CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION This application claims the priority benefit of Aarts, Netherlands Patent Application Serial No. 2002595, filed on Mar. 5, 2009, entitled “Apparatus And Method For Sealing Bags,” the contents of which are expressly incorporated herein by reference in their entirety, including any references therein.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to an apparatus and method for sealing bags. The invention more specifically relates to an apparatus and method for wrapping at least an adhesive strip of tape around at least part of the neck of a bag, especially for industrial and semi industrial packaging of products in bags.
BACKGROUND It is known to gather the neck of a bag in an industrial closure device and provide a clip around the neck, closing the bag. The clip can for example be a plastic or metal strip, folded around the neck, or a plastic plate shaped clip with a slit forced over the neck.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An aim of the present invention is to provide an alternative to these known apparatus and methods. Another aim of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for sealing a bag without the necessity of adding metal or relatively stiff plastic plate shaped elements.
There is furthermore a desire to provide a closure device or method which can process containers substantially at a continuous pace. Moreover it would be desirable to have an apparatus or method for closing containers using tape, especially adhering tape, which closure can easily be opened again, preferably without the necessity to use cutlery, tools or a users teeth.
One or more of these and/or other aims can be obtained with an apparatus and/or method according to invention.
In a first aspect an apparatus for sealing flexible bags can comprise a gathering assembly for a neck of a flexible container such as a bag. Such gathering means and/or the apparatus can include at least a transport means and at least one tape dispenser. The gathering assembly comprises, by way of example, a star wheel and the tape dispenser comprises a guide for guiding tape from the tape dispenser over part of the star wheel. The transport means can extend into or along at least a cell of the star wheel, wherein the star wheel is coupled to the transport means, such that when the transport means is driven, feeding the neck of the bag into a cell of the star wheel, the star wheel is driven intermittently.
In a second aspect a method for sealing flexible containers can comprise each of the steps or combination of the steps of:
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- leading a strip of adhesive tape along part of a star wheel, such that the tape extends over an opening of at least one cell of said star wheel;
- gathering neck material of a container by feeding the neck material into the cell of the star wheel in a first direction, keeping the star wheel substantially stationary during said gathering, such that the tape is forced against an inside wall of said cell and around the gathered neck material;
- rotating the star wheel over an angle, such that the gathered neck material, tied into a closed state by at least the tape, can be moved out of the cell in a second direction;
- adhering a foil strip to part of the tape; and
- during or following said rotation of the star wheel feeding and/or holding tape over an opening of a next cell of the star wheel.
The star wheel is driven, for example, over said angle by a drive means, separate from the container itself.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS By way of example an apparatus and method shall be described hereafter, schematically and in relative detail, with reference to the drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 schematically shows a top view of an apparatus, interposed between feeding means and discharge means for containers, such as bags;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an apparatus for sealing containers, from a first side;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an apparatus according to FIG. 2, with at least part of the gathering means removed;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an apparatus according to FIGS. 2 and 3, from a second (opposite) side;
FIG. 5 is a side view of the apparatus depicted, by way of illustrative example, in FIGS. 2-4;
FIG. 6 a cross section view of a lower portion of the apparatus of FIG. 5, taken along the line A-A in FIG. 5 cutting though a common axis 30 upon which wheels 27 and 28 are mounted;
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of part of the exemplary gathering means;
FIG. 8 is a frontal view of the illustrative gathering means of FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of part of an illustrative embodiment, showing a roll of foil strip and a knife assembly;
FIGS. 10A-D depict, in simplified form, four steps of sealing a bag during transport through the star wheel; and
FIGS. 11A, B and C depict in illustrative frontal views the star wheel engaged by a rotary element (11A), for rotating the star wheel over a predetermined angle, prevented from rotating by the rotating element (11B), and a side view of the rotating element and part of the star wheel (11C).
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS In this description the same, similar or corresponding parts can have the same or corresponding reference signs. The embodiments shown and described are exemplary embodiments only and should by no means be understood as limiting the scope of protection sought as defined by the claims. The apparatus and methods according to the invention are described in relation to flexible containers such as bags. These can for example be plastic or paper bags. This should not be considered limiting.
In FIG. 1 a top view is depicted of part of an apparatus 1 for sealing containers, such as bags 4, between feeding means 2 and discharge means 3. The feeding means 2 can, for example, comprise an endless belt, chain, mat or other transporting devices for transporting bags 4 in a feeding direction F. In FIG. 1 the bags 4 are shown lying on a side, with a neck 5 and an open side 6 thereof facing in one direction T, substantially perpendicular to the feeding direction Fin. The discharge means 3 can, for example, comprise an endless belt, chain, mat or other transporting devices for transporting bags 4 in a discharge direction Fout. A product P or several products can be provided for enclosure in the bags 4. In this respect sealing should be understood as comprising at least providing a seal around a gathered neck of the bag, closing off the open side 6 thereof substantially, preferably entirely, by tape and/or foil.
Substantially between, and extending partly above and partly below facing ends 2A, 3A of the feeding means 2 and discharge means 3 respectively, a gathering assembly 7 is provided. The gathering assembly comprises a star wheel 8, as will be discussed hereafter. The star wheel 8 is, in the illustrative, embodiment largely positioned between a first wheel 9 and a second wheel 10 substantially above a guide surface 11 over which the bags 4 can be guided from the feeding means 2 to the discharge means 3. The wheels 9, 10 can be part of transport means 13. The aim of the gathering assembly 7 is at least to grab a neck 5 of a bag 4 and gather the neck into a bundle within a cell 12 of the star wheel 8 as schematically shown, in FIG. 10, in cross sectional view. Providing the wheels 9, 10 at opposite sides of the star wheel 8 allows the bag 4 to be grabbed at both sides of the wheel 8, such that gathering is improved. In the embodiment shown in, for example, FIGS. 2, 7 and 8, a third wheel 14 is provided in the transport means 13, upstream from, and in front of, the second wheel 10. A snare or band 15 is guided over the second wheel 10 and the third wheel 14. The third wheel 14 is mounted on an axis 16 between a first bracket 17 and a second bracket 18. The second bracket 18 can extend along the band 15 and be connected to or carry the axis 20 of the second wheel 10. The first bracket 17 can extend on the opposite side of the star wheel 8 and be connected to an axis 19 of the first wheel 9. The brackets 17, 18 can be pivotally mounted on an arm 21 connected to the housing by a spring loaded mount 22, such that the wheels 9, 10 and/or the band 15 are pushed in the direction of the guide surface 11. The band 15 and third wheel 14 can extend above the feeding means 2, such that at least the band 15 can grab the necks 5 of the bags 4 first, especially when the bags 4 are slightly open or upstanding.
FIG. 2 shows in perspective view the apparatus 1. The apparatus 1 comprises a housing 23 with a wider lower part 24 and a narrower upper part 25, such that a platform 26 is formed at the top of the lower part 24, next to the upper part 25. The guide surface 11 has been partly removed, as well as some protective plating. The platform 26 can be used as, or support, a guide surface 11. As can be seen in FIG. 1, the wheels 9, 10, 14 are at levels to one side of the platform 26, here above the platform 26, whereas at levels to the opposite side of the platform 26, here below, there are two drive wheels 27, 28, driven by a motor 29 (shown in FIG. 4). A first drive wheel 27 can be, when no bag 4 is provided, close to or in engagement with the first wheel 9, whereas a second wheel 28 of the drive wheels can be, when no bag 4 is provided, close to or in engagement with the second wheel 10. The drive wheels 27, 28 are positioned on a common axis 30 and driven at a constant speed for periods of time defined by a control 31. The control is connected to, for example, a sensor 32 sensing presence of a bag 4 and activates the motor 29 for a period of time necessary for feeding the bag 4 past the star wheel, as will be discussed hereafter. The drive wheels 27, 28 are spaced apart, when seen in the length direction of the axis 30, such that space is created between the drive wheels for the star wheel 8 and a knife construction 33 to be discussed. The drive wheels 27, 28 and/or the snare or band 15, the first and/or the second wheel 9, 10 can have a friction surface for engagement with the bags 4.
In FIG. 3 an apparatus according to FIG. 2 is shown in which the drive wheels 27, 28 have been removed. The view in FIG. 3 shows part of the star wheel 8, part of the knife construction 33, and a guide block 36 for a foil strip 34 to be dispensed during use from a foil dispense roll 35. Also visible in FIG. 3 is a rotating element 37 that is normally connected to the second drive wheel 28 such that the rotating element 37 rotates with the second drive wheel 28 around the same axis 30. The rotating element 37 is, in the illustrative embodiment, a ring comprising a profile 38, such as a circular outer surface 39 with a lip 40 extending radially outward between two notches 41 extending radially inward.
As shown in more detail in FIGS. 11A and B, the star wheel 8 includes a number of elements 42 extending from a side surface 43 of the star wheel 8, each element 42 being positioned between two adjacent cells 12. The lip 40 of the rotating element extends, during rotation of the ring 37 around the axis 30, in a path extending along the star wheel 8 such that, when the ring 37 is rotated, at least one of the elements 42 of the star wheel 8 is, as a coupling element, engaged by the extending lip 40 for rotating the star wheel 8 around an axis 44. Assuming a rotation direction Rr of the ring 37 in a clockwise direction, in FIG. 11A a position is shown in which the lip 40 has engaged the element 42A in front of a first cell 12A and is halfway a rotation angle α imposed by the ring 37 on the star wheel 8. Other numbers of cells can be provided, as well as other numbers of coupling elements 42 and/or other numbers of lips 40. In each of these variations the construction can be designed such that upon rotation of the rotating element 37 over a first angle β, the star wheel can be rotated over a second angle α, in an opposite direction, to be chosen as desired. The ring 37 is part of the transport means or can at least be coupled to the transport means discussed herein above.
In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 11 the star wheel 8 has six cells 12 and six coupling elements 42, which can for example be pins, bolts, integrally formed protrusions or other means for engagement. The diameters D1 and D2 of the ring 37 and the star wheel 8 and the position of the elements 42 and the length of the lip 40 extending from the ring 37 are designed such that upon rotation of the rotating element 37 such that the lip is brought from one side of the star wheel to the opposite side, the star wheel is rotated over an angle α of 120 degrees. During use this will mean that, upon one full rotation of the ring over 360 degrees, the star wheel 8 will be rotated over 120 degrees, meaning two cells (in the case of a six cell wheel). The coupling element 42 engaged by the lip 40 will, during rotation, enter into and subsequently move out of the notch 41 in front of the lip 40, seen in the direction of movement, whereas the trailing coupling element 42 will move into and out of the trailing notch 41, thus allowing the rotation over the angle α.
As can be seen in FIG. 11B, when the lip 40 is not engaging any coupling element 42, two of these coupling elements 42 lays against the outer profile 39 of the ring 37, thus preventing rotation of the star wheel 8. This effect is used during gathering of the neck 5 of one of the bags 4 and feeding the neck 5, during gathering, into the cell 12A in the direction Fin and/or during moving the neck 5 of another one of the bags 4 out of a cell 12C in the discharging direction Fout. Due to the configuration, in the embodiment of FIGS. 11A-C only cells 12A, 12C and 12E will be used for gathering and closing the neck 5 of ones of the bags 5.
Referring primarily to FIGS. 3, 4 and 9, the knife construction 33 comprises a hammer block 45 mounted on an axis 46. The block 45 comprises a first arm 47 extending above a cylindrical wall 51 around the axis 30, carrying a knife 48 that extends from the free end of the first arm 47 upward. A second arm 49 is provided extending downward from the axis 46 and carrying a follower 50 extending substantially parallel to the first arm 47. In the cylindrical wall 51 an opening 52 is provided, positioned at an angle γ relative to the lip 40. When the cylindrical wall 51 is rotated together with the ring 37 the follower 50 will move over the outer surface of the wall 51 until the follower 50 can enter into the opening 52 and rotating the block 45 around the axis 46. The rotation of the block 45 moves the knife 48 upward into a cell 12 facing downward at that time. This can in an embodiment as shown in FIG. 11 be a cell 12B following a cell 12C in which a neck 5 of a one of the bags 4 has been gathered and sealed by a seal 53 formed by tape or tape and foil, as will be discussed hereafter. Tape and/or foil, extending as a trailing part over said following cell 12B will then be cut by the knife 48, releasing the sealed one of the bags 5, in FIG. 1 shown at the right hand side. The angle γ shall, in this embodiment, be chosen such that the star wheel 8 is driven over half the angle α before the knife 48 is forced into the empty following cell 12B. In that position the cell 12A in FIG. 11B is ready to receive a next neck 5 of a bag 4 to be gathered. The knife block 45 can be rotated by gravity and engagement of the follower 50 with the cylindrical wall 51. In another embodiment the knife 48 can be moved up by a profile on the cylindrical wall 51, instead of the opening 50, in which case the follower could be removed. In still another embodiment the knife 48 is moved by a separate drive mechanism such as an individual motor, rod mechanisms, drive belt or any other solution readily available to the person skilled in the art.
In an embodiment depicted in FIG. 4, a pin 54 is mounted on an end of the axis 46 and engages a toothed wheel 55. The wheel 55 is designed such that each time the knife 48 has to be moved up, the pin 54 is moved over a tooth of the wheel 55, thus forcing the axis 46 to rotate back and forth, forcing the knife 48 into and out off the relevant cell 12 for cutting the tape and/or foil. The wheel 55 will rotate at a slower speed than the drive wheels 27, 28 and can be coupled to the same motor 31, for example, by a gear mechanism (not shown).
As can be seen in FIG. 2 a roll 56 of tape 57 can be mounted on an arm 58 extending from the housing 13. This is preferably adhesive tape 57 with an adhesive layer 61 facing inward to a core 59 of the roll 56. During use the tape 57 is fed from the roll 56 over a guide mechanism 70 towards the star wheel 8. In the embodiment of FIG. 2, of which part is shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 in more detail, a guide roller 60 is shown over which the tape 57 is guided. FIG. 7 shows the relevant part from a first side, substantially corresponding with the view of FIGS. 2 and 3, whereas, FIG. 8 shows the opposite side. In FIG. 8 the tape 57 and the foil strip 34 are schematically shown, feeding towards the star wheel 8. As can be seen in, for example, FIGS. 5 and 6, the foil dispense roll 35 is positioned such that the foil strip 34 is led in between the first and second drive wheels 27, 28 and along the guide surface 11 under the star wheel in FIG. 1. The tape 57 is fed over the guide roller 60 and the star wheel 8.
FIGS. 10A-D schematically show, in four steps, applying a seal 53 around the neck 5 of a bag 4 or other such flexible container. The container has to be flexible enough for part thereof, such as a neck, to be gathered in a cell 12 of the star wheel 8. In FIG. 10A the star wheel 8 is shown in a first position, stationary with a cell 12 open to the feeding means 2, for feeding a neck 5 into the cell. As can be seen in FIG. 10A, the neck 5 is gathered into a substantially closed bundled up position by the gathering means as discussed before. The neck 5 is grabbed between the first wheel 9 and the first drive wheel 27 and between the second wheel 10 or band 15 and the second drive wheel 28 and pushed towards the cell 12C. Adhesive tape 57 is led over the outer circumference of part of the star wheel 8, with the adhesive layer 61 facing outward, such that it extends at least over the opening 61 of the cell 12C. A foil strip 34, for example a paper strip, is led from a lower side to the star wheel 8 and is attached to a forward end 62 of the adhesive tape 57. In FIG. 10B the gathered neck 5 has been fed into the cell 12C, forcing the tape 57 into the cell, substantially against the inner wall 63 thereof, the star wheel still being in the same position. The gathered neck 5 can be held in this position by the rotating element, as discussed before. The neck 5 is thus almost entirely surrounded by the adhesive tape 57. In FIG. 10C the star wheel is shown in a position in which it has been rotated counter clockwise over about 60 degrees, for example, by engagement of the star wheel 8 by the rotating element or ring 37. The tape 57 can have been pulled further around the neck 5, for example, but not necessarily to such extent that it is attached to itself, forming a joint 65, fully circumventing the neck 5. As can be seen the foil strip 34 has been drawn off the roll 35 further and has been attached to the tape 57 over such length that it traverses the joint 65. In FIG. 10D a position is shown in which the star wheel 8 has been rotated further, counter clockwise over, for example, substantially another 60 degrees such that the opening 61 of the cell 12C extends above the guide surface 11, or at least to such extend that the bag 4 can be discharged from the cell 12A. The knife 48 can, for example as discussed before, be driven upward into the cell 12B, cutting through the combined tape 57 and foil strip 34, cutting the seal 53 off from the tape 57 and foil strip 34. At the same time the adjacent cell 12A has become available for feeding a further neck 5 into it.
The foil strip 34 can be made of paper or plastic or another material. Preferably it can easily be torn by a user, preferably easier than the tape 57, such that the seal 53 can be broken easily. In an alternative embodiment the foil strip is left out, the seal formed by tape only. In still another embodiment the foil strip is replaced by a strip of individual elements to be adhered to the tape 57 at one or opposite sides of the joint 65, such that the ends of the tape on opposite sides of said joint will not adhere to each other. These individual elements can, for example, be carried on a strip like backing. In another embodiment a substantially non adhesive tape can be used, which is provided with adhesive only in the parts that have to enclose the neck 5 of a bag 4, but not the parts that form the free ends of the seal, distanced over a certain distance from the joint. The adhesive can, for example, be applied to the non-adhesive tape in blocks prior to delivery or near or at the star wheel, before feeding the neck into the cell 12.
In FIG. 1 a control 31 is shown, for example, connected to a sensor 32 for sensing a bag in a desired proximity of the star wheel 8 such that the gathering can be advanced and the rotating element should be rotated. The control can also be provided with a communication means 67 and/or positioning means 68 such as, but not limited to, wireless communication means and/or wired communication means, such as a telephone, GPS or GPRS. The communication means 67 can be designed to communicate with, for example, a computer of telephone network, with a supplier of tape and/or foil, with a maintenance firm or the like. Further sensors can be connected to the control, such as one or more sensors for sensing the amount of tape 57 and/or foil 34 strip dispensed and/or used and/or sensing a remaining amount of tape 57 and/or strip 34 remaining on the respective rolls 35, 56. The rolls 35 and/or 56 can be provided with indicators, such as but not limited to RFID chips, bar codes or other means that can be physically or electronically read by sensors in the apparatus, for identification of the rolls and setting a mode of the apparatus through the control 31, for example the length of tape to be dispensed, tension of the strip 34 and/or tape 57 to be applied, or even bringing the apparatus in a working or non working mode. The positioning means 68 can be provided for sensing and communicating location and/or location changes of the apparatus 1, such that it is easy to keep track of the apparatus. Counting means can be provided for counting the number of seals manufactured with the apparatus, for example by counting the number of revolutions of the star wheel 8 and/or of one of the drive wheels and/or of the rotating element 37.
The invention is by no means limited to the embodiments shown and discussed here above. Many amendments and variations are possible within the scope of the invention. For example the orientation of the apparatus can be different, such that for example the bags are fed through the apparatus vertically, for example hanging from transport means or carried on transport means with the necks upward, wherein the axis 44 of the star wheel can include an angle with a horizontal directed, can be inclined or disposed vertically. The rotating element 37 and especially the lip 40 can be positioned such that it engages the star wheel 8 at a side spaced apart from the area where the neck is gathered an fed into a cell, for example in FIG. 10 on the upper side of the star wheel 8 or at least at a side of the star wheel opposite the guide surface 11. The star wheel can also be driven differently, for example, through a step motor engaging the axis 44 or by the feeding and/or discharging means, the ring 37 only being used for blocking and allowing rotation of the star wheel 8 over a specific angle. Instead of the star wheel 8 in the present form, rotatable around an axis 44, a star wheel 8 can be in the form of an endless star belt, formed as a belt having a series of cells in an outwardly facing surface, guided over at least two end wheels, such that a series of cells 12 is fed along the guide surface, allowing a series of bags to be handled at the same time. The position of the tape roll 56 and the foil strip roll 35 can be changed such as, for example, changed over. Means can be provided to print information on and/or in the tape and/or the foil strip, such as sealing date, expiration date of the product P, packing apparatus identification, advertisements or other information. In the embodiments shown, the width of the strip of foil 34 is about the same as the width of the tape 57. These widths can be different, for example, when the foil strip 34 should have a greater width in order to provide further information, such as user information, warranties and other communications. These and other modifications, including all combinations and permutations of aspects and parts of the embodiments shown are supposed to have been disclosed here, both in isolation and in combination.
