Mechanical maze puzzle
The mechanical puzzle of the present invention includes concentrically arrangeable cylinders in which a pin projects from a first cylinder to engage with a groove which forms a maze pattern on a concentrically adjacent second cylinder. The puzzle may be solved by rotating and advancing or retracting the cylinders with respect to one another to move the pin from a starting point through a continuous passage and to an ending point. The puzzle may have multiple cylinders with multiple pin/groove pairs, may have different pin/maze arrangements, may be constructed of plastic, wood, or other material, may include secret compartments, may vary in diameter and skill level to suit users of differing mental and physical abilities, and may have interchangeable components to minimize obsolescence from user fluency.
The present invention relates to the field of mechanical puzzles, and more particularly to a puzzle which includes a plurality of cylinders of varying diameters which may be concentrically arranged inside one another such that a pin projection on one or more cylinders may be engageable with a groove which forms a maze on an adjacent cylinder, thereby allowing a user to advance, rotate, and/or retract one or more of the cylinders with respect to the adjacent cylinder to navigate the pin projection through the groove in an attempt to solve the puzzle either by aligning the cylinders with one another concentrically in a pre-determined position or by fully disengaging the cylinders from one another.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIONMechanical puzzles have permeated societies around the world for thousands of years and are generally best known for their entertainment value to both adults and children. In addition to their amusement potential, mechanical puzzles may be used as aids for improving cognitive and/or physical skills where a user may have limited ability because of age (either very young or very advanced in years) or impairment.
Currently available mechanical puzzles span a wide range, including, for instance, sequential movement puzzles. Generally, these puzzles require a user to physically manipulate pre-attached puzzle pieces to arrive at a solution based on color matching, pattern matching, or the like. Sequential movement puzzles come in a variety of shapes, sizes, configurations, and levels of difficulty. Manipulation of almost all sequential movement puzzles requires a considerable degree of mental skill and fine motor control, placing even the simplest puzzle out of reach of very young users and those with limited brain function or motor control. Further, although the initial solution to many sequential movement puzzles is often difficult, such as for Rubik's Cube, for example, it is typically the case that the solution may be successfully and easily duplicated once discovered, thereby significantly reducing the entertainment value of the puzzle.
Conventionally available mechanical puzzles also include what are known in the art as dexterity challenges. One of the more commonly known puzzles in this category involves a labyrinth through which an accompanying ball is manipulated by carefully tilting the entire puzzle to avoid having the ball fall into randomly placed holes. Sinking the ball into any of the holes requires a user to begin the game again. Like sequential movement puzzles, however, dexterity challenges are also subject to reduced entertainment value over time because repetitive solving is so easily achieved once the series of physical manipulations necessary to successfully solve the puzzle becomes known.
Additionally, where labyrinths are not equipped with a transparent cover to ensure that the ball does not become separated from the game, the game may be rendered useless by loss of the ball. Conversely, where a transparent cover is in place, the ball may become wedged between the cover and the labyrinth such that a user must stop the game to dislodge the ball, each interruption making it necessary to restart the game from the beginning. Like sequential movement puzzles, labyrinth puzzles require a great degree of fine motor control for successful manipulation. This generally places most labyrinth-type puzzles out of the reach of very young children and those with diminished control of the hands or arms.
Finally, most conventionally available mechanical puzzles, including those mentioned supra, rely to a great degree on a user's vision for color or pattern matching (as with sequential movement puzzles) or visualization of a solution path (as with labyrinth-type puzzles). This factor removes most such puzzles from the ambit of yet another group of potential puzzle solvers who may be visually impaired.
What is therefore needed is a mechanical puzzle which may be suitable for a wide range of users of different age groups, skill levels, and physical abilities. The ideal puzzle may be sized to fit a variety of different-sized grips to make it easy for both children and adults to grasp.
Additionally, the ideal puzzle could be worked by most users regardless of limited mental ability or restricted range of motion in the hands or upper extremities. Moreover, the ideal puzzle could be worked by individuals without regard to limited or absent vision. Finally, the degree of difficulty of the ideal puzzle would be variable to accommodate most users and to minimize the possibility of user fluency and subsequent puzzle obsolescence.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONThe mechanical puzzle of the present invention includes a set of concentrically arranged cylinders, which may include one or more cylinders with a pin projection and one or more cylinders bearing a groove which forms a maze. The pin projection may preferably be sized such that it easily engages with the groove and may be moved from a starting point through a continuous groove and toward an ending point by advancing, rotating, and/or retracting the cylinders with respect to one another.
The puzzle of the present invention may be available in a variety of skill levels based either on degree of difficulty of the maze pattern or on visibility of the maze while working the puzzle. For example, easier versions may allow a user to view the maze while manipulating the puzzle, intermediate versions may allow a user to view only part of the maze while working the puzzle, and more difficult versions may occlude the maze from a user's view altogether while the puzzle is being worked.
Mazes may range from very straightforward to very complex, further determining the degree of difficulty of the puzzle. The cylinder to be extracted may also be labeled with messages designed to come into a user's view successively as he progresses through the puzzle, thereby allowing the user gage his progress or compare his skills to the skills of others.
The size of the puzzle, and more particularly the size of the outermost cylinder, may be available in different diameters to fit a variety of grips. The overall size of the puzzle may conceivably be any size as long as the relative size of the cylinders allows them to be concentrically arranged with respect to one another and leaves sufficient space between them to allow them to slide over one another while maintaining a pin-groove connection.
The puzzle of the present invention may have multiple embodiments, including, but not limited to, a version in which a pin on a first cylinder projects inward to engage with an outwardly directed maze on a concentrically adjacent smaller cylinder; a version in which a pin on a first cylinder projects outward to engage with an inwardly directed maze on a concentrically adjacent larger cylinder; a version which includes a hidden canister which becomes accessible when the puzzle is successfully solved; versions with multiple concentrically arranged cylinders having a pin/maze combination between each pair of adjacent cylinders; and versions with multiple concentrically arranged cylinders having 2 oppositely disposed pins which are engageable with opposite sides of a single maze between them.
The puzzle of the present invention may preferably be constructed of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) though the puzzle may conceivably be constructed from any of a number of other materials such as molded plastic or other polymer, metal, fiberglass, cardboard, wood, or even glass, for example. The potentially large number of possible maze patterns and visibility combinations may provide sufficient variety to make the puzzle suitable for virtually any user. Moreover, the availability of differently sized puzzles may make it optimal for users with varying degrees of mental capacity and physical ability.
The invention, its configuration, construction, and operation will be best further described in the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
The description and operation of the invention will be best initiated with reference to
An optional lanyard 48 is shown connected to a first anchoring structure 49 on the inner surface 32 of first cylinder 23 adjacent second end 27 and to a second anchoring structure 50 on the outer surface 43 of second cylinder 35 adjacent first end 37. Lanyard 48 may be included to ensure that first and second cylinders 23 and 35 remain in close proximity to one another when they are disjoined. Lanyard 48 may preferably be of a length which allows first cylinder 23 to be passed through second cylinder 35 to the extent necessary to completely solve puzzle 21. Anchoring structures 49 and 50 are illustrated as eye loops but may be any structures which secure lanyard 48 and allow first cylinder 23 to be passed through second cylinder 35, including structures that may even allow lanyard 48 to be released from either or both of cylinders 23 or 35.
First cylinder 23 may preferably be ⅞ of an inch in diameter, and second cylinder 35 may preferably be about 1 and ¼ inches in diameter, although the size of cylinders 23 and 35 may conceivably be any size as long as the relative size of cylinders 23 and 35 allows them to be concentrically arranged with respect to one another and leaves sufficient space between them to allow them to move slidably over one as pin 33 is manipulated through with groove 47.
Although cylinders 23 and 35 may conceivably be constructed of any of a variety of materials such as polymer, metal, fiberglass, cardboard, wood, or even glass, for example, they are preferably made of plastic or a similarly lightweight material. More visible, and possibly easier, versions of puzzle 21 may be achieved by constructing second cylinder 35 of a transparent material (such as plexiglass, for example) which would allow a user to view groove 47 while puzzle 21 is being worked. Cylinder 35 may also be mostly opaque but may include transparent portions so that a user may view some part of groove 47 while working puzzle 21. Finally, second cylinder 35 may be constructed of a completely opaque material to force users to rely on mental acuity and memory to navigate pin 33 through groove 47.
Groove 47 may be machine-cut, using a computer-driven lathe, for example, or may be hand cut. Groove 47 may preferably be approximately 5/32 of an inch wide, or about 1/32 of an inch larger than pin 33. Groove 47 may extend into inner surface 45 and only partially through second cylinder 35 or may extend completely through second cylinder 35 and outer surface 43. Where groove 47 extends completely through second cylinder 35, it may be necessary to reinforce outer surface 43 of second cylinder 35 to maintain its structural integrity, especially where groove 47 may completely bisect second cylinder 35 radially by design.
Both cylinders 23 and 35, and thus the overall size of puzzle 21, may be sized to accommodate a wide range of grip sizes. For example, cylinders with bigger diameters may be more ideal for very young, very old, arthritic, or motor-challenged users because of their difficulty grasping small or narrow objects. Conversely, cylinders with smaller diameters may be desirable where there is a need to improve fine motor skills through physical therapy for injury or restricted range of motion, or even where a more compact version of puzzle 21 would be preferable (during travel, for example).
First cylinder 23 may preferably be approximately 14 inches long and second cylinder 35 may be about 12 inches long. Although first and second cylinders 23 and 35 may be virtually any length, it may be preferable for first cylinder 23 to be about 2 inches longer than second cylinder 35 to allow a user enough room to comfortably grasp second end 27 of first cylinder 23 while working puzzle 21.
Although puzzle 21 is described as being worked in a particular direction, users may work puzzle 21 in a first direction by advancing pin 33 on first end 25 of first cylinder 23 into groove 47 at first end 37 and toward second end 41 of second cylinder 35, or, alternatively in a second direction by retracting pin 33 at first end 25 of first cylinder 23 away from second end 41 of cylinder 35 and toward (and ultimately out of) first end 37 of second cylinder 35. Working the puzzle 21 in the first direction may be required to achieve the pin 33 placement necessary to work the puzzle in the second direction where groove 47 is accessible from only one end of second cylinder 35.
Although pin 33 is illustrated in
Where groove 47 is accessible from both ends of second cylinder 35, puzzle 21 may more readily lend itself to speed contests and the like, and therefore may benefit from markings to distinguish one end from the other (each end marked with a different color or symbol, for example). The ability to distinguish one end from another may provide a common starting points for all players in a given contest and may also discourage players from cheating by improperly flipping the puzzle over and extracting the pin from the starting point as though it were the ending point (as opposed to properly moving the pin completely through the maze). Optional lanyard 48 may also be used to determine the whether first cylinder 23 has passed through second cylinder 35. Although lanyard 48 is illustrated as being attached to outer surface 43 of second cylinder 35 adjacent to first end 37, lanyard 48 may conceivably be attached anywhere on outer surface 43 of second cylinder 35 as long as the length of lanyard 48 is sufficient to allow first cylinder 23 to be passed completely through second cylinder 35.
A canister 65 may fit into accommodation space 63 such that when first cylinder 23 is advanced toward canister 65, first end 25 of first cylinder 23 exerts force on canister 65, which compresses spring 61 in turn. Groove 47 may preferably be designed so that moving pin 33 into a blind passage of groove 47 causes canister 65 to be trapped by first cylinder 23. Spring 61 is shown between end piece 57 and canister 65, but may conceivably be located between canister 65 and first end 25 of first cylinder 23.
Canister 65 is shown as having a lid 67 but may conceivably have any of a variety of accesses, including a hidden access. Compression of spring 61 by canister 65 when puzzle 55 is fully assembled may prevent canister 65 from shifting about inside second end 41 of second cylinder 35, potentially helping to conceal its presence. Conversely, canister 65 may be removed from second cylinder 35 once groove 47 is successfully navigated so that first cylinder 23 may be removed.
While
Puzzle 71 may further include a third cylinder 81 having a first end 83, a second end 85, an outer surface 87, and an inner surface 91. The length of cylinder 81 may preferably be about 12 inches to match the preferred length of the main portion of first and second cylinders 23 and 35. Third cylinder 81 may include a groove 93 on its inner surface 91 and may have a diameter larger than that of second cylinder 35 which closely approximates the diameter of handles 73 and 75 of first and second cylinders 23 and 35, respectively, to prevent any two adjacent cylinders (either 23 and 35 or 35 and 81) from being withdrawn as a pair without having worked both of pins 33 and 77 through grooves 47 and 77, respectively, so that two independent solutions must be determined sequentially to some degree. The use of handles 73 and 75 requires each of grooves 47 and 77 to be navigated by each of pins 33 and 77, respectively, before either first cylinder 23 or second cylinder 35 can be withdrawn from third cylinder 81.
To solve puzzle 71, a user may extract first cylinder 23 from first end 37 of second cylinder 35 by manipulating first cylinder 23 to move pin 33 through groove 47, and may subsequently extract second cylinder 35 from second end 85 of third cylinder 81 by manipulating second cylinder 35 to move pin 77 through groove 93. Although handles 73 and 75 are illustrated at opposite ends of puzzle 71 in
The solution to the maze of
To successfully solve the maze of
The mazes of
Maze patterns which may be used with puzzle embodiments described in
Additionally, although maze patterns in
Finally, although the invention has been derived with reference to particular illustrative embodiments thereof, many changes and modifications of the invention may become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, included within the patent warranted hereon are all such changes and modifications as may reasonably and properly be included within the scope of this contribution to the art.
Claims
1. A puzzle comprising:
- a first cylinder having a first end, a second end, and an outwardly directed radial surface extending between the first and second ends;
- a second cylinder having a first end, a second end, an inwardly directed radial surface extending between the first and second ends, and an outwardly directed radial surface extending between the first and second ends and oppositely disposed from the inwardly directed radial surface of the second cylinder, and wherein the first cylinder is insertable into the second cylinder such that the outwardly directed radial surface of the first cylinder opposes the inwardly directed radial surface of the second cylinder and wherein the first cylinder is slidably rotatable and translatable within the second cylinder;
- and wherein one of the outwardly directed radial surface of the first cylinder and the inwardly directed radial surface of the second cylinder supports a first pin projection, and the other one of the outwardly directed radial surface of the first cylinder and the inwardly directed radial surface of the second cylinder includes a first groove, and wherein a maze pattern is formed by the first groove, and wherein the first pin projection is engageable with the first groove and is guidably moveable through the first groove by rotation and translation of the first and second cylinders with respect to one another.
2. The puzzle recited in claim 1 wherein the length of the first cylinder exceeds the length of the second cylinder to form a first handle adjacent the second cylinder.
3. The puzzle recited in claim 1 wherein the first groove extends to and opens adjacent one of the first and second ends of the cylinder including the first groove so that the first pin may be disengaged from the first groove to allow the first cylinder to be removed from and/or re-inserted into the second cylinder.
4. The puzzle recited in claim 1 wherein the first pin projection is supported by the outwardly directed radial surface of the first cylinder and wherein the first groove is included by the inwardly directed radial surface of the second cylinder.
5. The puzzle recited in claim 1 wherein the first pin projection is adjacent one of the first and second ends of the first cylinder.
6. The puzzle recited in claim 1 wherein the first pin projection is midway between the first and second ends of the first cylinder.
7. The puzzle recited in claim 1 wherein the first pin projection is supported by the inwardly directed radial surface of the second cylinder and the first groove is included by the outwardly directed radial surface of the first cylinder.
8. The puzzle recited in claim 1 wherein one of the first and second ends of the second cylinder is enclosed, and wherein the enclosed end of the second cylinder includes an accommodation space.
9. The puzzle recited in claim 8 and further comprising a canister supportable within the accommodation space.
10. The puzzle recited in claim 9 and further comprising a spring adjacent the canister.
11. The puzzle recited in claim 2 and further comprising:
- a third cylinder having a first end, a second end, an inwardly directed radial surface extending between the first and second ends, and an outwardly directed radial surface extending between the first and second ends and oppositely disposed from the inwardly directed radial surface of the third cylinder;
- and wherein the second cylinder is insertable into the third cylinder such that the outwardly directed radial surface of the second cylinder is adjacent the inwardly directed radial surface of the third cylinder, and wherein the second cylinder is slidably rotatable and translatable within the third cylinder, and wherein one of the outwardly directed radial surface of the second cylinder and the inwardly directed radial surface of the third cylinder supports a second pin projection and the other one of the outwardly directed radial surface of the second cylinder and the inwardly directed radial surface of the third cylinder includes a second groove, and wherein a maze pattern is formed by the second groove.
12. The puzzle recited in claim 11 wherein the second groove extends to and opens adjacent one of the first and second ends of the cylinder supporting the second groove so that the second pin may be disengaged from the second groove to allow the second cylinder to be removed from and re-inserted into the third cylinder.
13. The puzzle recited in claim 12 wherein the length of the first cylinder exceeds the length of the third cylinder to form a first handle adjacent the third cylinder, and wherein the length of the second cylinder exceeds the length of the third cylinder to form a second handle adjacent the third cylinder.
14. The puzzle recited in claim 13 wherein an outside diameter of the first and second handles formed by the first and second cylinders is greater than the inside diameter of the third cylinder.
15. The puzzle recited in claim 11 wherein one of the first and second grooves includes a blind passage.
16. The puzzle recited in claim 11 wherein one of the surfaces supporting the first and second grooves further includes a third groove which is not continuous with either the first or the second grooves and from which the pin cannot be moved into either of the first and second grooves.
17. The puzzle recited in claim 11 wherein one of the first and second grooves includes a loop.
18. The puzzle recited in claim 11 wherein the first groove on the inwardly directed radial surface of the second cylinder and the second groove on the outwardly directed radial surface of the second cylinder are replaced by a common slot.
19. The puzzle recited in claim 11 wherein at least two of the first, second, and third cylinders are attached to each other by a flexible member.
Type: Application
Filed: Nov 3, 2008
Publication Date: May 6, 2010
Inventor: Robert Thomas Mitchell Ingman, SR. (Peachtree City, GA)
Application Number: 12/290,766
International Classification: A63F 9/08 (20060101);