CONCRETE BUILDING STRUCTURES
A concrete building structure is formed or a concrete unit having a closed trapezoid shape of four interconnected sidewalls. The unit is formed of interconnected pre cast concrete sections or cast-in-place sidewalls. A pair of units may be arranged in an abutting side-by-side pair configuration. A plurality of units may be arranged in various configurations, inner and outer concentric rings and in a multi level tiered arrangement. Hallways are formed between adjacent units and may be covered by a deck.
This application claims priority benefit to the Jun. 18, 2008 filing date of co-pending U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/073,485, in the name of Hubert Gillespie for “Concrete Building Structures”, the contents of which are incorporated herein in its entirety.
SUMMARYConcrete building structures are disclosed.
In one aspect, the building structures in the form of a concrete unit having a closed trapezoid shape formed of four interconnected sidewalls. The concrete unit may be formed of a plurality of interconnected precast concrete sections or cast-in-place sidewalls
A top deck may be supported in the sidewalls. The top deck may include at least one hollow core plank section with one or more support beams extending between the sidewalls. Substantially extending vertically extending coiffures may be formed in at least one of the sidewalls. The coiffures open to the interior of the concrete unit.
A pair of units may be arranged in a side-by-side pair configuration. A single common wall may form abutting portions of the pair of units.
The sidewalls of each unit may include a pair of equal length, non-parallel sidewalls interconnected by two substantially parallel sidewalls. The pair of first equal length non-parallel sidewalls may be formed by dividing a pair of inner and outer concentric circles into 16 substantially identical volume units, with two intervening, substantially parallel sidewalls.
First interior angles are formed by one end of each of the pair of non parallel sidewalls and one of the parallel sidewalls. Second interior angles are formed between opposed ends of the non-parallel sidewalls at a first equal angle and other parallel sidewalls at a second equal angle.
A plurality of side-by-side abutting units may be arranged in a continuous unitary structure in the form of a continuous circular ring and a regular shape having opposed, spaced ends, a closed oval configuration in a substantially linearly line having opposed ends.
At least one hall way having at least one open end may be interposed between two facing sidewalls of two adjacent units. An upper deck may be disposed over and closing the hallway. A lintel may extend from each space sidewall the two adjacent units into the hallway to support the upper deck.
In another aspect, a plurality of units may be arranged in at least two stacked or tiered levels. At least one of a stairway or an elevator may be disposed between the at least two stacked levels. Decking may extend between the inner walls of a plurality of units forming a closed configuration.
In another aspect, a side-by-side arranged units may be arranged in two concentric circles formed of a first inner ring and a radially outward spaced second ring. A circular deck may be mounted over a space formed between the first and second rings of units. A plurality of stacked levels of units may be formed in at least one or both of the first and second rings. A stairway or an elevator may be disposed between at least two levels of units. Decking may extend between the inner walls of the plurality of units forming a closed unit configuration.
The various features, advantages and other uses of the concrete building structures described hereafter will become apparent by referring the following detailed description and drawing in which:
It will be understood that the use of the term “concrete” hereafter to form the various building structures will mean any type of commercially available concrete, including any type of concrete composition suitable for building structures, including building structures formed of concrete, or concrete and other non-concrete materials, such as bricks, wood, composites, etc., or concrete with reinforced steel or rebar, or concrete sections, panels or beams which are formed of cast-in-place concrete with or without reinforced steel using pre-made forms, as well as precast concrete sections of any width and shape which are precast to the desired shape, thickness, and strength and then assembled to form the walls, deck, and roof of a building structure, and structured or engineered concrete sections which are precast into the desired shape and also assembled into the complete structure, and combinations of precast concrete sections, cast-in-place concrete sections and structural or engineered sections.
It will also be understood that the following description of a single building module or unit as having a trapezoidal shape will be understood to also cover building structures having trapezoid-like shapes with a closed periphery and four major sides.
“Trapezoidal” as used herein will be understood to mean a quadrilateral shape having two parallel and two non-parallel sides, with a first pair of equal interior angles and a second pair of different equal interior angles as well as shapes having a substantially quadrilateral-like appearance with four sides arranged in a closed shape, where the sides are linear, curved or multi-faceted.
The terms “inner, outer, side and top” will be understood to have their normal meaning in the orientation of a building structure and/or building module as described herein. In general, each building module will be described as having a first pair of non-parallel sidewalls and a second pair of parallel sidewalls, all four sidewalls interconnected at adjacent ends to form a closed building module or unit.
Referring now to
Although the walls 62, 64, 66 and 68 are shown as being linear from end to end, it will be understood that any of the walls and, in particular, the two parallel walls 66 and 68, can have other shapes, such as curved, sinuous or multi-faceted similar to a bay window.
The sidewalls 62 and 64, while generally linear for abutting interconnection to other modules, as described hereafter, can also have non-linear shapes, particularly for stand-alone module configurations.
The walls 62, 64, 66 and 68 have opposed vertically extending ends which abut or are joined to each other at exterior edges 70, 72, 74 and 76 to form a closed periphery for the module 60. A deck 80 is placed over the upper edges of each of the walls 62, 64, 66 and 68 to close the interior of the module 60.
The module 60 is depicted in the drawing as having a trapezoidal shape, by way of example. The interior angles between the ends of the first inner wall 66 and the adjacent sidewalls 62 and 64 are equal. Likewise, the interior angles between the opposed ends of the second outer wall 68 and the adjacent sidewalls 62 and 64 are also equal, but different from the angles between the ends of the walls 62, 64, and 66.
By way of example, the trapezoidal shape of the module 60 shown in
The ability to interconnect a plurality of modules 60 into a circular ring or other shapes, as described hereafter, as well to provide a stand-alone module 60, all optimized for maximum interior volume of the module(s) 60 and a minimum exterior outer diameter footprint, results from dividing a circular arrangement of identical modules 60 arranged with the sidewalls 62 and 64 of each module 60 abutting the sidewalls 62 and 64 of adjacent modules 60, as shown in
At the same time, the length of the walls 62, 64, 66, and 68 may be selected to provide a desired interior volume for each module 60. In this manner, the inner diameter of the ring of module 60 and the outer diameter of the ring of module 60 may be selected to provide a specific interior volume to each of the modules 60 to optimize or minimize the exterior diameter of the circular ring, while maximizing the interior dimensions of each module 60. This enables different inner and outer diameter dimensions to be selected for the circular ring to provide a single circular ring, or concentric inner and outer rings of modules as shown in
In all of the inner and outer diameter configurations of the module 60 arranged in circular rings or in adjacent, substantially identical, but spaced shapes formed of a plurality of adjacent module 60, interior angles between the sidewalls and the inner and outer walls 66 and 68 remain as described above. These angles provide an interior corner space at each interior corner of the module 60 which is open enough to facilitate full use of the interior corner space without being too small or tight an angle to prevent usage for furniture, etc.
The cross sectional view of
As shown in
The doors 82 and 84 can be any size or shape, including single panel doors, double panel doors, sliding doors, etc. The windows 84 can be of any size, shape, and type and can be provided in any number on either of the walls 66 and 68.
As shown in
As also seen in
The load bearing ends and optionally the outermost stem 113 of the outermost deck sections 110 are supported on ledges 117 formed in the sidewalls 62, 64, 66 and 68. An upper portion 111 of the sidewalls 62, 64, 66, or 68 closed off the open ends of the deck sections 110 between the stems 113.
In another aspect shown in
Individual deck sections 110a, 110b, 110c etc, may be sealed at facing side edges by suitable sealing material. In addition, the deck sections 110a, 110b, etc., can be mechanically joined to each other by means of studs, and/or other concrete fasteners.
Referring back to
A floor 122, which may be a poured concrete floor, is placed on the ground 120 within the foundation 118 and between the walls 62, 64, 66 and 68.
In the aspect of the module 60 as shown in
In any of the arrangements of two side-by-side modules 60 in a single ring or other shaped configurations, inner and outer rings, or stacked, multi-level arrangements, the two adjacent, side-by-side, modules will have adjacent, substantially abutting sidewalls 62 and 64. Particularly when cast-in-place processes are used for forming the modules 60, the two adjacent walls 62 and 64 of a pair of side-by-side arranged modules 60 may be replaced by a single common wall 220 as shown in
The coffers 100 may be lengthwise spaced from each other along the respective surfaces 102 of the adjacent modules 60, or provided in aligned pairs as shown in
Referring now to
Notches 130 are formed at a position spaced from an upper edge 132 of the at least opposed pair of walls 66 and 68. The notches 130 receive one end of an engineered hollow core planking 136 which spans the space between the walls 66 and 68. A topping surface 138 formed of concrete or other material is placed on top of the planking 138 to form the upper surface of the deck 80 as well as the bottom floor surface of any upper levels, as described hereafter.
As shown in
The building module or prime unit 60 may be employed by itself as a single unit for human occupation as a home residence, office, or as a single storage unit. As shown in
As shown in
The deck 160, which is thinner than the deck 80 used in each of the modules 60, can be formed of a plurality of precast concrete sections or panels, or as hollow core planking. In addition, the decks 160 interconnect the plurality of modules 60 into a continuous circle or ring which adds continuity, rigidity, and strength to the ring arrangement of modules 60.
The hallways 154 facilitate easy access to the interior courtyard 150 as well as to any interior disposed doors of the individual modules 60.
The circular arrangement of a plurality of side-by-side disposed modules 60 may also be provided in concentric rings with two or more concentric rings, such as the inner and outer rings 170 and 172 shown by example in FIGS. 24-26-28. In this configuration, the inner diameter of the first inner ring 170 may be smaller than the inner diameter of the single ring shown in
The interior volume and the length of each of the walls 62, 64, 66 and 68 forming each of the modules 60 used in the first inner ring 170 and the individual walls 176, 178, 180, and 182 of each of the modules 174 used in the second outer ring 172 may be different than the dimensions of the walls 62, 64, 66 and 68 for the module 60 in the single ring configuration shown in
As shown in
A circumferentially extending and generally circular hallway or space 184 is disposed between the outer walls 68 of the modules 60 in the first inner ring 70 and the inner walls 180 of the modules 174 in the second outer ring 172. The hallway 184 may be open between the decks 80 and 183 of the modules 60 and 174 or may be covered by a deck as described hereafter.
Each of the rings 170 and 172 may be formed without any radially extending hallways 154 as shown in
Referring to
The individual modules 173 or 174, arranged, for example, in the circular ring-like configuration described above, may also be stacked on top of each other to form multiple levels or stories, such as the three levels shown by way of example only in
The individual modules 60 may have any configuration and type of doors and windows. The outer walls 68 of the modules 60 in the second and third levels 192 and 194 would not normally include any doors unless an exterior balcony or deck surface is provided or connected to each such module 60.
The modules 60 in the first or lower level 190 would be provided with openable closures or doors 84 in the form of hinged doors, sliding doors, French doors, etc., in the walls 66, respectively, which open to ground level.
Likewise, doors would not be provided on the inner walls 66 of modules 60 in the second and third levels 192 and 194 60 unless a balcony or deck is provided. The modules 60 in the lower level 190 may have a door 82 on the inner wall 66 opening to the courtyard 150. Likewise, a door may be provided in the outer wall 182 of each module 174 and a second outer ring 172 opening to ground level.
Doors may be provided on the inner walls 180 of each of the modules 60 in the second and/or third levels 192 and 194 and in the second outer walls 68 of the modules 60 in the second and/or third levels 192 and 194 of the first inner ring 170 as long as stairways and/or elevators are provided to allow access between the first or ground level and the second and third levels 192 and 194.
Stairways 210 are shown by way of example in
The stairways 210 or other people moving devices may be employed for a single ring, stacked arrangement of modules 60, as shown in
As mentioned previously, the trapezoidal shape of the modules 60 allows rearrangement of the modules 60 into many different configurations. As shown in
The arcuate or circular ring structures described previously may be provided in shorter length arcs with shorter length straight line sections to form any irregular shaped configuration 232, which has a smoothly curved sinuous shape shown in
The alternating or opposed radially facing arcuate segments may also be arranged in a continuous closed, irregularly shaped configuration 250 as shown in
As shown in
At the opening of each access bay 288, whether it be from one of the stairwells 290 or from one of the elevators or escalators 292, decking may be provided between the access bay 288 and the adjacent modules 60. For example only, decking over the entire interior area 294 between the access bay 288 and the inner walls of the modules 60 in the oval shape 270 shown in
The decking 294 unifies the entire structure and increases the strength and rigidity of the building structure. In addition, the decking 294 increases the number of different uses of the building structure.
As shown in detail in
Claims
1. A building structure comprising:
- a concrete unit having a closed trapezoid shape formed of four interconnected sidewalls.
2. The building structure of claim 1 further comprising:
- a top deck supported on the sidewalls.
3. The building structure of claim 2 wherein the top deck comprises:
- at least one hollow core plank section.
4. The building structure of claim 2 further comprising:
- at least one support beam extending between at least two of the sidewalls.
5. The top deck section of claim 4 further comprising:
- at least one deck section supported by the at least one support beam.
6. The building structure of claim 1 wherein the unit comprises:
- a plurality of interconnected precast concrete sections.
7. The building structure of claim 1 wherein the unit comprises:
- cast-in-place sidewalls.
8. The building structure of claim 1 further comprising:
- substantially vertically extending coffers formed in at least one of the sidewalls and opening to an interior of the unit.
9. The building structure of claim 1 further comprising:
- a pair of units arranged in a side-by-side pair configuration.
10. The building structure of claim 9 wherein:
- a single common wall forms abutting portions of the pair of units.
11. The building structure of claim 10 further comprising:
- at least one substantially vertically extending open sided coffer formed in the common wall and facing inward into the interior of each of the pair of units.
12. The building structure of claim 1 wherein the sidewalls of the unit comprises:
- a pair of first equal-length non-parallel sidewalls formed by dividing a pair of inner and outer concentric circles into sixteen substantially identical volume units, and two intervening, substantially parallel sidewalls.
13. The building structure of claim 1 wherein the sidewalls of the unit further comprise:
- at least two equal length, non-parallel sidewalls interconnected by two substantially parallel sidewalls.
14. The building structure of claim 13 further comprising:
- first interior angles formed by one end of each of the pair of non-parallel sidewalls and one of the parallel sidewalls at an equal first angle; and
- second interior angles between opposed ends of the pair of non-parallel sidewalls and the other parallel sidewalls at a second equal angle.
15. The building structure of claim 1 further comprising
- a plurality of side-by-side abutting units arranged in a continuous unitary structure.
16. The building structure of claim 15 wherein:
- the plurality of units are arranged in a continuous circular ring.
17. The building structure of claim 15 wherein:
- the plurality of units are arranged in an irregular shape having opposed, spaced ends.
18. The building structure of claim 15 wherein:
- the plurality of units are arranged in a closed oval configuration.
19. The building structure of claim 15 wherein:
- the plurality of units are arranged in a substantially linear line having opposed ends.
20. The building structure of claim 15 further comprising:
- at least one hallway having at least one open end interposed between two facing sidewalls of two adjacent units.
21. The building structure of claim 20 further comprising:
- an upper deck disposed over and closing an upper end of the hallway.
22. The building structure of claim 21 further comprising:
- a lintel extending from each spaced sidewall of the two adjacent units into the hallway and supporting the upper deck.
23. The building structure of claim 15 further comprising:
- the plurality of units arranged in at least two stacked levels.
24. The building structure of claim 23 further comprising:
- at least one of a stairway and an elevator disposed between the at least two stacked levels.
25. The building structure of claim 23 further comprising:
- decking extending between inner walls of a plurality of units forming a closed configuration.
26. The building structure of claim 15 wherein:
- the plurality of side-by-side units are arranged in two concentric rings formed of a first inner ring and a radially outward spaced second ring.
27. The building structure of claim 26 further comprising:
- a circular deck disposed over a space formed between the first and second rings.
28. The building structure of claim 26 further comprising:
- a plurality of stacked levels of units formed in a concentric first and second rings.
29. The building structure of claim 28 further comprising:
- at least one of a stairway and an elevator disposed between at least two levels.
30. The building structure of claim 28 further comprising:
- decking extending between inner walls of a plurality of units forming a closed configuration.
Type: Application
Filed: Jun 17, 2009
Publication Date: Dec 24, 2009
Inventor: Hubert R. Gillespie (Rochester Hills, MI)
Application Number: 12/486,010
International Classification: E04H 14/00 (20060101); E04H 3/00 (20060101); E04H 1/00 (20060101);