Man made gold and platinum

Abstract

A man made method, utilizing particles bombardment technique, is used to produce Gold and Platinum. The particles bombardment technique uses particle accelerator to accelerate Lithium particles to high speed. These high speed Lithium particles contain high energy. These high energy Lithium particles are used to bombard Osmium element. Then elements Lithium and Osmium undergo cold fusion process that they are combined to produce element Gold. By the same method, Helium particles are accelerated by particle accelerator to high speed. These high speed Helium particles contain high energy. These high energy Helium particles are used to bombard Osmium element. Then elements Helium and Osmium undergo cold fusion process that they are combined to produce element Platinum.

Description

BACKGROUND OF PRESENT INVENTION

1. Field of Invention

The present invention relates to a method, and more particularly a man made method to produce gold and Platinum.

2. Description of Related Arts

Gold

History

Gold has been known and highly valued since prehistoric times. It may have been the first metal used by the human and was valued for ornamentation and rituals. Ancient Egypt and Nubia had the resources to make them major gold-producing areas for much of the history. Gold is also mentioned in the Old Testament and is included with the gifts of the magi in the first chapter of Matthew New Testament.

The European exploration of the Americas was fueled in no small part by reports of the gold ornaments displayed in great profusion by Native American peoples, especially in Central America, Peru, and Colombia.

Gold has long been considered one of the most precious metals, and its value has been used as the standard for many currencies. In history. Gold has been used as a symbol for purity, value, royalty and particularly roles that combine these properties.

Characteristics

Gold is a chemical element with the symbol Au and atomic number 79. The metal occurs as nuggets or grains in rocks, underground veins and in alluvial deposits. It is a dense, soft, shiny, yellow metal.

Gold is the most malleable and ductile metal; a single gram can be beaten into a sheet of one square meter, or an ounce into 300 square feet. Gold readily forms alloys with many other metals. These alloys can be produced to increase the hardness or to create exotic colors.

Gold is a good conductor of heat and electricity. Heat, moisture, oxygen and most corrosive agents have very little chemical effects on gold, making it well-suited for use in coins and jewelry. Modern industrial uses include dentistry and electronics, where gold has traditionally found use because of its good resistance to oxidative corrosion.

Applications

Pure gold is too soft for ordinary use and is typically hardened by alloying with silver, copper, or other metals. In various countries, gold and its many alloys, are most often used in jewelry, coinage and as a standard for monetary exchange. When sold in the form of jewelry, gold is measured in carats (K), with pure gold being designated as 24K. It is, however, more commonly sold in lower measurements of 22K, 18K, 14K and 10K. A lower “K” indicates that a higher percent of copper or silver in the alloy.

Gold forms the basis for a monetary standard used by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the Bank for International Settlements (BIS).

Production

The primary goal of the alchemists was to produce gold from other substances, such as lead. Although they never succeeded in their attempts, the alchemists promoted an interest in what can be done with substances, and it laid the foundation for today's chemistry.

During the 19^th century, gold rushes occurred whenever large gold deposits were discovered. The first major gold strike in the United States occurred in a small north Georgia town called Dahlonega. Further gold rushes occurred in California, Colorado, Otago, Australia,

Economic gold extraction can be achieved from ore grades as little as 0.5 g/1000 kg (0.5 ppm) on average in large easily mined deposits. Typical ore grades in open-pit mines are 1-5 g/1000 kg (1-5 ppm), ore grades in underground or hard rock mines are usually at least 3 g/1000 kg (3 ppm) on average. Since ore grades of 30 g/1000 kg (30 ppm) are usually needed before gold is visible to the naked eye, in most gold mines, the gold is invisible.

Since the 1880's, South Africa has been the source for a large proportion of the world's gold supply. Production in 1970 accounted for 70% of the world supply, producing about 1,000 tonnes. However, production in 2004 was 342 tonnes. This decline was due to the increasing difficulty of extraction and changing economic factors affecting the industry in South Africa. The city of Johanesburg was built atop the world's largest gold field.

Other major producers are Canada, United States and Australia. Mines in South Dakota and Nevada supply two-thirds of gold used in the United States. Siberian regions of Russia used to be significant in the global gold mining industry. In South America, the controversial project Pasuca Lama aims at the exploration of rich gold fields in the high mountains of Atacama Desert, at the border between Chili and Argentina.

After initial production, gold is subsequently refined industrially by the Wohlwill process or the Miller process. Other methods of assaying and purifying smaller amounts of gold include parting and inquartation as well as cuppelation, or refining methods based on the dissolution of gold in aqua regia.

The average gold mining and extraction costs are US$238 per troy ounce, but these can vary widely depending on mining type and ore quality. In 2001, global mine production amounted to 2,604 tonnes. At the end of 2001, it was estimated that all the gold ever mined totaled 145,000 tonnes.

Price

Like other precious metal, gold is measured by troy weight and by grams. When it is alloyed with other metals, the term carat (K) is used to indicate the amount of gold present, with 24K being pure gold and lower ratings proportionally less.

The price of gold is determined on the open market, but a procedure known as the “Gold Fixing” in London, originating in 1919, provides a daily benchmark figure to the industry.

Historically gold was used to back currency in an economic system known as the “gold standard”, a certain weight of gold was given the name of a unit of currency. For a long period, the United States government set the value of the US dollar so that one troy ounce of gold was equal to US$20.67. But in 1934, the dollar was revalued to $35.00 per troy ounce. By 1961, it was becoming hard to maintain this price, and a pool of US and European banks agreed to manipulate the market to prevent further currency devaluation against increased gold demand. On March 1968, economic circumstances caused the collapse of the gold pool, and a two-tiered scheme was established whereby gold was still used to settle international accounts at the old $35.00 per troy ounce, but the price of gold on the private market was allowed to fluctuate. This two-tiered pricing system was abandoned in 1975 when the price of gold was left to find its free-market level. Central banks still hold historical gold reserves as a store of value although the level has generally been declining. The largest gold depository in the world is that of the US Federal Reserve Bank in New York, which holds about 3% of the gold ever mined.

Since 1968, the price of gold on the open market has ranged widely, with record high of $850/oz on 21 Jan. 1980 to a low of $252.90/oz on 11 May 2006.

Platinum

History

Naturally-occurring platinum have been known for a long time. Though the metal was used by pre-Columbia Native Americans, the first European reference to platinum appeared in 1557 in the writings of Italian humanist Julius Caesar Scaliger (1484-1558) as a description of a mysterious metal found in Central America. The word platinum comes from the Spanish word platina, meaning ‘little Silver.”

Platinum was discussed by astronomer Antonio de Ulloa and Don JorgeJuan Santacilia (1713-1773), both appointed by King Philip V to join a geographical expedition in Peru that lasted from 1735 to 1745. Among other things, Ulloa observed the platina del pinto, the unworkable metal found with gold in Colombia.

Characteristics

Platinum is a chemical element with symbol Pt and atomic number 78. A heavy, malleable, ductile precious grey-white metal. It is corrosion resistant. It also possesses high resistance to chemical attack and stable electrical properties. Platinum does not oxidize in air at any temperature. It is insoluble in hydrochloric and nitric acid, but does dissolve in the mixture known as aqua regia.

Application

Platinum's wear- and tarnish-resistance characteristics are well suited for making fine jewelry. It is also used in laboratory equipment, electrical contacts, dentistry, and automobile emission control devices.

Because of its outstanding catalytic properties platinum is used in catalytic converters, incorporated in automobile exhaust system, and the tips of spark plugs.

Production

Platinum is an extremely rare metal, occurring as only 5 ppb in the earth's crust.

Platinum occurs in alluvial placer deposits in South Africa, Colombia, Canada, the Ural Mountains and western American states. South Africa is the largest producer of platinum in the world.

Platinum is often found chemically uncombined as native platinum and alloyed with iridium as platiniridium. The platinum arsenide is a major source of platinum associated with nickel ores in the Sudbury Basin deposit in Ontario, Canada Platinum is produced commercially as a by-product of nickel-ore processing in the Sudbury Basin deposit.

World supply of platinum is around 199,000 kg per year.

Rarity and Price

Platinum is much more rare than gold. Its rarity has caused advertisers to associate it with exclusivity and wealth. “Platinum awards” are the second highest honor, ranking above gold, silver and bronze, only below diamond. The frame of the crown of Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother manufactured for her Coronation as Consor of King George VI, is made of platinum. It was the first British crown to be made of that metal.

Platinum's production cost fluctuates around US$1,100 per ounce. Due to its rarity, platinum is a highly priced metal, much more than gold.

Particle Accelerator

A particle accelerator is a device that uses electric fields to propel electrically charged particles to high speed. These high speed particles contain high energy.

Particle Bombardment Technique

Particles accelerated by particle accelerator to high energy can be used to bombard target elements for conducting experiments This is called particle bombardment technique.

Nuclear Fusion

Nuclear fusion is the process by which multiple nuclei join together to form a heavier nucleus. It is accompanied by the release or absorption of energy depending on the masses of the nuclei involved.

Cold Fusion

Cold fusion is a nuclear fusion process that occurs at normal temperature.

SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT INVENTION

The main object of the present invention is to provide a man made method to produce gold, which is precious metal and has high market value.

Another main object of the present invention is to provide a man made method to produce platinum, which is precious metal and has high market value.

Another object of the present invention is to man made gold by using particle bombardment technique.

Another object of the present invention is to man made platinum by using particle bombardment technique.

Another object of the present invention is to man made gold by utilizing particle accelerator to accelerate Lithium particles to high speed. These high speed Lithium particles contain high energy. Then let these high energy Lithium particles to bombard Osmium element. Then elements Lithium and Osmium undergo cold fusion process that they are combined to produce element gold.

Another object of the present invention is to man made platinum by utilizing particle accelerator to accelerate Helium particles to high speed. These high speed Helium particles contain high energy. Then let these high energy Helium particles to bombard Osmium element. Then elements Helium and Osmium undergo cold fusion process that they are combined to produce element platinum.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING

None

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

It was proved by experiment and reported in publication that, by utilizing particle bombardment technique, we can use particle accelerator to accelerate the particles of element Chromium (atomic symbol Cr) to high speed. These high speed Chromium particles contain high energy. Then let these high energy Chromium particles to bombard the element Bismuth (atomic symbol Bi). Then elements Chromium and Bismuth undergo cold fusion process that they are combined to produce the element Bohrium (atomic symbol Bh) and one neutron atomic symbol n).

In equation, it is described as

Cr+Bi→Bh+n  (1)

The total atomic number on both sides of equation (1) are balanced as:

atomic number on the left side of equation (1)

element                          atomic number
Cr                               24
Bi                               83
Total atomic number on left side is 107

atomic number on right side of equation (1)

element                          atomic number
Bh                               107
Neutron                          0
Total atomic number on right side is 107

So, both sides of the equation (1) have total atomic number 107.

Also, total atomic mass on both sides of equation (1) are balanced as:

atomic mass on left side of equation (1)

element                          atomic mass
Cr                               54
Bi                               209
Total atomic mass on left side is 263

atomic mass on right side of equation (1)

element                          atomic mass
Bh                               262
Neutron                          1
Total atomic mass on right side is 263

So, both sides of equation (1) have atomic mass 263.

Using the same theory and technique, we can use particle accelerator to accelerate the particle of element Lithium (atomic symbol Li) to high speed. These high speed Lithium particles contain high energy. Then let these high energy Lithium particles to bombard the element Osmium (atomic symbol Os). Then elements Li and Os undergo cold fusion process that they are combined to produce element Gold (atomic symbol Au).

In equation, it is described as

Li+Os→Au  (2)

The total atomic number on both sides of equation (2) are balanced as:

atomic number on the left side of equation (2)

element                          atomic number
Li                               3
Os                               76
Total atomic number on left side is 79

atomic number on right side of equation (2)

element                          atomic number
Au                               79
Total atomic number on right side is 79

So, both sides of equation (2) have atomic number 79.

Also, the atomic mass on both sides of equation (2) are balanced as:

atomic mass on left side of equation (2)

element                          atomic mass
Li                               7
Os                               190
Total atomic mass on left side is 197

atomic mass on right side of equation (2)

element                          atomic mass
Au                               197
Total atomic mass on right side is 197

So, both sides of the equation (2) have atomic mass 197.
This proves the equation (2) is valid.

Using the same theory and technique, we can use particle accelerator to accelerate the particles of element Helium (atomic symbol He) to high speed. These high speed Helium particles contain high energy. Then use these high energy He particles to bombard the element Osmium (atomic symbol Os). Then elements He and Os undergo cold fusion process that they are combined to produce element Platinum (atomic symbol Pt).

In equation, it is described as

He+Os→Pt  (3)

The atomic number on both sides of equation (3) are balanced as atomic number on the left side of equation (3)

element                          atomic number
He                               2
Os                               76
Total atomic number on left side is 78

atomic number on right side of equation (3)

element                          atomic number
Pt                               78
Total atomic number on right side is 78

So, both sides of equation (3) have atomic number 78

Also, the atomic mass on both sides of equation (3) are balanced as:

atomic mass on left side of equation (3)

element                          atomic mass
He                               4
Os                               190
Total atomic mass on left side is 194

atomic mass on right side of equation (3)

element                          atomic mass
Pt                               194
Total atomic mass on right side is 194

So, both sides of equation (3) have atomic mass 194
This proves the equation (3) is valid.

Claims

1-11. (canceled)

12. A Gold production process by cold fusion of Lithium and Osmium elements, comprising the following steps:

a. This method uses element particle bombardment technique.

b. This bombardment technique uses particle accelerator.

c. Lithium particles are accelerated by particle accelerator to high speed.

d. These high speed Lithium particles contain high energy.

e. These high energy Lithium particles are used to bombard target Osmium element.

f. Then, elements Lithium and Osmium undergo cold fusion process that they are combined to produce element Gold.

13. A Platinum production process by cold fusion of Helium and Osmium elements, comprising the following steps:

a. This method uses element particle bombardment technique.

b. This bombardment technique uses particle accelerator.

c. Helium particles are accelerated by particle accelerator to high speed.

g. These high speed Helium particles contain high energy.

h. These high energy Helium particles are used to bombard target Osmium element.

f. Then, elements Helium and Osmium undergo cold fusion process that they are combined to produce element Platinum.