walls of the bracing member.
15. The wall framing of claim 9, wherein the web openings have a wide portion and a narrow portion endwise of the wide portion and said side flaps border the wide portion.
16. The wall framing of claim 15, wherein the webs of the studs include an end flap adjacent the narrow portion of the opening, and the bracing member has a narrow portion including a web, and said narrow portion of said bracing member fits within the narrow portion of the opening in the web, and the end flap is connected to the web of the narrow portion of the bracing member.
17. Wall framing, comprising:
- a plurality as spaced apart sheet metal studs, each having a web with opposite edges and a general plane, and a pair of parallel flanges projecting substantially perpendicular to the general plane, from the opposite edges of the web, so as to give each stud a lipped channel cross-section;
- said studs including aligned openings in said webs;
- an elongated bracing member extending through the aligned openings in said studs;
- wherein said bracing member has a stepped channel shaped configuration formed by a web and two stepped flanges connected to the web, said stepped flanges having first sidewall portions which are connected to the web, and second sidewall portions which are connected to the first side portions and are spaced apart a distance larger than the spacing of the first sidewall portions, and wherein the openings in the webs of the studs are sized and shaped to substantially conform to the cross-sectional shape and size of the bracing member.
18. The wall framing of claim 17, wherein the web of the bracing member includes flaps formed by cuts on three sides and an uncut fourth side that serves as a hinge, wherein the flaps are adapted to be pushed out from the web of the bracing member, each into contact with a web portion of a related one of the studs, whereby fasteners can be inserted through the flaps and be connected to the webs of the studs, for connecting the bracing member to the webs of the studs.
19. The wall framing of claim 17, wherein the bracing member extends substantially perpendicular to the studs.
20. The wall framing of claim 17, wherein the bracing member extends added diagonal to the studs.
21. The wall framing of claim 17, wherein the web of the bracing member includes flaps formed by cuts on three sides and an uncut fourth side that serves as a hinge, wherein the flaps are adapted to be pushed out from the web of the bracing member, each into contact with a web portion of a related one of the studs, whereby fasteners can be inserted through the flaps and be connected to the web of the studs, for connecting the bracing member to the web so the studs.
22. The wall framing of claim 21, wherein the flaps each include a preformed fastener hole.
23. Wall framing, comprising:
- a plurality of laterally spaced apart sheet metal studs, each having a web with opposite edges and a general plane, and a pair of parallel flanges projecting substantially perpendicular to the general claim from the opposite edges of the web, so as to give each stud a lipped channel shaped cross-section;
- said studs including aligned openings in said web;
- an elongated bracing member extending through the openings in the webs of the studs; and
- said elongated bracing member being formed of sections that are connected together at their ends.
24. The wall framing of claim 23, wherein the bracing member has a channel configuration formed by web and flanges connected to the web, said flanges having side wall portions, and wherein the openings in the webs of the studs are sized and shaped to substantially conform to the cross-sectional shape and size of the bracing member.
25. The wall framing of claim 23, wherein a first end of each section of the bracing member has a reduced size that is adapted to slip into the opposite end of the adjoining section of the bracing member.
26. The wall framing of claim 24, wherein a first end of each section of the bracing member has a reduced size that is adapted to slip into the opposite end of the adjoining section of the bracing member; and
- said studs being connected to the elongated bracing member in the vicinity of the openings in the webs through which the bracing member extends.
27. The wall framing, comprising:
- a header;
- a footer;
- a plurality of laterally spaced apart sheet metal studs extending between the header and the footer, each having a web with bracing member receiving opening in it, said openings in the webs of the several studs being aligned with each other along a diagonal line;
- an elongated bracing member extending through the openings in the webs of the studs, at a diagonal to the studs; and
- said elongated bracing member being formed of sections that are connected together at their ends.
28. The wall framing of claim 27, wherein said sections comprised sections having a first end and a second end wherein the first end is sized and shaped to slip into the second end of an adjacent section.
Type: Application
Filed: Feb 28, 2005
Publication Date: Aug 31, 2006
Inventor: Matt Surowiecki (Seattle, WA)
Application Number: 11/068,119
International Classification: E04C 3/30 (20060101);