Structure forming a breakwater and capable of ice free, year round operation
A structure for use in a body of water has at least one level that includes a boat lift, a narrow dock, or a larger entertainment area, or combinations of these items on multi-level structures (e.g. a boat lift on a first level and an entertainment area on a second level). The structure can be towed to or from a body of water independently of other structures. The structure includes a buoyancy system, e.g. at least one ballast tank or inflatable bladder, for allowing the structure to float in a buoyant state or to sink in a non-buoyant state into engagement with a bottom of the body of water. One or more structures such as these can be assembled to form an artificial breakwater by placing a wall or skirt on the windward side(s) thereof with each wall or skirt extending from below to significantly above the waterline. This forms a calmer area of water on the leeward side(s) thereof. In addition, an opposing wall or skirt can be placed on opposite sides of the structures to form a bounded chamber beneath the structure. A water recirculating device is used to pull up warmer water from near the bottom of the body of water and to discharge this warmer water into the bounded chamber and/or a water heating device is provided in the bounded chamber. This helps keep the structure sufficiently ice free to permit year round use if so desired even in northern climates.
This invention relates to a structure or structures capable of being easily transported to a body of water and of then being easily installed in the body of water, such as a lake, for use in water related entertainment activities, such as boating, fishing, swimming, sunbathing, entertaining guests, etc. More particularly, this invention relates to structures of this type forming an artificial breakwater providing a protected, calmer water surface on a leeward side of the breakwater and that are also capable of being left in the body of water year round even in northern climates where the body of water normally becomes ice bound or significantly ice covered during the winter.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIONThe Applicant herein is an inventor of various structures designed for use in a body of water, that can be towed to and from the body of water during installation and removal, and that have a buoyancy system of some type to allow the structure to float on the body of water to aid in positioning the structure on the body of water. The buoyancy system can be selectively changed from a buoyant to a non-buoyant state after the structure has been positioned at a desired location in the body of water. In the non-buoyant state, the structure has or is provided with enough weight that the structure will sink into engagement with the bottom of the body of water to hold the structure in place at the desired location. At the end of the summer season, the buoyancy system is changed back to its buoyant state to allow the structure to be refloated for the purpose of moving it back onto the shore of the body of water. The structure can then be towed away from the shore to a winter storage location.
Different buoyancy systems can be used on the structure. A preferred system is to use a ballast system in which a plurality of ballast tanks are selectively filled with water to enter the non-buoyant state or are selectively emptied of water in the buoyant state. The added water greatly increases the weight of the structure in the non-buoyant state to help anchor or hold the structure in place in the body of water. An alternative buoyancy system can be one or more expandable, air filled bags or bladders. When compressed air is pumped into and inflates the bags or bladders, the buoyant state is achieved. When the air is bled out of or is removed from the bags or bladders, the non-buoyant state is achieved.
The Applicant's prior U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,216,602, 7,216,603 and 7,273,019 disclose structures of the aforementioned types.
One difficulty with the enjoyment of waterfront property is the action of the wind on the water of the body of water. If the wind is blowing across a lake in one direction, it typically does not have an opportunity to create much agitation or wave action in the water adjacent the shoreline that is upwind so to speak. Often, the water is fairly calm there even with the wind blowing. But, on the opposite or downwind side of the lake, the water will be quite choppy and agitated as the wind reaches that shoreline since the wind has had a chance to move unobstructed across the surface of the lake and build up the wave action to its full extent. At this opposite downwind of the lake, the water may be so rough as to be unsuitable for many water related activities, such as swimming, fishing, or the like.
As an example of the phenomenon described above, assume a lake has a north shore and an opposite south shore separated by the width or length of the lake. When the wind blows out of the north towards the south, the water along the north shoreline of the lake will typically be fairly calm, particularly where there is a treeline or buildings along the north shoreline that form somewhat of a windbreak. But, the story will be much different on the south shore of the lake. There, after passing across the unobstructed width or length of the lake, the wave action can be very intense and rough. In addition to making it difficult to enjoy certain waterfront activities, this wave action can also lead to dramatic shoreline erosion. Such erosion is expensive to repair or if left unrepaired will dramatically decrease the value of the adjacent waterfront property.
It would be desirable for a property owner or other user of a piece of waterfront property to be able to create an area of much calmer water at or adjacent the shoreline even when the wind strikes that shoreline with its full force. It would be desirable to be able to easily and quickly provide such a calmer water area without having to place permanent structures in the body of water, which in many areas is forbidden. It would also be desirable to be able to quickly modify or rearrange the configuration of the calmer water area to suit one's need or preference. Such desires have heretofore not been met. This invention is directed to satisfying such desires.
Finally, the structures previously invented by Applicants for use in a body of water were designed to ease the task of installing the structures in the body of water in the spring and summer and of removing them in the fall or water to prevent damage to the structures from winter ice on the lake. The Applicant's prior structures meet the needs for a structure that is easy and quick to remove and install. However, if the structure could be left in place during the winter and be protected from damage by the ice, this would be potentially even more convenient and desirable to some users. Thus, this invention is also directed to providing a structure that is capable of year round operation even in ice bound or ice laden water.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONOne aspect of this invention comprises an artificial breakwater that may be placed in a body of water for creating a calmer water surface on a leeward side of the breakwater. The breakwater comprises at least one structure that may be transported to the body of water and installed in the body of water for use in the body of water and that may be removed from the body of water when use of the structure in the body of water is no longer desired. The at least one structure comprises a structure having at least one level that includes at least one component from the group of components comprising a boat lift, a deck having a relatively narrow width in relation to its length to form a dock on which a person can walk or stand, and a deck having a width that is substantially wider in relation to its length than in the case where the deck forms the dock such that the wider deck forms an entertainment area that is able to support a plurality of people and furniture. At least a pair of wheels that can be at least temporarily attached to the structure is provided to allow the structure to be transported by ground to and from the body of water and to be rolled into and out of the body of water. A buoyancy system is carried on the structure to selectively provide the structure with a buoyant state in which the structure floats on the body of water and with a non-buoyant state in which the structure sinks into the body of water until the structure engages against a bottom of the body of water. A wall or skirt extends substantially along at least one windward side of the structure when the structure is installed in the body of water. The wall or skirt is located with a portion thereof extending from at least slightly below to above a waterline formed by the body of water against the windward side of the structure when the body of water is calm. The wall or skirt extends sufficiently above the waterline to have a height above the waterline that is substantially equal to at least an average or median size of waves that occur on the body of water and that push against the windward side of the structure, whereby the wall or skirt is effective to create a calmer water surface on the leeward side of the structure due to the wall or skirt being able to block the waves on the windward side.
Another aspect of this invention comprises a structure for use in a body of water. The structure has at least one level that includes at least one component from the group of components comprising a boat lift, a deck having a relatively narrow width in relation to its length to form a dock on which a person can walk or stand, and a deck having a width that is substantially wider in relation to its length than in the case where the deck forms the dock such that the wider deck forms an entertainment area that is able to support a plurality of people and furniture. At least a pair of wheels that can be at least temporarily attached to the structure is provided to allow the structure to be transported by ground to and from the body of water and to be rolled into and out of the body of water. A buoyancy system is carried on the structure to selectively provide the structure with a buoyant state in which the structure floats on the body of water and with a non-buoyant state in which the structure sinks into the body of water until the structure engages against a bottom of the body of water. A wall or skirt extends substantially along at least one side of the structure when the structure is installed in the body of water, the wall or skirt being located with a portion thereof extending from at least slightly below to above a waterline formed by the body of water. An opposing wall or skirt extends substantially along an opposed side of the structure with the opposing wall or skirt also being located with a portion thereof extending from at least slightly below to above a waterline formed by the body of water. Together, the walls or skirts form a bounded chamber extending under the structure between the opposed sides of the structure. A device is installed in a position in the body of water to provide a gap between the walls or skirts of the structure and an adjacent ice sheet in the body of water. The gap providing device comprises at least one device chosen from a group of devices comprising a water recirculating device that pulls warmer water from near the bottom of the body of water into the bounded chamber and a water heating device that heats the water in the bounded chamber, thereby to create an ice free zone substantially around the structure to permit the structure to remain in the body of water during the winter.
This invention will be described more completely in the following Detailed Description, when taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout.
One aspect of this invention comprises a structure 2 for use in a body of water, or a plurality of such structures 2 that are placed in an interconnected configuration in the body of water, and to a method of using and placing such structures 2 in a body of water, to create an artificial breakwater 4. This aspect of this invention will be described in conjunction with
Referring first to
Structures 2 as disclosed in the above referenced US Patents further include a set of wheels (not shown) that are at least temporarily attached to base 6 of structure 2, either through the use of a set of wheels that can be installed on structure 2 and then removed from structure 2 after structure 2 is in the body of water or through the use of a set of wheels that are simply left on structure 2 whether structure 2 is in the body of water or not. In either case, the wheels are at least temporarily attached to structure 2 to allow structure 2 to be towed over the surface of a road at road speeds when the wheels are so attached. For this purpose, the wheels comprise a set of pneumatic rubber wheels mounted on axle(s) or the like that are built to permit road towing speeds to be achieved, e.g. at least 30 mph or so. This permits the user to transport structures 2 to the body of water in which structures 2 are to be used.
Furthermore, each structure 2 disclosed in the above referenced U.S. Patents includes at least one level 14 supported atop base 6 of structure 2. Referring to
Referring to
This invention involves the use of structures 2 as the building blocks for creating an artificial breakwater 4 adjacent a shoreline 5 in the body of water. A plurality of dock structures 2a are shown being used together in
In a preferred embodiment, each dock structure 2a is equipped to use a tow hitch 18 on one end of dock structure 2a that is easily removable from and installable on dock structure 2a. As shown in
The purpose of making tow hitch 18 removable from dock structure 2a is to allow a plurality of dock structures 2a to be aligned end-to-end with one another to form an elongated assembled dock configuration without tow hitches 18 sticking out and interfering with this aligned end-to-end relationship. Such an aligned end-to-end relationship is shown in
In addition, each dock structure 2a has, at least along one side of dock structure 2a, a vertical wall or skirt 24 along substantially the entire length of dock structure 2a. As shown in
Wall or skirt 24 can be vertically adjustable along the side of dock structure 2a as shown by the phantom line illustration thereof in
Wall or skirt 24 is attached to at least the normally windward side and/or end of dock structure 2a. The term normally windward is meant to refer to the side of structure 2 that normally experiences the most wave action, measured either in terms of frequency or intensity or some other desired parameter. Thus, the normally windward side of dock structure 2a would be the side of dock structure 2a against which the wind most often blows (the frequency parameter), or against which the wind blows with the most force (the intensity parameter), or the like. In the case of a plurality of dock structures 2a used adjacent a shoreline 5 on one side of a lake, as shown in
As shown in
This creates an artificial breakwater 4 that blocks the action of the waves W against the normally windward side of the configuration and creates a very calm or substantially calmer area of water on the leeward side of the configuration. This calmer area of water is identified as 26 in
Referring now to
Structures 2 disclosed in
A water recirculating device 30 known as the Ice Eater is manufactured and sold by the Power House Inc. Referring to
Referring to
Dock structure 2a is further modified to have a pair of walls or skirts 24 extending along the length of dock structure 2a on opposite sides of dock structure 2a. One of these walls or skirts can be wall or skirt 24 used on the normally windward side of dock structure 2a as explained with respect to
With opposed walls or skirts 24 on both sides of dock structure 2a and along the length of dock structure 2a, and with the recirculating flow from water recirculating device 30 being discharged between these opposed walls or skirts, the Applicant herein has discovered that dock structures 2a will have an ice free zone around them during the winter as depicted by gaps 46 between the edge of ice sheet 48 and the sides of dock structure 2a as shown in
As shown in
In structures 2 shown in
In some circumstances, the water depth beneath structures 2 or the assemblage of structures may be too shallow for water recirculating device 30 to be able to draw up sufficiently warm subsurface water to keep structures 2 ice free during the winter. In this case, as shown in
Referring again to
The solar panel array 81, wind turbine 82, and battery 83 have been shown in
However, the solar panel array 81, wind turbine 82, and battery 83 could be used as well on the smaller dock structures 2a, although wind turbine 82 must always be somewhat elevated or shielded to prevent any risk of injury to users from the rotating blades of the wind turbine. In addition, such devices could be split up and used on multiple ones of the structures 2a and 2b. For example, wind turbine 82 could be used on the top level of a multi-level structure 2b, the battery 93 could be placed on the bottom level of the multi-level structure 2b, and the solar panel array 81 could be placed on a dock structure 2a. The solar panel array 81 and wind turbine 82 are electrically connected by a circuit 84 to battery 83. Solar panel array 81 and wind turbine 82 can be used together jointly as shown or only the solar panel array 81 or wind turbine 82 could be used individually without using the other.
Referring now to
A thermostat or timer control device 88 can measure the air or water temperature inside bounded chamber 44, or the passage of time, to turn the water recirculating device 30, and/or the water heating device 86 if used, off and on according to the environmental conditions inside the bounded chamber 44 or according to a preset time schedule. For example, if control device 88 is a thermostat, devices 30 and/or 86 will run when the measured air or water temperature in chamber 44 is below a certain threshold and will be shut off when the measured air or water temperature in chamber 44 is above a certain threshold. If control device 88 is a timer, devices 30 and/or 86 will be cycled on and off according to a schedule, i.e. one hour on, one hour off, etc. Using such a control device 88 can decrease the energy usage compared to a situation where the devices 30 and/or 86 constantly operate.
Preferably, the gaps 46 between ice sheet 48 and the sides of structure 2 should be managed so as not to grow too large or too small. In a structure 2 intended for year round use, walls or skirts 24 will desirably extend all the way to the top of structure 2, i.e. up to the deck or floor of structure 2, so that the bounded chamber 44 is closed off at the top and does not leak warm air out over the top of the walls or skirts 24. In addition, walls or skirts 24 desirably extend at least as low as the bottom of ice sheet 48. When ice sheet 48 typically freezes down as far as the lake bottom, then walls or skirts 24 should desirably extend down fairly close to the lake bottom as well.
In any event, the use of water recirculating device 30, or the use of water heating device 86, or the use of both devices 30 and 86 together, to warm up and circulate the water inside bounded chamber 44 is what helps keep structure 2 from becoming ice bound during the winter. To keep a nice vertical edge on the ice sheet 48 without the gaps 46 being too large or too small, the walls or skirts 24 could be provided with a plurality of vents 90 to allow the warm, recirculating water to pass out through the sides of the walls or skirts 24 into the gaps 46 adjacent the ice sheets 48. Then, the control device 88 could be used to turn the devices 30 and/or 86 on and off according to a measured air or water temperature, or a time schedule, that is empirically determined in connection with the size and placement of vents 90 to achieve the desired result of keeping the size of gaps 46 within a desired range, e.g. a gap 46 at least three inches wide but not exceeding six inches wide.
Various modifications of this invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Thus, the scope of this invention is to be limited only by the appended claims.
Claims
1. An artificial breakwater that may be placed in a body of water for creating a calmer water surface on a leeward side of the breakwater, which comprises:
- (a) at least one structure that may be transported to the body of water and installed in the body of water for use in the body of water and that may be removed from the body of water when use of the structure in the body of water is no longer desired, wherein the at least one structure comprises: (i) a structure having at least one level that includes at least one component from the group of components comprising a boat lift, a deck having a relatively narrow width in relation to its length to form a dock on which a person can walk or stand, and a deck having a width that is substantially wider in relation to its length than in the case where the deck forms the dock such that the wider deck forms an entertainment area that is able to support a plurality of people and furniture; (ii) at least a pair of wheels that can be at least temporarily attached to the structure to allow the structure to be transported by ground to and from the body of water and to be rolled into and out of the body of water; and (iii) a buoyancy system carried on the structure to selectively provide the structure with a buoyant state in which the structure floats on the body of water and with a non-buoyant state in which the structure sinks into the body of water until the structure engages against a bottom of the body of water; and
- (b) a wall or skirt extending substantially along at least one windward side of the structure when the structure is installed in the body of water, the wall or skirt being located with a portion thereof extending from at least slightly below to above a waterline formed by the body of water against the windward side of the structure when the body of water is calm, wherein the wall or skirt extends sufficiently above the waterline to have a height above the waterline that is substantially equal to at least an average or median size of waves that occur on the body of water and that push against the windward side of the structure, whereby the wall or skirt is effective to create a calmer water surface on the leeward side of the structure due to the wall or skirt being able to block the waves on the windward side.
2. The breakwater of claim 1, wherein the wall or skirt is vertically adjustable on the structure to allow proper placement of the wall or skirt relative to the waterline.
3. The breakwater of claim 1, wherein more than 50% of the wall or skirt is located above the waterline.
4. The breakwater of claim 1, further including a plurality of the at least one level structures that are installed in the body of water and that are abutted with each other with the walls or skirts thereon extending substantially continuously along the windward sides of the abutted structures to form a longer breakwater than a breakwater formed by a single structure.
5. The breakwater of claim 4, wherein the plurality of structures that are abutted with each other include a plurality of structures in which the structures have only a single level and that single level includes a deck having a relatively narrow width in relation to its length to form a dock on which a person can walk or stand, and wherein the plurality of dock structures are assembled end-to-end in forming the breakwater.
6. The breakwater of claim 5, wherein the dock structures have tow hitches that are installable or removable from one end of the dock structures, the tow hitches being removed from any ends of the dock structures that would interfere with an adjacent dock structure when the dock structures are placed in their end-to-end relationship before such dock structures are so assembled relative to one another.
7. The breakwater of claim 5, wherein the plurality of structures that are abutted with each other include at least one structure in which the at least one level of the structure includes a component chosen from the group of components comprising the boatlift and the entertainment area.
8. The breakwater of claim 7, wherein the plurality of structures that are abutted with each other include at least one structure having two levels comprising upper and lower levels, and wherein the lower level of the structure includes the boatlift and the upper level includes the entertainment area.
9. The breakwater of claim 8, wherein the two level structure is inserted into the end-to-end relationship of the dock structures such that an entrance to the boatlift is not obstructed by the dock structures but is open with at least one dock structure abutting against at least one side of the dock structure that is perpendicular to the entrance to the boatlift, and wherein the wall or skirt on the two level structure is placed on a side of the two level structure that is opposite to the entrance to the boatlift with the entrance to the boatlift being located in the area of calmer water formed by the breakwater.
10. The breakwater of claim 1, wherein an opposing wall or skirt is placed on a leeward side of the structure such that the windward wall or skirt and the leeward wall or skirt form a bounded chamber between the windward and leeward sides of the structure, and further including a water recirculating device installed in a position in the body of water to pull warmer water from near the bottom of the body of water into the bounded chamber to create an ice free zone around the structure to permit the structure to remain in the body of water during the winter.
11. The breakwater of claim 1, wherein the structure supports the at least one component on an open framework formed by a plurality of longitudinal and transverse beams that are rigidly connected together but with the framework formed thereby being sufficiently open to the passage of water and without having a hull or solid bottom such that the structure without more would sink when placed in the body of water.
12. A structure for use in a body of water, which comprises:
- (a) a structure having at least one level that includes at least one component from the group of components comprising a boat lift, a deck having a relatively narrow width in relation to its length to form a dock on which a person can walk or stand, and a deck having a width that is substantially wider in relation to its length than in the case where the deck forms the dock such that the wider deck forms an entertainment area that is able to support a plurality of people and furniture;
- (b) at least a pair of wheels that can be at least temporarily attached to the structure to allow the structure to be transported by ground to and from the body of water and to be rolled into and out of the body of water;
- (c) a buoyancy system carried on the structure to selectively provide the structure with a buoyant state in which the structure floats on the body of water and with a non-buoyant state in which the structure sinks into the body of water until the structure engages against a bottom of the body of water;
- (d) a wall or skirt extending substantially along at least one side of the structure when the structure is installed in the body of water, the wall or skirt being located with a portion thereof extending from at least slightly below to above a waterline formed by the body of water;
- (e) an opposing wall or skirt substantially along an opposed side of the structure, wherein the opposing wall or skirt is also located with a portion thereof extending from at least slightly below to above a waterline formed by the body of water, wherein the walls or skirts form a bounded chamber extending under the structure between the opposed sides of the structure; and
- (f) a device installed in a position in the body of water to provide a gap between the walls or skirts of the structure and an adjacent ice sheet in the body of water, wherein the gap providing device comprises at least one device chosen from a group of devices comprising a water recirculating device that pulls warmer water from near the bottom of the body of water into the bounded chamber and a water heating device that heats the water in the bounded chamber, thereby to create an ice free zone substantially around the structure to permit the structure to remain in the body of water during the winter.
13. The structure of claim 12, wherein the at least one level of the structure includes a boatlift.
14. The structure of claim 13, wherein the at least one level of the structure includes a pair of walkways along opposite sides of the boatlift, and wherein the walls or skirts are located on exterior sides of the walkways.
15. The structure of claim 12, wherein the gap providing device is electrically operated by a source of electrical power carried on the structure or on an adjacent shoreline of the body of water.
16. The structure of claim 15, wherein the source of electrical power carried on the structure comprises at least one component from the group of components comprising a battery, an electrical power generating windmill, and an electrical power generating solar panel.
17. The structure of claim 16, wherein the structure is a multi-level structure having a lower level and an upper level, and wherein at least one component from the group of components comprising the windmill and the solar panel is located on the upper level of the structure.
18. The structure of claim 17, wherein the lower level of the structure has the boat lift and the upper level of the structure forms the entertainment area.
19. The structure of claim 12, wherein the bounded chamber extends substantially perpendicularly from an inner end adjacent a shoreline of the body of water to an outer end that is located further away from the shoreline than the inner end, and wherein the gap providing device comprises a water recirculating device that is oriented relative to the structure to direct the water being discharged from the water recirculating device back through the bounded chamber towards the shoreline.
20. The structure of claim 12, wherein the gap providing device comprises a water recirculating device that in use is adjacent to some portion the structure, and further including an elongated conduit or hose connecting an inlet of the water recirculating device to a deeper portion of the body of water.
21. The structure of claim 12, wherein the gap providing device is flexibly tethered to the structure.
22. The structure of claim 12, wherein the buoyancy system includes at least one ballast tank carried on the structure which ballast tank is substantially filled with water when the ballast tank is in the non-buoyant state thereof, and wherein the gap providing device comprises a water recirculating device and the water being discharged by the water recirculating device is routed into and out of the at least one ballast tank.
23. The structure of claim 22, wherein the structure has a plurality of extensible legs for supporting the structure in a level orientation on the bottom of the body of water, and wherein the water being discharged by the water recirculating device is routed out of the at least one ballast tank and then into and out of at least one of the extensible legs.
24. The structure of claim 12, wherein the structure has a plurality of extensible legs for supporting the structure in a level orientation on the bottom of the body of water, and wherein the gap providing device comprises a water recirculating device and the water being discharged by the water recirculating device is routed into and out of at least one of the extensible legs.
25. The structure of claim 12, wherein the walls or skirts have a plurality of vents leading from the bounded chamber through the walls or skirts to a position at or below the waterline of the body of water.
26. The structure of claim 26, further including a control device for turning the gap providing device on and off in accordance with an air or water temperature in the bounded chamber or in accordance with a time schedule.
Type: Application
Filed: Sep 19, 2008
Publication Date: Mar 25, 2010
Inventor: Carl K. Towley, III (Alexandria, MN)
Application Number: 12/284,356