BUTTON PORT
The present disclosure relates to a surgical apparatus for positioning within an incision in tissue. In one aspect of the present disclosure, the surgical access apparatus includes an elongated seal member configured to removably receive at least one surgical object, and a deployment member. In another of the present disclosure, the surgical access apparatus includes a housing configured to removably receive at least one surgical object, an elongated member, and at least one filament. A method of percutaneously accessing an underlying surgical work site using the surgical apparatus is also disclosed.
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This application claims the benefit of and priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/075,548, filed Jun. 25, 2008, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein.
BACKGROUND1. Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to a surgical access apparatus for positioning within an incision in tissue. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to a surgical access apparatus that is adapted to removably receive one or more surgical objects, and configured for insertion into, and anchoring within, the incision.
2. Background of the Related Art
Today, many surgical procedures are performed through small incisions in the skin, as compared to the larger incisions typically required in traditional procedures, in an effort to reduce both trauma to the patient and recovery time. Generally, such procedures are referred to as “endoscopic”, unless performed on the patient's abdomen, in which case the procedure is referred to as “laparoscopic”. Throughout the present disclosure, the term “minimally invasive” should be understood to encompass both endoscopic and laparoscopic procedures.
In general, during a minimally invasive procedure, a surgical access apparatus or portal member is used to facilitate access to the surgical site with surgical instrumentation, e.g., endoscopes, obturators, staplers, and the like. A typical surgical access apparatus defines a passageway or lumen through which the surgical instrumentation is inserted and the procedure is carried out.
While many varieties of surgical access apparatus are known in the art, a continuing need exists for a surgical access apparatus that may be releasably and reliably secured within the patient's tissue throughout the duration of the minimally invasive procedure.
SUMMARYThe present disclosure relates to a surgical apparatus for positioning within an incision in tissue. In one aspect of the present disclosure, the surgical access apparatus includes an elongated seal member defining a longitudinal axis and a deployment member.
The elongated seal member is adapted to transition between first and second conditions. In the first condition, the elongated seal member defines a first transverse dimension sufficient to facilitate securement of the elongated seal member within the incision and a tissue engaging portion configured to engage the tissue in substantially sealed relation. In the second condition, the elongated seal member defines a second transverse dimension, which is less than the first transverse dimension, to facilitate insertion of the elongated seal member within the incision.
The elongated seal member is at least partially composed of an at least semi-resilient material such that the elongated seal member is biased towards the first condition thereof. The elongated seal member includes a longitudinal passageway for the reception and passage of a surgical object in substantially sealed relation.
The elongated seal member includes a proximal end, which may include a stiffening member, and a distal end, which may include a lip. The stiffening member is adapted to facilitate anchoring of the elongated seal member within the incision, and in one embodiment thereof, may be generally annular in shape. The lip extends outwardly relative to the longitudinal axis, when the elongated seal member is in the first condition, and is dimensioned to engage the tissue to resist removal of the elongated seal member therefrom.
In one embodiment, the elongated seal member defines an internal cavity that is configured to retain a fluid therein, and in another embodiment, the elongated seal member defines a variable cross-sectional dimension along the longitudinal axis.
The deployment member of the surgical access apparatus is at least partially positionable within the longitudinal passageway of the elongated seal member. The deployment member is secured to the elongated seal member along an internal surface thereof such that distal longitudinal movement of the deployment member along the longitudinal axis causes the elongated seal member to transition from the first condition to the second condition. When subjected to a predetermined force, the deployment member may be detached from the elongated seal member to permit the deployment member to be removed from the longitudinal passageway with the elongated seal member in the first condition, thereby leaving the elongated seal member within the incision to receive the surgical object. The deployment member may be releasably secured to the elongated seal member with an adhesive.
In one embodiment, the deployment member includes a sleeve having an opening to receive at least one digit of a user to thereby facilitate grasping and removal of the deployment member from the elongated seal member.
In another aspect of the present disclosure, the surgical access apparatus includes a housing configured to removably receive at least one surgical object, an elongated member extending distally from the housing, and at least one filament secured to the elongated member and extending proximally relative thereto.
The housing includes locking structure configured to engage the at least one filament and thereby maintain the second condition of the elongated member. The locking structure includes at least one channel formed in the housing that is configured to at least partially receive the at least one filament. In one embodiment, the locking structure may include a locking member that is repositionable between unlocked and locked positions. In this embodiment, the locking member defines a channel therethrough that is configured to at least partially receive the at least one filament. In the unlocked position, the channel of the locking member and the channel formed in the housing are substantially aligned, and in the locked position, the channel of the locking member and the channel formed in the housing are substantially misaligned. The locking member may be biased towards the locked position by a biasing member.
The elongated member includes a tubular braid defining an axial lumen that is configured to allow the at least one surgical object to pass therethrough. The braid is formed of a mesh of fibers which may be either substantially elastic, or substantially inelastic.
The elongated member is adapted to transition from a first condition, in which the elongated member is configured for at least partial insertion within the incision, and a second condition, in which the elongated member defines a tissue engaging portion configured to facilitate anchoring of the elongated member within the patient's tissue.
The filament, or filaments, are dimensioned for grasping by a user such that drawing the at least one filament proximally transitions the elongated member from the first condition to the second condition. The filament, or filaments, may be disposed within the lumen of the elongated member, or externally thereof. The filament, or filaments, may alternatively be secured to an intermediate or distal portion of the elongated member.
In one embodiment, the surgical access apparatus further includes a membrane disposed about at least a proximal portion of the elongated member to facilitate anchoring of the elongated member within the tissue. The membrane may also facilitate passage of the at least one surgical object through the elongated member.
In another aspect of the present disclosure, a method of percutaneously accessing an underlying surgical work site is disclosed. The first step of the method includes providing a surgical access apparatus having an elongated seal member and a deployment member.
The elongated seal member defines a longitudinal axis, a proximal end, and a distal end. The elongated seal member has a longitudinal passageway for reception and passage of a surgical object and is adapted to transition between a first condition and a second condition. In the first condition, the elongated seal member defines a first transverse dimension, and in the second condition, the elongated seal member defines a second transverse dimension. The elongated seal member comprises an at least a semi-resilient material to be normally biased towards the first condition thereof.
The deployment member is at least partially positionable within the longitudinal passageway of the elongated seal member and is secured to the elongated seal member along an internal surface adjacent the distal end thereof. Upon distal longitudinal movement of the deployment member along the longitudinal axis, the elongated seal member is caused to transition from the first condition to the second condition.
The deployment member is advanced distally within the longitudinal passageway of the elongated seal member to thereby transition the elongated seal member into the second condition, and secure the elongated seal member within the incision. Subsequently, the surgical access apparatus is inserted into the incision, the deployment member is removed from the elongated seal member, and the surgical object is inserted into the longitudinal passageway and used to perform at least one surgical function. Thereafter, the surgical object is removed from the longitudinal passageway, the elongated seal member is removed from the incision, and the incision is closed.
Various embodiments of the present disclosure are described hereinbelow with references to the drawings, wherein:
In the drawings and in the description which follows, in which like references numerals identify similar or identical elements, the term “proximal” will refer to the end of the apparatus which is closest to the user during use, while the term “distal” will refer to the end which is furthest from the user. Additionally, the term “incision” should be understood as referring to any opening in a patient's tissue, whether formed by the user or pre-existing.
With reference to
Deployment member 100 is secured to an internal surface 210 of elongated seal member 200 such that at least a portion of deployment member 100 extends proximally of elongated seal member 200. Deployment member 100 may be secured to internal surface 210 through any means suitable for the intended purpose of allowing deployment member 100 to be detached from elongated seal member 200 at the election of the user, including but not being limited to the use of a biocompatible adhesive. In one embodiment, as seen in
Elongated seal member 200 includes a proximal portion 202, an intermediate portion 204, a distal portion 206, and a passageway 208 defined by internal surface 210 and extending longitudinally through elongated seal member 200 along a longitudinal axis “A”.
Proximal portion 202 includes a proximal surface 212 extending outwardly with respect to the longitudinal axis “A” along a transverse axis “B”, and defines a first dimension D1. In one embodiment, as seen in
Intermediate portion 204 extends distally from proximal portion 202. Intermediate portion 204 and defines a second dimension D2 along transverse axis “B” and a length “L”. The second dimension D2 of intermediate portion 204 may be either substantially constant along its length “L”, or variable.
Distal portion 206 includes a lip 216 extending in transverse relation to the longitudinal axis “A”, along axis “B”, and defines a third dimension D3. Lip 216 is configured to engage tissue “T” (
The respective first and third dimensions D1, D3 of proximal and distal portions 202, 206 are each greater than the second dimension D2 of intermediate portion 204 such that elongated seal member 200 defines an “hour-glass” shape or configuration to assist in anchoring elongated seal member 200 within tissue “T” (
The outermost surfaces of proximal and distal portions 202, 206 are substantially planar in configuration. However, an embodiment is also contemplated herein in which either or both of proximal and distal surfaces 202, 206, respectively, define surfaces that are substantially arcuate to facilitate the insertion of elongated seal member 200 within incision 12.
Passageway 208 is configured to removably receive surgical object “I” (
Referring now to
To facilitate the transition of elongated seal member 200 from the first condition to the second condition, the user grasps deployment member 100 and applies a force “F” thereto that is directed distally, thereby advancing deployment member 100 in that direction. As deployment member 100 is advanced, the engagement between deployment member 100 and internal surface 210 causes intermediate portion 204 to elongate, and lip 216 to deflect, in the distal direction. It should be noted that the elongation of elongated seal member 200 during the transition thereof from the first condition to the second condition may cause portions of elongated seal member 200, e.g., intermediate and distal portions 202, 206, respectively, to deform inwardly along transverse axis “B”, thereby reducing the dimensions of elongated seal member 200, e.g., the respective dimensions D2, D3 of intermediate and distal portions 202, 206, and further facilitating the insertion of elongated seal member 200 within incision 12.
Elongated seal member 200 may be formed of any suitable biocompatible material that is at least semi-elastic and deformable in nature, e.g., silicon or memory foam. Forming elongated seal member 200 of an elastic material allows elongated seal member 200 to resiliently transition between the first and second conditions thereof, and acts to return elongated seal member 200 to its first condition upon the removal of force “F” from deployment member 100. Forming elongated seal member 200 of a material that is also deformable in nature allows intermediate portion 204 to conform to both the smaller dimensions of incision 12 upon the insertion of elongated seal member 200 therein, and permits passageway 208 to accommodate the larger dimensions of surgical object “I”.
Referring to
With respect now to
Either prior or subsequent to insufflation, incision 12 is created in the patient's tissue “T”. The dimensions of incision 12 may be varied dependent upon the nature of the procedure. However, when surgical apparatus 10 is employed during the course of procedure performed in an insufflated workspace, for reasons explained just below, it is particularly desirable to incise the tissue “T” so as to create an incision 12 defining dimensions smaller than those defined by intermediate portion 204 when elongated seal member 200 is in its first condition.
Prior to its insertion, elongated seal member 200 is in its first condition. In the first condition, the dimensions of elongated seal member 200, e.g., the respective dimensions D2, D3 of the intermediate and distal portions 202, 206, may prohibit the insertion of elongated seal member 200 into incision 12. To allow for the insertion of elongated seal member 200, the user applies a force “F” to deployment member 100, advancing deployment member 100 distally and transitioning elongated seal member 200 into its second condition. In the second condition, elongated seal member 200 is subject to a proximally directed biasing force “FB” that is created by virtue of the resilient nature of the material comprising elongated seal member 200. Biasing force “FB” resists the influence of force “F” and is exerted upon deployment member 100 through the association between deployment member 100 and elongated seal member 200. Upon transitioning into the second condition, elongated seal member 200 is inserted into incision 12 and force “F” is removed from deployment member 100. Upon the removal of force “F”, biasing force “FB” returns elongated seal member 200 to its first condition, thereby urging deployment member 100 proximally. After being restored to its first condition, tissue engaging surfaces 218 engage tissue “T” to thereby assist in securing elongated seal member 200 within the patient's tissue “T”. The user may then disengage deployment member 100 from internal surface 210 of passageway 208 by applying a predetermined force thereto, e.g., by pulling or drawing deployment member 100 proximally. Subsequently, the user may introduce one or more surgical objects “I” into passageway 208 such that the minimally invasive procedure may be carried out through apparatus 10.
As indicated above, the deformable nature of the material comprising elongated seal member 200 allows intermediate portion 204 to conform to the smaller dimensions of incision 12 in addition to allowing passageway 208 to expand and accommodate the larger dimensions of surgical object “I”. Accordingly, elongated seal member 200 may create substantially fluid-tight seals with both tissue “T” and surgical object “I”, thereby substantially preventing the escape of insufflation gas, if any, and facilitating the secure anchoring of elongated seal member 200 within tissue “T” throughout the course of the procedure.
After completing the procedure and withdrawing surgical object “I”, elongated seal member 200 may be removed from incision 12. It should be noted that the material comprising elongated seal member 200 allows for the deformation thereof during its withdrawal from incision 12 to thereby avoid any unnecessary trauma to the patient's tissue “T”. Thereafter, incision 12 may be closed.
Referring now to
Housing 300 defines a longitudinal axis “A” and may be fabricated from any suitable biocompatible material including moldable polymeric materials, stainless steel, titanium or the like. Housing 300 is configured for manual engagement by a user and includes an opening (not shown) extending therethrough that is configured for the reception and passage of a surgical object “I”. Housing 300 includes an outer wall 302 which defines a flange 304 having a distal surface 306 and may, optionally, include an internal seal or valve (not shown), such as a duck-bill or zero-closure valve, adapted to close in the absence of surgical object “I”. Examples of such an internal seal or valve may be seen in commonly assigned U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,820,600 to Carlson, et al. and 6,702,787 to Racenet et al., which issued Oct. 13, 1998 and Mar. 9, 2004, respectively, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference herein. Housing 300 further includes locking structure 308, which is discussed in further detail below.
Elongated member 400 defines an axial lumen 402 that extends therethrough, along longitudinal axis “A”. Lumen 402 is configured for the reception and passage of a surgical object “I”. Elongated member 400 is configured as a braid 404 formed of a mesh of biocompatible fibers 406. In one embodiment of elongated member 400, fibers 406 may be formed of a substantially elastic material such that elongated member 400 may expand along an axis “B” that is transverse, e.g., orthogonal, in relation to longitudinal axis “A”. However, in an alternate embodiment, fibers 406 may be formed of a substantially inelastic material, e.g., polyamide fiber, stainless steel, or the like, such that elongated member 400 experiences a measure of shortening along longitudinal axis “A” upon the introduction of surgical object “I”, further details of which may be obtained through reference to U.S. Pat. No. 5,431,676 to Dubrul et al., the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference herein. The braid 404 may be comprised of fibers 406 having any suitable configuration, including but not being limited to round, flat, ribbon-like, or square.
Filaments 500 have proximal ends 502 that extend proximally beyond housing 300 and distal ends 504 that are secured to elongated member 400 at attachment points 506. Attachment points 506 may be located at any suitable position along elongated member 400 proximal of a distal-most end 408 thereof, e.g., at a proximal section 410, an intermediate section 412, or a distal section 414. As seen in
In the first condition, elongated member 400 defines an initial length “L1” and an initial outer dimension “D1”. Length “L1” may vary depending on the intended usage for apparatus 10, but in general, “L1” will lie substantially within the range of about 10 cm to about 25 cm, although elongate members 400 that are substantially longer or shorter are also contemplated herein. The initial outer dimension “D1” of elongate member is smaller than the dimensions of incision 12 such that elongated member 400 may be inserted and advanced distally through incision 12 will little or no resistance.
Upon the application of a force “F” to filaments 500 in the direction of arrow “B”, e.g., by pulling or drawing filaments 500 proximally, elongated member 400 is shortened along the longitudinal axis “A”, thereby transitioning into the second condition. In the second condition, elongated member 400 defines a length “L2” that is appreciably less than its initial length “L1”. Additionally, in the second condition, elongated member 400 defines a tissue engaging portion 416 having an outer dimension “D2” that is appreciably greater than the outer dimension “D1” of the elongated member 400 in the first condition. Tissue engaging portion 416 contacts the patient's tissue “T” about incision 12 and, in conjunction with flange 304 of housing 300, facilitates the anchoring of apparatus 10. Additionally, tissue engaging portion 416 acts to at least partially form a seal with tissue “T”.
As previously indicated, housing 300 of apparatus 10 includes locking structure 308. Locking structure 308 acts to maintain elongated member 400 in the second condition thereof. As seen in
As seen in
In alternative embodiments, locking mechanism 318 may comprise a single locking member 320 and a single biasing member, or a plurality of locking members engagable with one or more biasing members 326.
Referring again to
Prior to the insertion of apparatus 10, elongated member 400 is in its first condition such that distal-most end 408 of elongated member 400 may be inserted into incision 12. The user then advances apparatus 10 distally until flange 304 abuts tissue “T”. Thereafter, the user draws filaments 500 proximally, thereby transitioning elongated member 400 into its second condition and forming tissue engaging portion 416. The user may then secure filaments 500 to locking structure 308 to thereby maintain the second condition of elongated member 400 and anchor apparatus 10 within incision 12. Surgical object “I” may then be inserted into and advanced distally through lumen 402 of elongated member 400 to carry out the surgical procedure through apparatus 10. It should be noted that the insertion of surgical object “I” may dilate elongated member 400 outwardly, thereby forcing tubular braid 404 outwardly along transverse axis “B” and into tighter engagement with tissue “T”, thereby further securing apparatus 10 and enhancing the quality of the seal formed by the engagement of tissue “T” with flange 304 and tissue engaging portion 416.
After completing the procedure and withdrawing surgical object “I”, filaments 500 may be disengaged from locking structure 308, e.g., untied, such that elongate member may return to its initial condition. Apparatus 10 may then be withdrawn from incision 12 and incision 12 may be closed.
Referring now to
When disposed about proximal section 410 of elongated member 400, membrane 510 engages the patient's tissue “T” upon the transition of elongated member 400 from the first condition (
As previously discussed with respect to the embodiment of
Although the illustrative embodiments of the present disclosure have been described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings, the above description, disclosure, and figures should not be construed as limiting, but merely as exemplifications of particular embodiments. It is to be understood, therefore, that the disclosure is not limited to those precise embodiments, and that various other changes and modifications may be effected therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the scope or spirit of the disclosure.
Claims
1. A surgical access apparatus for positioning within an incision in tissue, which comprises:
- an elongated seal member defining a longitudinal axis and proximal and distal ends, the elongated seal member having a longitudinal passageway for reception and passage of a surgical object, the elongated seal member being adapted to transition between a first condition defining a first transverse dimension sufficient to facilitate securement of the elongated seal member within an incision in tissue, and a second condition defining a second transverse dimension less than the first transverse dimension to facilitate insertion within the incision in the tissue, the elongated seal member comprising at least a semi-resilient material to be normally biased towards the first condition thereof; and
- a deployment member at least partially positionable within the longitudinal passageway of the elongated seal member, the deployment member secured to the elongated seal member along an internal surface thereof whereby distal longitudinal movement of the deployment member along the longitudinal axis causes the elongated seal member to transition from the first condition to the second condition, the deployment member being detached from the elongated seal member when subjected to a predetermined force to permit the deployment member to be removed from the longitudinal passageway with the elongated seal member in the first condition, thereby leaving the elongated seal member within the incision to receive the surgical object.
2. The surgical access apparatus of claim 1, wherein the elongated seal member defines a tissue engaging portion in the first condition configured to engage the tissue in substantially sealed relation.
3. The surgical access apparatus of claim 1, wherein the longitudinal passageway is configured to receive the at least one surgical object in substantially sealed relation.
4. The surgical access apparatus of claim 1, wherein the elongated seal member includes a stiffening member adjacent the proximal end and being adapted to facilitate anchoring of the elongated seal member within the incision.
5. The surgical access apparatus of claim 4, wherein the stiffening member is generally annular in shape.
6. The surgical access apparatus of claim 1, wherein the elongated seal member includes a lip adjacent the distal end and extending outwardly relative to the longitudinal axis when the elongated seal member is in the first condition, the lip being dimensioned to engage the tissue to resist removal of the elongated seal member from the tissue.
7. The surgical access apparatus of claim 1, wherein the elongated seal member defines an internal cavity configured to retain a fluid therein.
8. The surgical access apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the elongated seal member defines a variable cross-sectional dimension along the longitudinal axis.
9. The surgical access apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the deployment member is releasably secured to the elongated seal member with an adhesive.
10. The surgical access apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the deployment member includes a sleeve having an opening to receive at least one digit of a user, to thereby facilitate grasping and removal of the deployment member from the elongated seal member.
11. A surgical access apparatus for positioning within an incision in tissue to facilitate access to an underlying surgical site, the surgical access apparatus comprising:
- a housing configured to removably receive at least one surgical object;
- an elongated member extending distally from the housing and including a tubular braid defining an axial lumen configured to allow the at least one surgical object to pass therethrough, the elongated member being adapted to transition from a first extended condition, in which the elongated member is configured for at least partial insertion within the incision, and a second compressed condition, in which the elongated member defines a tissue engaging portion configured to facilitate anchoring of the elongated member within the incision; and
- at least one filament secured to the elongated member and extending proximally relative thereto, the at least one filament being dimensioned for grasping by a user such that drawing the at least one filament proximally transitions the elongated member from the first condition to the second condition.
12. The surgical access apparatus of claim 11, wherein the at least one filament is disposed within the lumen of the elongated member.
13. The surgical access apparatus of claim 11, wherein the at least one filament is secured to an external surface of the elongated member.
14. The surgical access apparatus of claim 11, further including a membrane disposed about at least a proximal portion of the elongated member to facilitate anchoring of the elongated member within the tissue.
15. The surgical access apparatus of claim 11, wherein the housing includes locking structure configured to engage the at least one filament and thereby maintain the second condition of the elongated member.
16. The surgical access apparatus of claim 15, wherein the locking structure includes at least one channel formed in the housing, the at least one channel being configured to at least partially receive the at least one filament.
17. The surgical access apparatus of claim 16, wherein the locking structure includes a locking member repositionable between unlocked and locked positions, the locking member defining a channel therethrough configured to at least partially receive the at least one filament, the channel of the locking member and the channel formed in the housing being substantially aligned when the locking member is in the unlocked position.
18. The surgical access apparatus of claim 17, wherein the channel of the locking member and the channel formed in the housing are substantially misaligned when the locking member is in the locked position.
19. The surgical access apparatus of claim 18, wherein the locking member is biased towards the locked position by a biasing member.
20. The surgical access apparatus of claim 11, wherein the braid is formed of a mesh of fibers.
21. The surgical portion assembly of claim 20, wherein the fibers are substantially elastic.
22. A method of percutaneously accessing an underlying surgical work site comprising the steps of:
- providing a surgical access apparatus comprising: an elongated seal member defining a longitudinal axis and proximal and distal ends, the elongated seal member having a longitudinal passageway for reception and passage of a surgical object, the elongated seal member being adapted to transition between a first condition defining a first transverse dimension and a second condition defining a second transverse dimension, the elongated seal member comprising at least a semi-resilient material to be normally biased towards the first condition thereof; and a deployment member at least partially positionable within the longitudinal passageway of the elongated seal member, the deployment member secured to the elongated seal member along an internal surface adjacent the distal end thereof whereby distal longitudinal movement of the deployment member along the longitudinal axis causes the elongated seal member to transition from the first condition to the second condition;
- advancing the deployment member distally within the longitudinal passageway to thereby transition the elongated seal member into the second condition and secure the elongated seal member within the incision;
- inserting the surgical access apparatus into the incision;
- removing the deployment member from the elongated seal member;
- inserting the surgical object into the longitudinal passageway;
- utilizing the surgical object to perform at least one surgical function;
- removing the surgical object from the longitudinal passageway;
- removing the elongated seal member from within the incision; and
- closing the incision.
Type: Application
Filed: May 18, 2009
Publication Date: Dec 31, 2009
Patent Grant number: 8795161
Applicant:
Inventor: Sally Carter (Wallingford, CT)
Application Number: 12/467,451
International Classification: A61B 1/32 (20060101);