Baluster ball joint adapter attachment for a baluster to stair rail(s) and base
A universal attachment means and method for attaching a baluster or post between a base of a stairway and a railing above the stairs as well as at landings or balconies. The attachment means includes a ball and socket connection assembly that can be attached to either end of a baluster or post and then used to attach the baluster or post to the base or rail of the stairway. The attachment means permits ease of attachment of balusters or posts regardless of the slope of the stair and rail and regardless of any angular slope of a rail as in a circular stair rail. The attachment means eliminates the tedious alignment and drilling of vertical holes into the underside of a rail as needed in many prior art systems.
This application relates to U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/793,159, filed Apr. 20, 2006 for which priority is claimed under 35 USC § 120
STATEMENTNo Federally sponsored research or development applies to this application
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the InventionThis invention relates to the attachment of balusters and posts between a railing and base of a stairway, ramp, landing, balcony, fence or the like where balusters are connected between a rail having variable angle between horizontal and possible variation in alignment with azimuth, as in a circular staircase or ramp, and more particularly to an efficient adaptor for connecting balusters in such structures.
Stairways and ramps are constructed in variations of slope between horizontal and vertical with stair treads and risers making the stair and a handrail, or the like, spaced above the stair treads. Between the underside of the rail and the base of the stair tread a spaced series of balusters are attached to support the rail above the stair at a useful height. Building codes establish the spacing between balusters and the slope of the stairway. Circular stairways have a slope with respect to horizontal and with respect to azimuth and the railings along a circular stairway present further variations in slope of a railing and possibly its slope with respect to horizontal. Attaching a baluster between a railing and the base of a stairway presents a complication for the craftsman installing the baluster because the slope of the rail is not always the same and the distance to the base whether to a stair tread, knee wall or stringer can be different for adjacent balusters. Installations of balusters can become a time consuming process requiring skilled laborers. The present invention is directed to an adaptor for use with balusters to reduce the time needed to install a baluster between a railing and a stair base.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONExamination of prior art has not revealed a suitable way to quickly attach stair balusters to a stair rail. Traditional methods require balusters to be cut at an angle at either one or both ends and blocked into position. The baluster top in many cases is round and requires the installer to drill appropriate holes in the bottom of the top rail to receive the top of the baluster. The bottom of the baluster can also be attached by drilling holes in the stair treads or landing or balcony or bottom rail to receive the bottom of the pickets or balusters. In the prior art systems, a drilling adapter is usually required to cut a vertical hole into the under side of the rail to accommodate the top of a baluster. The hole must be vertical with respect to horizontal to permit the baluster to be properly aligned. For that reason a drilling adapter must be adjustable to be useful in cutting a suitable hole in stairways having differing slopes. Typically when such a hole drilling process is employed, the rail is them removed from the stair assembly and balusters are attached to the stair base at their bottom and them the top of the baluster is inserted into the drilled hole in the rail and the rail is installed on the stairway. The prior art method is time consuming and requires skilled installer craftsmen to complete the installation.
The present invention, in its simplest form, is a ball and socket baluster end or attachment. The ball and socket allows solid attachment of the baluster to the under side of a top rail and the adapter can be adjusted at an angle for attachment to a stair rail or left straight when attaching the baluster to a balcony or landing rail.
With the ball and socket adapter attached to the top of a baluster, an installer may align the top of the baluster to the underside of a rail and allow the baluster to hang from the adapter to align the baluster vertically for attachment to base or tread of the stair. The flexibility of the ball and socket adapter permits the baluster to be suspended vertically regardless of the slope of the stair rail with respect to horizontal and regardless of whether the rail is tilted toward or away from the horizontal level of the stairway. The installer does not have to predrill a mounting hole into the underside of the rail because the ball and socket is universally adjustable to permit the baluster hang freely.
It is a major object of the present invention to improve the efficiency of installation of balusters along a stairway or at a balcony or landing by providing a universally adjustable baluster/post attachment means for attaching the baluster/post between the base of the stairway on the rail above the stairway.
A further objective in accord with the preceding object is to provide an attachment means that includes a ball and socket connection between a baluster and a rail or base of a stairway.
A further objective in accord with the preceding objects is to provide a ball and socket attachment for a baluster with a construction that provides for locking the baluster within the attachment when the attachment has been assembled and aligned for attachment to a rail of a stairway.
A further objective in accord with the preceding objectives is to provide an attachment means that can be fixed to a stairway rail with a simple attachment means.
Further objectives and features of the invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the appended drawings and specification illustrating preferred embodiments wherein:
The present invention as shown in the attached drawings includes several embodiments of the concept for providing a universal baluster/post adapter system, designed to be attached to standard and/or custom balusters and posts for the purpose of forming an adjustable ball joint which is used to adjustably connect the balusters and posts to horizontal railings and landings, inclined stair and ramp railings, stair treads and knee wall stair applications.
The socket member 10 and the second member are designed and adapted to have the convex surface (ball) 22 inserted into the concave (socket) 16 so as to make a ball and socket connection between those members. The second member is then universally movable within the socket and can be fixed, in a manner to be described, in any of its universally moved positions.
As distinguished from the prior art illustration at the left of
In both
Also illustrated in
Some stairway rails are preformed with a longitudinal groove on the under surface. Such a groove 45, as shown in
It should be understood that first member 10, second member 20, baluster 30 and other related parts may be made of wood, composites, plastics or metal or other suitable materials. Wooden or composite parts can be turned to provide the cylindrical, hemispherical, collared forms here illustrated. Metal baluster elements are easily adapted to the use of the ball and socket attachment adapter and can eliminate the more difficult cutting of metal to fit different railing slopes.
In the installation of balusters in a stairway construction, the base of the balusters can be all the same length or in different lengths to permit the tops of the base members to either all be the same distance from the upper rail or to be the same distance from the base of the stair treads or a stringer. Because both the connection of the insertion end 32 of a baluster at the inside of the second member 20 or at the fixed base 38 can be adjustable, the appearance of the completed stairway with balusters installed can take many desirable forms.
The ball and socket concept of the present invention can have the ball as a part of an assembly that carries the baluster or can have the ball separate and attached directly to a baluster. The socket can have a hemispherical concave socket or a cylindrical concave socket and, further, can be an attachment to a railing, a formed part of the railing or base of a stairway, and can have a tapered conical interior or an interior with a retaining ridge. The assembled baluster with ball and socket adapter can present a flush appearance at the under surface of a rail or as an attachment to the rail. The base of adjacent balusters can all be the same distance from the base surface to which they are attached or can have progressive lengths so that the slope of the line of the top of the bases parallels the slope of the stairway because of the adjustable features of the attachment of the balusters to the attachment assembly. The axial adjustment of the balusters and attachment assembly permits the installation of a baluster and the later fixing of the assembly with fasteners or glue or the like.
While certain preferred embodiments of the invention have been specifically disclosed, it should be understood that the invention is not limited thereto as many variations will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art and the invention is to be given its broadest possible interpretation within the terms of the following claims.
Claims
1. A universal baluster/post attachment means for attaching a baluster/post to a stair rail comprising:
- a) a first member having a concave socket surface with an open end at one side and an attachment surface at a side opposite to said socket surface,
- b) a second member having an at least substantially hemispherical convex surface at one end and an attachment surface at an end opposite to said convex surface,
- c) said second member convex surface being adapted to be inserted into said concave socket and to be universally movable within said socket,
- d) said first and second members including means for retaining said convex surface within said concave surface in a desired position,
- e) said first member being attachable to said stair rail at a desired position along said rail with said second member depending from said concave socket,
- f) and means at said attachment surface of said second member for attaching a baluster/post to said second member in adjustable attachment.
2. The attachment means of claim 1 wherein said insertion of said convex surface of said second member into said concave socket of said first member creates a ball and socket universally movable connection between said first and second members.
3. The attachment means of claim 1 wherein said concave socket is a substantially cylindrical concave socket and the diameter of said substantially hemispherical convex surface are substantially equal while allowing universally adjustable movement at said attachment.
4. The attachment means of claim 3 wherein the open end of said substantially cylindrical concave surface presents a smaller diameter than the diameter of said substantially hemispherical convex surface of said second member, and said attachment surface of said first member includes an opening having a diameter larger that said smaller diameter at said open end and large enough to permit insertion of said convex surface into said concave surface.
5. The attachment means of claim 1 wherein said first member includes a surface at the open end of said concave socket adapted to cooperate with a surface on said second member between said convex surface and said attachment surface to function as a stop for universal movement of said convex surface within said concave surface.
6. The attachment means of claim 1 wherein said convex surface of said second member includes a protruding extension from said convex surface at the end opposite to said attachment surface, said extension adapted to contact said concave surface of said first member so as to limit universal movement of said convex surface within said concave socket.
7. The attachment of claim 1 wherein the attachment of said first member to said stair rail is from within said concave surface.
8. The attachment of claim 1 wherein the attachment of said first member to said stair rail is from an exterior surface of said first member.
9. The attachment means of claim 1 wherein the attachment surface of said second member is an axial extension from said end opposite to said convex surface.
10. The attachment means of claim 1 wherein the attachment surface of said second member is a hollow interior surface of said end opposite to said convex surface.
11. The attachment means of claim 1 wherein said first and second members are made from the group of materials including wood, composites, plastics or metal.
12. An assembly of an attachment means and a baluster for universally attaching said baluster between a stair rail and a stair base surface comprising,
- a) a first member having a concave socket surface at one end with an open end at one side and an attachment surface at a side opposite to said socket surface, said first member having means for attaching said first member to said stair rail,
- b) a second member having at least a substantially hemispherical convex surface at one end and an attachment surface at an end opposite to said convex surface,
- c) a baluster having a rail end and a base end, said rail end having an axial surface for adjustably connecting said baluster to said second member, and said base end having means for attaching said base end to said stair base surface,
- d) said first member and second member connected at said concave surface and said convex surface in universally movable connection,
- e) said baluster connected to said second member at said axial surface in an axially adjustable connection,
- f) and said base end of said baluster aligned to be attachable to said stair base.
13. The assembly of claim 12 wherein said stair base is a stair tread.
14. The assembly of claim 12 wherein said stair base is a stair stringer or knee wall.
15. The assembly of claim 12 wherein said stair rail includes a circular stair rail having a changeable slope with respect to horizontal and vertical orientation with respect to said stair base surface, and said attachment of said first and second members is a ball and socket universally adjustable attachment permitting said baluster to be adjustably attached in a vertical orientation between said stair rail and said stair base in accord with said slope of horizontal and vertical orientation of said stair rail.
16. A socket adapted to accommodate a hemispherical end of a baluster for attaching said baluster to a stair rail comprising,
- a) a member having an attachment surface and an open end surface,
- b) an interior axial hole drilled into said member between said attachment surface and said open end,
- c) said hole being axial to said open end,
- d) said hole adapted to receive said hemispherical end of a baluster in an universal attachment,
- e) and means for moveably securing said hemispherical end of said baluster in said hole and permitting universally rotatable adjustment about said hole.
17. The socket of claim 16 wherein said axial hole is axially conical shaped with its larger diameter end being at said attachment surface and its smaller diameter end being at said open end, and said conical shaped hole adapted to receive said hemispherical end of a baluster in a universal attachment.
18. The socket of claim 16 adapted to be attached to a stair railing and permitting the mounting of a baluster to a circular stair railing having variations in horizontal and vertical orientation above a stair base.
19. The universal attachment means of claim 1 wherein said member is attached to a stair rail in a groove cut into the under surface of said stair rail.
20. The universal attachment means of claim 1 wherein said first member is an integral part of the under surface of a stair rail in the form of a socket hole cut into said under surface.
21. The universal attachment means of claim 1 wherein said attachment surface of said first member is a threaded portion and said stair rail has a threaded mounting member on its under surface adapted for threaded engagement with said threaded portion of said first member.
22. A ball and socket mounting assembly for attaching a baluster to a stair rail comprising, whereby a baluster attached to said stair rail with said ball is rotatable about the axial axis of the baluster and universally about said ball and socket assembly.
- a) a socket member including means for attaching said socket member to a stair rail,
- b) said socket having an internal cavity adapted to receive said ball,
- c) said ball having an extension for attaching said baluster to said ball,
- d) a means for holding said ball within said socket while permitting said ball to universally move within said socket,
23. A method for attaching a baluster of a stairway between a stair rail and a base of said stairway at a tread, knee wall or stinger comprising the steps of:
- a) attaching a first member to the under surface of said stair rail, said first member having an internal concave cavity,
- b) inserting a convex hemispherical ball into said concave cavity, attaching said baluster to said convex ball at a first end with an axially adjustable connection,
- c) moving said ball within said socket to place said baluster in a vertical orientation and suspending said baluster from said first member,
- d) attaching the opposite end of said baluster to the base of said stairway at said tread, knee wall or stringer forming said stairway,
- e) and fixing said convex ball within said concave cavity and said axial adjustment of said attachment of said baluster to said ball to attach said baluster to said stairway.
24. A universal baluster/post attachment means for attaching a baluster/post between a base and stair rail comprising:
- a) a first member having a concave socket surface with an open end at one side and an attachment means at a side opposite to said socket surface,
- b) a second member having an at least a convex surface at one end and an attachment surface at an end opposite to said convex surface,
- c) said second member convex surface being adapted to be inserted into said concave socket and to be universally movable within said socket,
- d) means for attaching a baluster/post to one or the other of said first member or said second member to form an assembled baluster/post assembly,
- e) and means for attaching said assembly between said stair base and stair rail in a universally adjustable alignment with respect stair base and stair rail.
25. The attachment means of claim 24 wherein said baluster is attached to said first member and said second member is attached to said stair base or stair rail.
26. The attachment means of claim 24 wherein said baluster is attached to said second member and said first member is attached to said stair base or stair rail.
27. The attachment means of claim 24 wherein said insertion of said convex surface of said second member into said concave surface of said first member creates said universally adjustable alignment for said connection of said assembly between said stair base and said stair rail.
Type: Application
Filed: Feb 6, 2007
Publication Date: Oct 25, 2007
Inventors: Richard P. Truckner (Benicia, CA), David R. Truckner (Benicia, CA), Paulette Perfumo-Truckner (Benicia, CA)
Application Number: 11/703,327