LIQUID COOLING SYSTEM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
A liquid cooling system for an internal combustion engine includes a coolant pump, an air-to-liquid heat exchanger, and a bypass loop for allowing coolant to circulate from the coolant pump to the engine without passing through the heat exchanger. A thermostatic valve mounted within a thermostat housing and including a temperature-responsive primary valve element and bypass flow control will control the flow of coolant with a spring-loaded valve disc having a conical, annular sealing surface configured for linear contact with the valve seat.
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BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION1. Field of the Invention
This disclosure relates to a liquid cooling system for a reciprocating internal combustion engine.
2. Related Art
Automotive internal combustion engines operate in a variety of temperature extremes. The first duty of a cooling system is to maintain the engine's operating temperature within a fairly narrow range. As exhaust emission control requirements tighten, this function has increased in importance.
In addition to controlling the ultimate temperature at which an engine operates following warm up, the cooling system desirably provides rapid warm up of the engine so as to provide heat to the passenger cabin of a vehicle as quickly as possible. To this end, coolant is circulated through a bypass, which allows the coolant to move through the engine without passing through the air-to-liquid heat exchanger, commonly termed a radiator. Once the engine attains the desired operating temperature, flow through the radiator is initiated.
The transition between bypass flow and flow through the radiator must be managed carefully so as to avoid undesirable transient flow conditions such as valve hammer, a condition characterized by a high frequency seating and unseating of the valve disc. This has presented a problem with known thermostatic temperature control devices.
It would be desirable to have a cooling system with a thermostatic valve permitting finer control of coolant temperature and flow during warm up of the engine, particularly during switchover from bypass to full flow through the radiator.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTIONAccording to an aspect of the invention, a liquid cooling system for an internal combustion engine includes a coolant pump, an air-to-liquid heat exchanger, and a bypass loop for allowing coolant to circulate from the coolant pump to the engine without passing through the heat exchanger. A thermostat housing is operatively connected with the coolant pump, as well as with the heat exchanger and the bypass loop. A thermostatic valve mounted within the thermostat housing includes a temperature-responsive primary valve element for controlling the flow of coolant between the coolant pump and the heat exchanger and a bypass flow control coupled to the primary valve element for controlling the flow of coolant through the bypass. The bypass flow control includes a resiliently-loaded valve disc having a conical, annular sealing surface configured for linear contact with the valve seat.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the valve disc further includes a number of continuously open bypass orifices formed in the valve disc. The valve disc is itself mounted upon a stem extending from a temperature-responsive element which operates the primary valve element.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the thermostatic valve has at least a first position in which the primary valve element is closed and the bypass flow control is open to a maximum extent and a second position in which the primary valve element is open and the bypass flow control is open to a minimum extent.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a bypass flow control includes a valve disc having a conical, annular sealing surface configured for linear contact with a valve seat incorporated within the thermostat housing. Stated another way, the bypass flow control includes a spring-loaded valve disc with a frustoconical, annular sealing surface configured for wedging contact with the thermostat housing's valve seat.
It is an advantage of a liquid cooling system according to the present invention that transitions between bypass flow, which excludes the engine's radiator, and full flow, which includes the radiator, will be managed in a manner so as to avoid unwanted temperature excursions.
It is a further advantage of a liquid cooling system according to the present invention that the thermostatic valve will exhibit superior durability characteristics as compared with prior art valves.
Other advantages, as well as features of the present invention, will become apparent to the reader of this specification.
As shown in
When engine 10 is below the desired operating temperature, thermostatically responsive valve 34 will not allow coolant to flow through radiator hose 20 and into radiator 18. Rather, coolant flows through a bypass loop, 22, which is shown as including a passageway to and from water pump 14 and through cylinder heads 12 and cylinder block 11, but without including flow through radiator 18. This bypass flow allows engine 10 to warm up more rapidly. The lower temperature condition of valve 34 is shown in
Primary valve element 38 has a temperature-responsive motor in the form of wax pellet motor 42, which has a plunger 44. When engine 10 is cold, wax pellet motor 42 is in a retracted position, allowing primary valve element 46 to shut off flow to radiator 18. Once engine 10 comes to a warmed up operating temperature, however, notice from
Returning now to
When thermostatic valve element 34 is in the position shown in
It is thus seen that wax pellet motor 42 functions as a thermally responsive linear actuator which positions bypass valve disc 58 against seat 72. As noted above, when thermostatic valve element 34 is in the position shown in
Although thermostatic valve element 34 is illustrated as having a first position in which primary valve element 46 is closed and bypass flow control disc 58 is open, and a second position in which primary valve element 46 is open and bypass flow control disc 58 is open to a minimum extent while closed against seat 72, other types of thermostatic control devices may employ the present temperature-responsive primary valve element and bypass valve disc in multiple locations or operational configurations.
The foregoing invention has been described in accordance with the relevant legal standards, thus the description is exemplary rather than limiting in nature. Variations and modifications to the disclosed embodiment may become apparent to those skilled in the art and fall within the scope of the invention. Accordingly the scope of legal protection afforded this invention can only be determined by studying the following claims.
Claims
1. A liquid cooling system for an internal combustion engine, comprising:
- a coolant pump;
- an air-to-liquid heat exchanger;
- a bypass loop for allowing coolant to circulate from the coolant pump to the engine without passing through the heat exchanger;
- a thermostat housing operatively connected with said coolant pump, as well as with said heat exchanger and said bypass loop; and
- a thermostatic valve mounted within said thermostat housing, with said thermostatic valve comprising: a temperature-responsive primary valve element for controlling a flow of coolant between said coolant pump and said heat exchanger; and a bypass flow control, coupled to said primary valve element, for controlling a flow of coolant through said bypass, with said bypass flow control comprising a resiliently biased valve disc having a conical, annular sealing surface configured for linear contact with a valve seat.
2. A liquid cooling system according to claim 1, wherein said valve disc further comprises a plurality of continuously open bypass orifices formed in said valve disc.
3. A liquid cooling system according to claim 1, wherein said valve disc is mounted upon a stem extending from a temperature-responsive element which operates said primary valve element.
4. A liquid cooling system according to claim 1, wherein said valve seat is incorporated within said thermostat housing.
5. A liquid cooling system according to claim 1, wherein said thermostatic valve has at least a first position in which said primary valve element is closed and said bypass flow control is open to a maximum extent, and a second position in which said primary valve element is open and said bypass flow control is open to a minimum extent.
6. A liquid cooling system according to claim 1, wherein said valve disc is spring loaded.
7. A thermostatic valve for use within a cooling system of a liquid cooled internal combustion engine, comprising:
- a temperature-responsive primary valve element for controlling a flow of coolant between a coolant pump and a heat exchanger; and
- a bypass flow control, coupled to said primary valve element, for controlling a flow of coolant through a warm up bypass, with said bypass flow control comprising a valve disc having a conical, annular sealing surface configured for linear contact with a valve seat.
8. A thermostatic valve according to claim 7, wherein said primary valve element is positioned normally closed by a resilient member and opened by a thermally responsive linear actuator.
9. A thermostatic valve according to claim 7, wherein said valve disc is configured to permit a partial flow past the disc when the disc is in contact with a valve seat.
10. A thermostatic valve for use within a cooling system of a liquid cooled internal combustion engine, comprising:
- a temperature-responsive, linearly actuated primary poppet valve for controlling a flow of coolant between a coolant pump and a heat exchanger; and
- a bypass flow control, resiliently coupled to said poppet valve, for controlling a flow of coolant through a warm up bypass, with said bypass flow control comprising a resiliently-loaded valve disc having a frustoconical, annular sealing surface configured for wedging linear contact with a valve seat.
11. A thermostatic valve according to claim 10, wherein said resiliently-loaded valve disc is configured for contact with a valve seat incorporated within a thermostat housing.
12. A thermostatic valve according to claim 10, wherein said resiliently-loaded valve disc is spring-loaded.
Type: Application
Filed: Jan 18, 2008
Publication Date: Jul 23, 2009
Inventors: Kevin P. O'Flynn (Saline, MI), Jody M. Slike (Farmington Hills, MI)
Application Number: 12/016,500
International Classification: F01P 7/16 (20060101);