Shipping system and container for transportation and in-store maintenance of temperature sensitive products
A shipping container for cooling a product contained therein is provided. The shipping container includes a frozen material which is mostly insulated from the central chamber of the shipping container. Cool air circulates from the frozen material, to the central chamber of the shipping container. The recirculation of air over the frozen material maintains the central chamber of the shipping container at a predetermined temperature over time. Optionally, a heat exchanger, such as a fan or baffle, can be provided to further enhance the recirculation of the air through the shipping container.
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The present application claims priority from co-pending provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/758,367, filed on Jan. 12, 2006, and from co-pending provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/817,992, filed on Jun. 30, 2006, both entitled SHIPPING SYSTEM AND CONTAINER FOR TRANSPORTATION AND IN-STORE MAINTENANCE OF TEMPERATURE SENSITIVE PRODUCTS.
FIELD OF THE INVENTIONThe invention relates to the field of containers for transporting temperature sensitive products. More particularly, the invention relates to a container, system and method for transporting temperature sensitive products wherein the container maintains those products during transit, as well as after arrival at the product's destination.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIONTemperature sensitive products are currently shipped in boxes with dry ice or frozen gel packs that keep the temperature sensitive product cold for about three days of shipping.
For example, flowers are shipped in buckets filled with water and ice and are enclosed in large corrugated cardboard cartons, and shipped in refrigerated cargo trucks to their final destination. Once at the flowers' final destination, the cartons must be reopened and the cut end of the flower stems immediately placed in water or some other hydrating material to extend the life of the flowers. For every hour that the flower is at room temperature in which the cut end of the flower is not in liquid, the presentation lifetime of the flower is reduced by one day.
However, three day shipping is more expensive than, for example, third class shipping. The cost of shipping the temperature sensitive products could be greatly reduced if longer shipping times were possible. As such, what is needed is a container and system for transporting temperature sensitive products that extends the shipping lifetime of the temperature sensitive product.
Further, the repacking of the product at the distribution center is labor intensive, adding a further cost to that of shipping the product. Transporting the products in refrigerated trucks adds yet another cost to that of shipping the temperature sensitive products. What is additionally needed is a container and system that reduces the amount of labor necessary for preparing a temperature sensitive product for shipping and which maintains the product within a desired temperature range for a longer period of time.
What is further needed is a container that prolongs the lifetime of the product, once the container reaches room temperature.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONA shipping container is provided that will provide a predetermined amount of cold air to a temperature sensitive product, over time, to maintain the product within a predetermined temperature range.
This and other objects and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent in the description which follows.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Referring now to
Shipping container 10 is constructed to be of a size to hold fresh-cut flowers for transport to a customer. Container 10 can be manufactured as a double walled construction, such that internal cavities may hold elements, such as ice, gel packs, etc., which can be used to maintain the innermost cavity and items shipped therein, at a desired temperature during the shipping process.
Alternatively, in accordance with one preferred embodiment of the present invention, referring to
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the invention shown in
The vertical plastic casings 16 of the present invention are constructed to contain a liquid substance, therein. For reasons that will be described in connection with another embodiment of the present invention this liquid substance can be either any suitable liquid for maintaining the interior of the shipping container 10 cold, or may be a liquid that is nourishing for the plants or flowers that will be shipped in the shipping container 10. For example, the liquid may be water, a plant nutrient immersed in a liquid, and/or some other liquid. Further, the liquid containing members (16 of
In one preferred embodiment, the vertical casings are gel packs that slide into tracks formed in the interior walls of the shipping container 10, and thus, are maintained by the tracks in a desired relationship with the walls of the shipping container 10. In the embodiment shown in
Referring more specifically, to
As a result, the combination of the present product will allow the items to be shipped, such as fresh-cut flowers, to be kept at a constant cool temperature during shipment, which will extend the perishable life of the product. More specifically, the cool air will circulate behind the vertical plastic casings 16, cooling the liquid therein, which will, in turn, keep the main chamber of the shipping container containing the fresh cut flowers or other items cool. The release of the cold air through only the air holes 18, will extend the lifetime of the frozen material 30. Thus, the shipping container 10 of the present invention can be shipped for longer periods of time before the shipped items are in danger of spoilage. For example, where prior art systems would use overnight or two day air transportation to provide fresh flowers to a distribution center, where they were repacked and sent in refrigerated trucks to the customer, the present system maintains the cold of the shipping container without freezing or spoiling the flowers without the need for the intervening distribution center or refrigerated truck. More specifically, the present invention prolongs the lifetime of the fresh flowers by slowing the degeneration of the frozen material 30 and prolonging the period of coolness in the shipping container 10. This permits the items, fresh-cut flowers in the present example, to be shipped in the shipping container 10 by regular mail or transport, thus avoiding: 1) the excessive cost of shipping via an overnight or two/three day carrier; 2) the cost of the intervening distribution center, and the labor required therein; and 3) the cost of shipping the flowers by refrigerated truck. Instead, using the shipping container 10 of the present invention, fresh cut flowers or other items can be shipped from the farm or other originating location, directly to the customer, inexpensively.
Additionally, in another embodiment of the present invention, particularly adapted to the shipment of a product benefiting from hydration at some stage of the process, such as fresh-cut flowers, the shipping container 10 of the present invention can be further used to keep the product in a state ready for sale, in the customer's location, without requiring the customer's immediate attention.
Referring back to
For example, the surface of one or more of the vertical plastic casings 16, may contain perforations on the side facing into the center compartment of the shipping container 10, i.e., throughout the plastic sheeting, or just at the lower portion of the plastic sheeting. While the frozen material 30 continues to provide cool air to the liquid containing members, the liquid contained therein remains viscous or frozen, and does not exit through the perforations. As the shipping container reaches room temperature, the liquid in the vertical plastic casings is able to melt and is directed into the wet pack 22. Thus, instead of the flowers arriving and possibly sitting in the warm room without moisture on the cut stems, the liquid from the gel packs 16, as the temperature within the chamber rises, will melt and provide liquid to the wet pack sponge 22. This liquid is absorbed by the cut end of the flower stems which rest upon the sponge 22, thus keeping the flowers hydrated until the customer is ready to work with them.
Additionally, the shipping container 10 may also include a perforated edge 20 on the top or on a side panel, which allows the customer, upon receipt of the product, to open the package and place the flowers directly on display.
Referring now to
Note that, although two channels are shown in connection with the present preferred embodiment, more channels can be used, if desired. A lid 140 is fitted to the top of the shipping container 100, thus providing a closed system for the circulation of air through the shipping container 100. The air, thus circulated, comes into thermal contact with a frozen material stored in the bottom section 100a of the container 100. The frozen material of the present invention can be wet ice, dry ice, a chilled gel pak and/or other type of cooling material.
The shipping container of
The frozen material stored in the lower portion 100a of the shipping container 100 then cools the air. Additionally, the fan 130 drives cooler air from the lower section 100a of the shipping container into the central portion of the shipping container. Thus, cool air is re-circulated through the shipping container in order to keep the contents of the central portion 100b of the shipping container 100 cool.
The fan 130 is preferably battery operated and thermostatically regulated. Thus, the fan 130 can be set to turn on only when the temperature of the central portion of the shipping container reaches a predetermined temperature. Cycling of the fan will prolong the battery life, and thus prolong the time at which the cargo will be maintained at a desired temperature in the shipping container 100. In one preferred embodiment, the temperature in the central portion of the shipping container 100 is desirably maintained between 2-8° C. The desired temperature range can be adjusted to optimize the transportation temperature of the particular cargo. For example, in one particular embodiment of the invention wherein the cargo stored in the central portion of the shipping container 100 is cut flowers, the optimum temperature internal to the cargo portion of the shipping container may be 2-8° C. Thus the fan 130 may operate when the thermostat registers a temperature outside the desired range. However, the instant invention is not limited to use with cut flowers, but may be used for transporting any perishable cargo (i.e., meat, produce, blood plasma, etc.). As such, the thermostat may be set to control the fan for lower or higher temperatures for other perishable products shipped in the shipping container 100 (i.e., lower temperatures for frozen products, etc.). The materials used to make the shipping container 100, as well as the frozen material selected, can be balanced by the temperature characteristics desired for transporting a particular cargo. In one particularly preferred embodiment, the shipping container is designed to maintain the internal temperature of the central portion of the shipping container 100 at 33-40° F. for a period of between 72-120 hours at an ambient outside temperature of 33-85° F. In a more preferred embodiment, the shipping container is designed to maintain the internal temperature of the central portion of the shipping container 100 at 33-40° F. for a period of between 72-120 hours at an ambient outside temperature of 33-85° F. using wet ice as the frozen material.
Additionally, the shape and size of the cargo volume of the shipping container 100 can be adjusted according to the item to be shipped.
Note that, other devices can be used for keeping the central portion of the shipping container cool and still be in accordance with the instant invention. For example, the instant invention can include other heat exchange devices in place of the fan 130. For example, a shipping container in accordance with the present invention can maintain the temperature in the refrigerated volume using a heat pipe, heat pump, thermo-siphon, thermo-loop or any similar means for moving heat energy from the refrigerated volume into the frozen material.
Further, as stated above, wet ice may be used as the frozen material in the shipping container 100. Note that, in all embodiments of the instant invention, the use of wet ice can additionally be used to produce humidity in the central cargo portion of the shipping container 100. For example, in the embodiment of
Referring now to
The shipping container 200 includes a bottom section 210, a center section 250 and a top (such as, top 140 of
The center section 250 of the shipping container 200 includes a cavity or void volume 260 (i.e., the refrigerated volume), preferably formed therein. The void volume 260 is sized to contain and constrain the perishable cargo/products, thus surrounding the cargo with an insulating material. The top or lid section allows the cargo/products to be retained within the void volume 260 of the center section. Additionally, the top or lid is used to thermally seal the void volume 260, as well as the entire shipping container 200.
The lower or bottom section 210 is designed to mate with the center section 250 to form the body of the shipping container 200. Note that the tapered base portion 250a of
As in the preferred embodiment of
Note that, the void volume 260 of the center section 250 can be particularly shaped to receive and frictionally hold a particularly shaped cargo, such as a bucket, pot or box. Additionally, the channels 220 and 230 extend through the insulating material to open into a wider portion of the void volume 260 as openings 220a and 230a in the insulating material. In this way, the air is circulated into an uppermost portion of the void volume 260.
Referring now to
One main difference between the shipping container 300 of the instant embodiment and the shipping containers of the previous embodiments is that, in the present embodiment, the frozen material is stored at the top of the shipping container 300, rather than in the bottom section. More particularly, the top section 300a of the shipping container 300 includes a top cavity 330 for receiving a frozen material, such as wet ice, dry ice, a frozen gel pack, etc. In the embodiment shown in the figures, the top cavity 330 is square in cross-section. However, this is not meant to be limiting, as it can be seen that other cross-sectional shapes could be provided and still work with the instant invention.
A bottom wall 335 of the frozen material cavity 330 separates the upper section 300a from the central section 300b. The bottom wall 335 can be chosen to be any material, as desired. However, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bottom wall 335 is a thermal conductive, heat exchanger plate, upon which the frozen material is directly placed. Thus, an additional heat transfer mechanism is used to cool the perishable items in the central section 300b. More particularly, the air below the bottom wall 335 is cooled by natural convection, and therefore falls to the bottom of the void volume. As such, in the instant embodiment, in addition to air flow through the channels 310, 320, air is circulated in the void volume by natural convention. The bottom wall 335 can be made from a thin member or membrane, such as a thin sheet of metal or rigid plastic. In a most preferred embodiment, the bottom wall 335 is a thin sheet of steel. In one preferred embodiment, the thickness of the thin member is chosen within the range of about 10-60 mils. In a more preferred embodiment, the thin member is chosen to be about 20 mils in thickness.
In one particular embodiment of the instant invention, if the frozen material is chosen to be wet ice, or another frozen material that melts to produce a liquid, the frozen material can be placed within the frozen material cavity 330, leaving a void around the periphery of the frozen material. Then, if desired, a liquid absorbing material, such as potassium polyacrylamide hydrogel, which material absorbs hundreds of times its weight in liquid, can be placed in the void left around the frozen material. An amount of the liquid absorbing material sufficient to absorb all of the liquid produced as the frozen material melts, is placed in the void around the frozen material. Thus the liquid is held in a gel or non-fluid state, so that liquid will not leak from the frozen material chamber 330. The liquid absorbing gel additionally inhibits the flow of heat. As such, when placed around the periphery of the frozen material, the gel serves to better insulate the frozen material as it melts, thus allowing the frozen material to maintain intimate contact with the thermal exchanging bottom wall 335, and maximize the cooling effect in the void volume 350.
The uppermost open portion of the cavity 330 can be sealed by an upper lid 340, a portion 340a of which is sized to be received in the uppermost portion of the top cavity 330, as shown more particularly in
The central section 300b of the shipping container 300 includes a void volume 350, into which perishable items, such as flowers, live plants, food products, etc., can be placed. If desired, the void volume 350 of the central section 300b can be particularly shaped to receive and frictionally hold a particularly shaped cargo, such as a bucket, pot or box.
Because, of the location of the frozen material chamber at the top of the shipping container 300, in the embodiment shown in
In the present preferred embodiment, wherein plants and/or flowers are being shipped, the bottom section 300c includes a well cavity 370, for receiving water and/or the stems/roots of the articles to be shipped. If other perishable items are being shipped in the shipping container 300, it can be seen that other modifications can be made to the bottom section 300c to accommodate those items.
If plants/flowers are being shipped, if desired, water or another nutrient carrying material and/or a wetted sponge can be placed in the well chamber 370, thus feeding the roots/stems of the items being transported. Additionally, if desired, the bottom section 300c of the shipping container 300 can be molded to include, or can include an insert 375, which permits the height of flower/plant bundles to be staggered. For example, referring more particularly to
Additionally, the water/nutrient fill line in the well chamber 370 is chosen to ensure that the roots/stems supported by the solid portions 370e, 370f, 370g, 370h, 370i will also be maintained in water/nutrients. Note however, if the frozen material is able to keep the perishables sufficiently cold, water/nutrients may be omitted from the well chamber 370.
As stated above, the channels 310 and 320 run from the top section 300a, through the central section 300b and into the bottom section 300c. More particularly, the channels 310 and 320 include openings into the frozen material cavity 330, the void volume 350 and the well chamber 370, thus permitting the air to be circulated, as described elsewhere herein.
Optionally, a battery powered fan 390, or other heat exchanger device, can be located in communication with one of the of the channels, i.e., channel 320, to pull warmer air from the void volume 350 up the channel 320, which opens into the frozen material cavity at opening 320a, and blow the air across the frozen material stored in the top section 300a. Additionally, the fan circulates the chilled, humid air, back down into the void volume 350, via the opening 310a to the channel 310. As noted elsewhere herein, additional channels may be provided to increase the airflow from the top section 300a into the void volume 350. However, in the present embodiment, two channels are preferred.
Additionally, in the present preferred embodiment, the central portion further includes the volumes or reservoirs 380a and 380b, which are in communication with both the well chamber 370 and the channels 310 and 320, and which are separated from the void volume 350. The reservoirs 380a and 380b are sized to hold most, if not all, of the water/nutrient contained in the well chamber 370 when the shipping container 300 is placed on any side, or on its top, preventing the water/nutrient from leaking out of the box or into the void chamber 350.
Note that the top section 300a, the bottom wall 335, the central section 300b, the bottom section 300c and the insert 375 can all be formed of a single molded article. However, preferably, at least each of the top section 300a, the bottom wall 335, the central section 300b and the bottom section 300c are formed as separate articles that are fixed together using friction or, preferably, a weld or an adhesive, such as mastic. The portion 375 can additionally be formed integrally with the bottom section 300c, or may be formed as a separate insert, which is fit into the well chamber 370 by friction, by weld or by adhesive.
Referring now to
However, the embodiment of
Referring now to
Referring now
In the present embodiment, channels (not shown), located between the frozen material cavity 530 and the well chamber 570, permit liquid from the melting frozen material to flow down into the well chamber 570. If flowers or plants are being shipped, this liquid is used to hydrate the stems or roots of the plants or flowers. Additionally, shipping container 500 includes volumes 560a and 560b, within the central portion, which, in the event the shipping container 500 is tipped onto its side, collects the liquid from the well chamber, thus preventing the items in the void volume 550 from getting wet.
It is important to note that, in the embodiments of
Note that the described embodiments are exemplary and that the above invention is not meant to be limited only to its preferred embodiments. It can be seen that other modifications can be made to the preferred embodiments and still be within the spirit of the present invention.
Claims
1. A shipping container, comprising:
- a container housing, including interior walls defining a central interior chamber;
- an area for receiving a frozen material; and
- a heat exchanger, in communication with said area for receiving a frozen material, for causing air cooled by said frozen material to be circulated within said central interior chamber.
2. The shipping container of claim 1, further including, at least one channel extending between said area for receiving a frozen material and said central interior chamber.
3. The shipping container of claim 2, wherein said heat exchanger forces warmer air from said central interior chamber into said area for receiving a frozen material, via said at least one channel.
4. The shipping container of claim 2, wherein said heat exchanger is a fan.
5. The shipping container of claim 4, including at least a second channel, wherein air from said central interior chamber is removed by said fan, via the at least one channel, and air cooled by said frozen material is sent from said area for receiving a frozen material to said central interior chamber via said at least a second channel.
6. The shipping container of claim 1, wherein said heat exchanger is thermally conductive member disposed between said area for receiving a frozen material and said central interior chamber.
7. The shipping container of claim 6, wherein said thermally conductive member is one of a rigid sheet of plastic and a sheet of metal.
8. The shipping container of claim 6, additionally including a second heat exchanger for forcing warmer air from said central interior chamber into said area for receiving a frozen material, via at least one channel extending between said area for receiving a frozen material and said central interior chamber.
9. The shipping container of claim 6, wherein said thermally conductive baffle additionally includes heat dispersing fins.
10. The shipping container of claim 1, wherein the area for receiving a frozen material is disposed below said central interior chamber.
11. The shipping container of claim 1, wherein the area for receiving a frozen material is disposed above said central interior chamber.
12. The shipping container of claim 11, wherein said heat exchanger is a thermally conductive member disposed between said area for receiving a frozen material and said central interior chamber.
13. The shipping container of claim 12, additionally including a second heat exchanger for forcing warmer air from said central interior chamber into said area for receiving a frozen material, via at least one channel extending between said area for receiving a frozen material and said central interior chamber.
14. A shipping container, comprising:
- an insulated housing, including interior walls defining a central interior chamber;
- an area for receiving a frozen material disposed above said central interior chamber; and
- a thermally conductive membrane disposed between said area for receiving a frozen material and said central interior chamber, said frozen material being disposed adjacent to said thermally conductive membrane.
15. The shipping container of claim 14, additionally including a fan for forcing warmer air from said central interior chamber into said area for receiving a frozen material, via at least one channel extending between said area for receiving a frozen material and said central interior chamber, and wherein air cooled by said frozen material is returned to said central interior chamber via at least a second channel extending between said area for receiving a frozen material and said central interior.
16. A shipping container, comprising:
- an insulated housing, including interior walls defining a central interior chamber;
- an area for receiving a frozen material;
- a first channel extending between said central interior chamber and said area for receiving a frozen material;
- a second channel additionally extending between said central interior chamber and said area for receiving a frozen material;
- a fan for forcing air from said central interior chamber into said area for receiving a frozen material, via said first channel; and
- wherein air cooled by said frozen material is sent into said central interior chamber from said area for receiving a frozen material, via said second channel.
17. The shipping container of claim 16, wherein the area for receiving a frozen material is disposed below said central interior chamber.
18. The shipping container of claim 16, wherein the area for receiving a frozen material is disposed above said central interior chamber.
19. A container for transporting plants or flowers, comprising:
- a container housing, including interior walls defining a central interior chamber for receiving the plants or flowers;
- an area for receiving a frozen material; and
- a heat exchanger, in communication with said area for receiving a frozen material, for causing air cooled by said frozen material to be circulated within said central interior chamber.
20. The container of claim 19, wherein the portion of said central interior chamber receiving the roots or stems of the plants or flowers includes a liquid therein.
21. The container of claim 20, additionally including at least one reservoir located in said housing, adjacent to said central interior chamber, for receiving said liquid if the container is placed on its side or upside-down.
22. The container of claim 19, additionally including a stand, located in a portion of said internal chamber, to offset a first group of plants or flowers, relative to at least a second group of plants or flowers within said central interior chamber.
23. A shipping container, comprising:
- a container housing, including interior walls defining a central interior chamber;
- an area for receiving a frozen material;
- a floor panel partially isolating said central interior chamber from said frozen material, at least one hole being defined through said floor panel;
- at least one liquid containing member, located in said central interior chamber, said liquid containing member being spaced away from at least one wall of said central interior chamber; and
- said at least one hole being defined in said floor panel between said liquid containing member and said at least one wall.
24. The shipping container of claim 23, further including a sponge located on a portion of said floor panel, and wherein at least one wall of said liquid containing member is perforated, proximal to said sponge.
25. The shipping container of claim 1, further including a liquid absorbing material in communication with said frozen material.
26. The shipping container of claim 25, wherein said liquid absorbing material is disposed in said area for receiving a frozen material around the periphery of said frozen material.
27. The shipping container of claim 25, wherein said liquid absorbing material includes a potassium polyacrylamide hydrogel
Type: Application
Filed: Jan 12, 2007
Publication Date: Sep 6, 2007
Applicant: Smartbox L.L.C. (Miami, FL)
Inventors: Udi Balva (Miami, FL), Dan Boiangin (Miami, FL), Tzvi Magril (Parkland, FL), Robert Utter (Adrian, MI)
Application Number: 11/652,892
International Classification: F25D 3/08 (20060101);