Thin wall glove with multiple colors and thicker cuff
Extra coagulant is added to the cuff portion of the former by a spray nozzle located between the coagulant and latex dipping tanks. A former is placed into a coagulant. After removal from the coagulant, additional coagulant to the cuff portion of the former by any conventional means, such as a spray nozzle. The higher concentration of coagulant at the cuff portion results in a thicker latex thickness at the cuff portion and counteracts the reduced dwell time of the cuff in the latex dipping tank as compared to the fingertip portion of the former. The thickness of the cuff portion can be controlled by altering the concentration of the coagulant applied by the spray nozzle.
This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Ser. No. 11/287,372, filed Nov. 28, 2005.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIONUnsupported thin wall gloves are made via a dipping procedure from materials including natural rubber latex, polychloroprene, polyisoprene, carboxylated acrylonitrile butadiene, styrene butadiene copolymer, polyurethane and blends of these materials. The material is an aqueous emulsion form with natural rubber latex being concentrated and preserved prior to use and synthetic rubber materials polymerized via emulsion polymerization.
In the dipping procedure, a hand shaped former is lowered into the compound causing a thin layer of the compound to deposit on to the former. After vulcanization, the gloves are removed from the former. In addition to gloves, condoms and balloons are also formed in this manner.
The former is lowered into the compound with the fingertips entering the tank first and coming out last. The fingertip portion of the former, therefore, has a greater time in the compound known as dwell time. The greater dwell time results in a thicker layer of compound at the fingertips and thinnest at the cuff. This thickness is designed as the thinner cuffs are more prone to tearing when the gloves are donned and thicker fingertips are a hindrance when the wearer performs intricate tasks. Tests on 30 products from difference manufacturers found a thickness gradient of 0.1 mm at the palm and 0.18 mm at the fingertips.
In addition to dwell time, other factors impact the thickness of material deposited on the former. To insure uniform deposition, a coagulant, such as calcium nitrate solution with appropriate additives such as ionic and non-ionic surfactants, mold releasing agents and other conventional additives are employed in the compound. The higher concentration of coagulant the thicker the film formed on the former. In addition, a latex compound having a higher solid content results in a thicker film. To a lesser extent, the temperature of the former affects thickness as a lower temperature tends to result in a thicker glove. Regardless of these factors, the introduction of the former fingertip first into the compound always results in the finger tip having a greater dwell time than the cuff and is a factor weighing in favor fingertips having a greater thickness than the cuffs.
Attempts to address this problem are found in previous patents. U.S. Pat. No. 3,397,365 describes a multiple dipping process including dipping the full length of a former into a concentrated coagulant, dipping the former having the coagulant into water below the wrist to remove the coagulant from the palm and fingers, dipping the former into diluted coagulant to have a varying concentration of coagulant along the former and then dipping the full length of the former into a latex compound.
Practical difficulties with this method is the contamination of the water tank with coagulant that is removed from the former. The concentration of the coagulant within the water tank increases with each successive former introduced into the tank. Also, a large amount of coagulant is wasted by removal by the water.
U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,843,296 and 3,859,510, both to Sidley, disclose a multiple dipping process including dipping a former into a concentrated coagulant with cuff portion first followed by dipping the former into a diluted coagulant fingertips first to a level below the wrist to achieve a varying concentration of coagulant followed by dipping the former, fingertips first, into a latex compound tank. This requires a specially designed machine in order to invert the former. Also, the holder of the former is immersed into the coagulant tank leading to an inevitable contamination.
When a colored glove is desired, color pigments are mixed into the dipping compound. The result is a uniform colored glove. When color is used to denote a characteristic of the glove, the entire glove must be colored resulting in a greater usage of the pigment that is necessary to communicate the characteristics of the glove through color.
It is an object of the invention to provide a dwell having a more uniform thickness between cuff and fingertip.
It is another object of the invention to provide a glove having additional coagulant at the cuff to result in a thicker cuff.
It is another object of the invention to provide a method for making the glove having a varying amount of coagulant along the former.
It is another object of the invention to provide a method for having a thicker cuff made by a method without contamination of the separate tanks used in the method.
It is yet another object of the invention to provide a method for making a glove having a colored band.
It is still another object of the invention to provide a glove having colored indicia.
It is yet another object of the invention to provide a band about a cuff, the band changing colors in response to external conditions.
It is still yet another object of the invention to provide a glove having a colored pattern over a specific area of the glove.
These and other objects of the invention will become apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art after reading the disclosure of the invention.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONExtra coagulant is added to the cuff portion of the former by a spray nozzle located between the coagulant and latex dipping tanks. A former is placed into a coagulant. After removal from the coagulant, additional coagulant to the cuff portion of the former by any conventional means, such as a spray nozzle. The higher concentration of coagulant at the cuff portion results in a thicker latex thickness at the cuff portion and counteracts the reduced dwell time of the cuff in the latex dipping tank as compared to the fingertip portion of the former. The thickness of the cuff portion can be controlled by altering the concentration of the coagulant applied by the spray nozzle.
Additional material may be applied in the same manner as the coagulant, either alone or in combination with the coagulant. One example is the addition of color pigment to a glove. As the additional coagulant is applied to the cuff of the former, color pigment added to the extra coagulant results in a glove having a colored band on the finished glove. When applied by a spray nozzle, the spray may create a specific pattern over a specific area of the glove, such as a company logo. Moreover, the use of materials, such as m-Cresol Purpose creates a band that changes to red color when encountering acidic conditions or yellow at basic conditions to provide the wearer with proper warnings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The method for forming the glove is displayed with reference to
The resulting thickness of gloves formed by an addition of a spray nozzle between the coagulant and latex dipping tanks for various materials is summarized in the table below:
As can be seen by the above table, the cuff thickness has been greatly improved relative to the fingertip thickness to result in a more uniform article. As mentioned previously, thick fingertips are undesired as a waste material, increased costs and are clumsy for intricate tasks. However, it was not possible in the past to reduce the fingertip thickness without resulting in a cuff thickness rendering the glove useless. With the ability to increase the thickness of the cuff by the use of the spray nozzle, it is possible to decrease the thickness of the fingertip while still maintaining a cuff thickness allowing donning of the glove without tearing. Table No. 2, below, summarizes use of a spray nozzle to achieve a cuff having a thickness similar to prior art, but having thinner fingertip portions.
The invention may use lower concentrations of coagulant and lower solid content for the latex compound. Alternatively, the same coagulant concentration and latex compound solid content may be used but the dwell duration of the former in the dipping tank can be reduced to result in a thinner film. The overall more uniform thickness results in easier temperature control and organization to ensure even curing of the latex. In the past, vulcanization would result in overcured cuffs with undercured fingertips.
The more uniform thickness of the glove provides satisfactory hand protection but are more comfortable due to the thinner fingertip thickness. Also, the thinner fingertip thickness with uniform cuff thickness reduces the amount of material per glove.
When applying the coagulant to the former, additional materials may be added to the coagulant. Color pigment is an example of such a material, resulting in a glove which has a colored band about the cuff with the remaining glove being the standard off-white color. The material may be added directly to the coagulant and therefore applied by the same applicator, such as a spray nozzle, or separate applicators may be used. If separate applicators are used, the additional material may be added without the coagulant. When using multiple applicators, different color pigments may be applied to the former resulting in a glove with multiple colored bands. Also, the applicator may be used to spray a specific pattern on the glove. The pattern may be any desired pattern, such as a company logo. In addition to color pigments, materials indicating an external condition may be applied to the former. One such example is spraying m-Cresol Purpose to form the band. This band changes to red color when the external conditions are acidic and yellow when basic. Any number of indicators may be used alone or in combination. Indicators for HIV, Hepatitis B, E Coli may be applied to the glove. It is possible to apply different indicators to each finger of the former resulting in a glove having multiple indicators.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, variations and modifications will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art. The invention encompasses such variations and modifications without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims
1. A method for making articles, comprising
- dipping a former into coagulant, the forming having a first end and a second end, said first end placed into said coagulant before said second end,
- removing said former from said coagulant,
- applying coagulant to said former second and dipping said former into rubber material, said first end placed into a said rubber material before said second end.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising
- applying said coagulant by spraying.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein said rubber material is nitrile rubber or latex rubber.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein said former forms gloves.
5. The method of claim 1, further comprising adding an additive to said coagulant
6. The method of claim 5, wherein said additive is a pigment or a changeable indicator.
7. The method of claim 5, further comprising
- using a first spray nozzle to apply said coagulant and a second spray nozzle to apply said additive.
8. A method of forming articles, comprising
- applying a first coat of coagulant over a full length of a former between a first end and a second end,
- applying a second coat of coagulant proximate said second end by spraying said second coat extending less than said full length of said forming, and
- applying rubber material to said former.
9. The method of claim 8, further comprising
- applying said coagulant by spraying.
10. The method of claim 8, wherein said rubber material is nitrile rubber.
11. The method of claim 8, wherein said rubber material is latex rubber.
12. The method of claim 8, wherein said former forms gloves.
13. A method for making articles, comprising
- dipping a former into coagulant, the forming having a first end and a second end, said first end placed into said coagulant before said second end,
- removing said former from said coagulant,
- applying a second material to said former and dipping said former into rubber material.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein said second material produces a colored band on said glove.
15. The method of claim 13, wherein said second material is a changeable indicator.
16. The method of claim 13, further comprising combining said second material with coagulant before application.
17. The method of claim 13, wherein
- said former is for gloves, said former having a body portion and a plurality of finger portions extending from said body portion,
- the second material being a changeable indicator, a different changeable indicator applied to each finger portion of said former.
Type: Application
Filed: Jan 11, 2007
Publication Date: Jul 19, 2007
Inventor: Jian Tao (Reno, NV)
Application Number: 11/651,969
International Classification: B29C 41/08 (20060101); B29C 41/14 (20060101);
