APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR COUNTER-RESISTANCE EXERCISE
An apparatus and method for counter-resistance exercise includes a cable and pulley system and a force sensing device operatively coupled to the cable and pulley system. The cable and pulley system has at least one pulley and at least one substantially inelastic cable configured for engagement with the pulley. The force sensing device is operable to generate data relating to a mechanical force applied to the cable by a user during a counter-resistance exercise in which the mechanical force is applied by a first muscle or muscle group and is opposed by a second muscle or muscle group. In one embodiment, the mechanical force applied to the cable is transferred to a load cell and the load cell converts the mechanical force to a proportional electrical signal. In another embodiment, a wireless transmitter transmits the electrical signal to a display configured for wireless communication with the transmitter and the display provides the user with biometric feedback relating to the exercise.
This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/289,629 filed on Dec. 23, 2009, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
FIELD OF THE INVENTIONThe invention relates generally to exercise apparatus and methods of exercise. More particularly, the invention is an apparatus and associated method for counter-resistance exercise including a cable and pulley system, a force sensing device, a transmitter and a biometric feedback display for displaying exercise information to a user.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION AND RELATED ARTNumerous isotonic (dynamic) and isometric (static) exercise apparatus and methods of exercise are known. Isotonic exercise apparatus and methods extend and contract the muscles through a range of motion, while isometric exercise apparatus and methods work the muscles against an immovable force, commonly referred to as “overcoming isometric,” or alternatively by opposing a resistance, commonly referred to as “yielding isometric.” Both types of exercise apparatus and methods have certain advantages and disadvantages.
Isotonic type exercise apparatus and methods allow for a full range of motion, and therefore, are useful for improving flexibility and mobility, as well as strength. However, the apparatus and methods available for isotonic type exercise are typically designed to target only a specific muscle group. Furthermore, such apparatus and methods require weights or resistance elements (e.g. elastic bands, cables, ropes, springs, bars, rods, beams, etc.) that require periodic adjustment to provide the desired amount of resistance. These weights or resistance elements are typically heavy and often bulky to maneuver, and as a result, present safety concerns. In addition, the inertia of the weights or resistance elements can produce undesired effects after the exercise is concluded and the weights or resistance elements are returned to the initial exercise position.
Isometric type exercise apparatus and methods do not utilize weights or resistance elements that require adjustment and that are heavy, bulky or potentially dangerous. As a result, isometric type exercise apparatus and methods are more readily available for use away from a gym or health club, and in addition, are easier and safer to use. However, the apparatus and methods available for isometric type exercise do not allow for a full range of motion of the muscles, and provide the user with only limited control over varying the amount of resistance. Furthermore, such apparatus and methods do not permit significant variability or customization of a workout, for example a combined heavy resistance and cardio type exercise workout. In addition, isometric type exercise apparatus and methods typically do not permit significant adjustment of the force or resistance experienced by the user during the exercise.
Several isotonic and some isometric type exercise apparatus are configured to provide exercise information to the user before, during or after the exercise. In most instances, however, the exercise information is limited to data such as the static force (weight) or resistance provided by the exercise and the total number of repetitions or time expended by the exercise. The exercise information available from known apparatus and methods is useful, but does not permit the user to make adjustments to the force, resistance or speed of the exercise during the exercise. In particular, there are no known exercise apparatus and methods capable of providing biometric feedback to the user during the exercise so that the user may make real-time adjustments to the force, resistance or speed of the exercise. Real-time biometric feedback would be particularly useful for monitoring rehabilitative workouts and for performing unique combinations of aerobic and anaerobic exercise routines.
Accordingly, there exists a need for an exercise apparatus and method that combines the advantages of isotonic and isometric exercise apparatus and methods without their disadvantages. More particularly, there exists a need for an exercise apparatus and method that allows for a full range of motion, and therefore, is useful for improving flexibility and mobility, as well as strength. There exists a further need for an exercise apparatus and method that does not utilize weights or resistance elements that require adjustment and that are heavy, bulky or potentially dangerous to use. There exists a further and more specific need for an exercise apparatus and method that provides real-time biometric feedback, and thereby permits variability and customization of an exercise routine or workout for a particular user.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONIn one aspect, the invention provides an apparatus for counter-resistance exercise including a cable and pulley system having at least one pulley and at least one substantially inelastic cable configured for engagement with the pulley, and a force sensing device operatively coupled to the cable and pulley system. The force sensing device is operable to generate data relating to a mechanical force applied to the cable by a user during a dynamic exercise in which the mechanical force is applied by a first muscle or muscle group and is opposed by a second muscle or muscle group.
In one embodiment, the cable and pulley system is mechanically coupled to a substantially rigid support and the pulley is configured to rotate relative to the support about an axle. In another embodiment, the pulley is fixed relative to the support and is formed with a substantially friction-less channel or groove, while the cable is configured to slide within the channel or groove. Regardless, the mechanical force applied to the cable of the cable and pulley system is transferred to the force sensing device, which converts the mechanical force to a proportional electrical signal.
In another embodiment, the proportional electrical signal generated by the force sensing device is provided to a transmitter electrically coupled to the force sensing device. The transmitter may be electrically connected to a display for displaying exercise information to the user. Preferably, however, the transmitter is a wireless transmitter configured for wireless communication with a display in communication with the transmitter for providing the user with biometric feedback relating to the exercise.
In another aspect, the invention provides an exercise machine for counter-resistance exercise including at least one pulley mechanically coupled to a support, at least one substantially inelastic cable operatively coupled to the pulley, at least one of a handle and a roller mechanically coupled to the cable, and a seat for supporting a user in a position for performing a dynamic exercise in which a mechanical force is applied by a first muscle or muscle group to the cable and is opposed by a second muscle or muscle group. The exercise machine further includes a force sensing device operatively coupled to at least one of the cable and the pulley for measuring the mechanical force applied to the cable, a transmitter in communication with the force sensing device for transmitting an electrical signal proportional to the mechanical force, and a display in communication with the transmitter for receiving the electrical signal from the transmitter. The display is operable for generating biometric feedback relating to the exercise from the electrical signal and for providing the user with the biometric feedback.
In one embodiment, the exercise machine further includes a means for determining at least one of a range of motion or a rate of motion of the exercise. Preferably, the determining means includes a series of indicators and an associated reader for reading the series of indicators and communicating an electrical signal to the display for processing at least some of the biometric feedback. For example, the reader may be an optical transceiver that transmits an optical signal and receives a reflected optical signal from the series of indicators.
In another embodiment, the force sensing device is a load cell configured to measure the mechanical force applied to the cable and pulley system by a user during a counter-resistance exercise. In another embodiment, the exercise machine further includes a means for adjusting the location of the at least one of a handle and a roller relative to the support.
In yet another aspect, the invention provides a method for counter-resistance exercise including providing a cable and pulley system having at least one pulley mechanically coupled to a support and at least one substantially inelastic cable configured for engagement with the pulley. The method further includes applying a mechanical force to the cable by a user during the exercise in which the mechanical force is applied by a first muscle or muscle group and is opposed by a second muscle or muscle group. The method further includes providing a force sensing device operatively coupled to the cable and pulley system for generating an electrical signal proportional to the mechanical force applied to the cable. The method further includes providing a transmitter for transmitting the electrical signal proportional to the mechanical force to a display, and processing the electrical signal transmitted by the transmitter to provide the user with biometric feedback relating to the exercise on the display.
The accompany drawing figures illustrate various exemplary and preferred embodiments of an apparatus and method for counter-resistance exercise in accordance with the present invention. The exemplary embodiments shown and described herein are intended to illustrate broad concepts of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any manner. In particular, the invention should not be construed as being limited to the particular embodiments and equivalents thereof shown and described herein, or to specific features, advantages or objectives associated therewith.
As used herein, the term “counter-resistance exercise” is intended to refer to a dynamic (as opposed to static) exercise in which a mechanical force is applied by one muscle or muscle group and is opposed (i.e. resisted) by another muscle or muscle group. Counter-resistance exercises according to the invention are derived from isometric-style push and pull exercises. However, unlike an isometric (i.e. static) exercise, the counter-resistance exercise allows for a full range of motion with resistance being provided by and controlled by the user. In essence, the user applies a force to the apparatus with a first muscle or muscle group while opposing that force with a second muscle or muscle group, and then increases the force applied by the first muscle or muscle group without increasing the opposition provided by the second muscle or muscle group. As a result, the user moves through a desired range of motion for the particular exercise. The counter-resistance exercise can then be reversed to move the user through the same range of motion (or a different desired range of motion) in the opposite direction. In this manner, the user can control the static force of the exercise as well as the rate of the exercise and the range of motion produced by the exercise. In the embodiments shown and described herein, for example, the resistance for the counter-resistance exercise is generated by the right arm (or leg) of the user pushing against the left arm (or leg) of the user, or the converse. The difference between the mechanical force imparted by the one arm (or leg) and the resistance generated by the other arm (leg) determines the rate of the exercise and the range of motion produced by the exercise.
As shown in
Exercise machine 60, and in particular the modified apparatus 10 for counter-resistance exercise, further comprises a means for determining the range of motion of the exercise and/or the rate at which the exercise is performed. A preferred exemplary embodiment of a means 70 for determining the range of motion and/or the rate of motion of the exercise is shown in
The foregoing has described one or more exemplary embodiments of an exercise apparatus and method for counter-resistance exercise. In exemplary embodiments, the exercise apparatus includes a cable and pulley system, a force sensing device, a transmitter and a biometric feedback display for displaying exercise information to a user. Preferred embodiments of the apparatus and method have been shown and described herein for purposes of illustrating and enabling the best mode of the invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art, however, will readily understand and appreciate that numerous variations and modifications of the invention may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, all such variations and modifications are intended to be encompassed by the appended claims.
Claims
1. An apparatus for counter-resistance exercise comprising:
- a cable and pulley system comprising at least one pulley and at least one substantially inelastic cable configured for engagement with the pulley; and
- a force sensing device operatively coupled to the cable and pulley system and configured to generate data relating to a mechanical force applied to the cable by a user during a counter-resistance exercise in which the mechanical force is applied by a first muscle or muscle group and is opposed by a second muscle or muscle group.
2. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the cable and pulley system is mechanically coupled to a substantially rigid support.
3. An apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the pulley is configured to rotate relative to the support about an axle.
4. An apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the pulley is fixed relative to the support and is formed with a substantially friction-less channel or groove, while the cable is configured to slide within the channel or groove.
5. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the mechanical force applied to the cable of the cable and pulley system is transferred to the force sensing device, and wherein the force sensing device converts the mechanical force to a proportional electrical signal.
6. An apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the proportional electrical signal is provided to a transmitter that is operatively coupled to the force sensing device.
7. An apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the transmitter is a wireless transmitter configured for wireless communication to a wireless receiver device.
8. An apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a transmitter electrically coupled to the force sensing device and a display in communication with the transmitter for providing the user with biometric feedback relating to the exercise.
9. An apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the transmitter is a wireless transmitter configured for wireless communication with the display, and wherein the display comprises a wireless receiver.
10. An apparatus according to claim 1, configured to be retro-fitted into an existing exercise machine comprising weights or resistance elements that are retro-fitted with the cable and pulley system.
11. An apparatus according to claim 10, further comprising a transmitter for transmitting data relating to the exercise generated by the force sensing device to a display for providing the user with biometric feedback relating to the exercise.
12. An apparatus according to claim 1, configured to be integrated with a conventional exercise machine comprising weights or resistance elements that are replaced by the cable and pulley system.
13. An apparatus according to claim 12, further comprising a transmitter for transmitting data relating to the exercise generated by the force sensing device to a display for providing the user with biometric feedback relating to the exercise.
14. An exercise machine for counter-resistance exercise comprising:
- at least one pulley mechanically coupled to a support;
- at least one substantially inelastic cable operatively coupled to the pulley;
- at least one of a handle and a roller mechanically coupled to the cable;
- a seat for supporting a user in a position for performing a dynamic exercise in which a mechanical force is applied by a first muscle or muscle group to the cable and is opposed by a second muscle or muscle group;
- a force sensing device operatively coupled to at least one of the cable and the pulley for measuring the mechanical force applied to the cable;
- a transmitter in electrical communication with the force sensing device for transmitting an electrical signal proportional to the mechanical force; and
- a display in communication with the transmitter for receiving the electrical signal from the transmitter, generating biometric feedback relating to the exercise from the electrical signal, and providing the user with the biometric feedback.
15. An exercise machine according to claim 14, wherein the transmitter is a wireless transmitter configured for wireless communication with the display, and wherein the display comprises a wireless receiver.
16. An exercise machine according to claim 14, further comprising a means for determining at least one of a range of motion and a rate of motion of the exercise.
17. An exercise machine according to claim 16, wherein the determining means comprises a series of indicators and an associated reader for reading the series of indicators and transmitting an electrical signal to the display for processing at least some of the biometric feedback.
18. An exercise machine according to claim 17, wherein the reader is an optical transceiver that transmits an optical signal and receives a reflected optical signal from the series of indicators.
19. An exercise machine according to claim 13, further comprising means for adjusting the location of the at least one of a handle and a roller relative to the support.
20. A method for counter-resistance exercise comprising:
- providing a cable and pulley system comprising at least one pulley mechanically coupled to a support and at least one substantially inelastic cable configured for engagement with the pulley;
- applying a mechanical force to the cable by a user during the exercise in which the mechanical force is applied by a first muscle or muscle group and is opposed by a second muscle or muscle group;
- providing a force sensing device operatively coupled to the cable and pulley system and configured for generating an electrical signal proportional to the mechanical force applied to the cable;
- providing a transmitter for transmitting the electrical signal proportional to the mechanical force to a display; and
- processing the electrical signal transmitted by the transmitter to provide biometric feedback relating to the exercise to the user on the display.
Type: Application
Filed: Jun 1, 2010
Publication Date: Jun 23, 2011
Inventor: Edward F. Horne (Matthews, NC)
Application Number: 12/791,151
International Classification: A63B 21/00 (20060101);