Self-Actuating Flood Guard
A self-actuating flood guard for a construction holds a buoyant gate at an elevation spaced from ground between flanking spaced vertical boundary walls adapted for connection to the construction. The gate is pivotable on pivotation members about a horizontal axis normal to the boundary walls for buoyant rotation upwardly between the boundary walls on rise of water above the elevation. Optionally, flexible lip seal gaskets along the sides of the gate sealingly wipe the boundary walls, and a flexible strip gasket across the pivotation members along the base of the gate prevents passage of water between the base of the gate and the construction. A restraint acts on the gate to prevent the gate from rotating about the axis more than a predetermined extent when the gate is pivoted upwardly above said elevation.
Not Applicable
BACKGROUND OF THE DISCLOSURE1. Field of Disclosure
This invention relates to flood guards for constructions.
2. Background
Doors and other grade level openings have been guarded from entrance of water by gates that are self-actuating. See U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,623,209 and 7,101,114, by the inventor of the invention described herein. Riverbanks have been described lined by self-elevating stanchions using interconnected flexible sheeting between stanchions to provide a water containment barrier. See U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,377,352.
Floodwaters are a major source of property damage. Floodwaters may come from waters rising from a body of water, such as a hurricane driven storm surge, from swollen rivers rising above flood stage from snow melt or heavy rains, or from waters accumulating and rising at ground surface due to sustained rains overwhelming drainage systems. A need continues to exist for preventing floodwaters inundating or infiltrating buildings and other constructions.
Buildings on the shore of a body of water are especially vulnerable. Solutions that propose permanent erection of fabricated steel or concrete walls or levees at a shore side to hold back storm surge or other rising floodwaters are costly, and even if feasible, permanently mar the landscape of often beautiful areas and block the desired open view of and hinder access to the body of water that attracted the erection of the buildings near the body of water in the first place. Sometimes even such costly and undesirable solutions are infeasible. There may be no space available for permanent improvements such as fixed walls or levees between the buildings and the shoreline due to zero-line building at bulkheads and seawalls. In other words, sometimes buildings are right on the seawall or bulkhead, and sometimes there is no space to put a levee, which typically needs to be twice as wide as tall.
In addition to protecting shore side buildings, low cost solutions are wanted for self-activating protection of above ground openings of vertical walls in constructions not met by current solutions.
In the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof and in which are shown by way of illustration examples of exemplary embodiments with which the invention may be practiced. In the drawings and descriptions, like or corresponding parts are marked throughout the specification and drawings with the same reference numerals. The drawings are not necessarily to scale. Certain features of the invention may be shown exaggerated in scale or in somewhat schematic form and some details of conventional elements may not be shown in the interest of clarity and conciseness. Referring to the drawings:
Specific details described herein, including what is stated in the Abstract, are in every case a non-limiting description and exemplification of embodiments representing concrete ways in which the concepts of the invention may be practiced. This serves to teach one skilled in the art to employ the present invention in virtually any appropriately detailed system, structure or manner consistent with those concepts. Reference throughout this specification to “an exemplary embodiment” means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Thus, the appearances of the phrase “in an exemplary embodiment” or similar expression in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Further, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. Various changes and alternatives to the specific described embodiments and the details of those embodiments may be made within the scope of the invention. One or more of the elements depicted in the drawings can also be implemented in a more separated or integrated manner, or even removed or rendered as inoperable in certain cases, as is useful in accordance with a particular application. Because many varying and different embodiments may be made within the scope of the inventive concepts herein described and in the exemplary embodiments herein detailed, it is to be understood that the details herein are to be interpreted as illustrative and not as limiting the invention to that which is illustrated and described herein.
The various directions such as “upper,” “lower,” “back,” “front,” “transverse,” “perpendicular”, “vertical”, “horizontal,” “length,” “height”, “width,” “laterally”, “proximal”, “distal” and so forth used in the detailed description of exemplary embodiments are made only for easier explanation in conjunction with the drawings. The components may be oriented differently while performing the same function and accomplishing the same result as the exemplary embodiments herein detailed embody the concepts of the invention, and such terminologies are not to be understood as limiting the concepts which the embodiments exemplify.
As used herein, the use of the word “a” or “an” when used in conjunction with the term “comprising” (or the synonymous “having” or “including”) in the claims and/or the specification may mean “one,” but it is also consistent with the meaning of “one or more,” “at least one,” and “one or more than one.”
In addition, as used herein, the phrase “connection to” or “connected to” means joined to, either directly or through intermediate components. The word “ground” means a surface or floor to which an improvement is constructed. A “construction” may be any improvement built on or in the earth. In the embodiments herein described, the exemplified constructions, without limitation, are a building housing a vent window at an elevation above ground, and a wall, such as a bulkhead, lining a shoreline the normally exposed parts of which are spaced from ground on the water side of the bulkhead normally inundated by a body of water (if tidal, except at low tide). The body of water, for example, may be a stream, a canal, a river, a pond, a lake, an estuary, a bay or an ocean.
Referring to
Referring to
A first vertical boundary wall 24 is adapted for connection to the construction, for example, as by a flange 24L outturned at one end of the wall. A second vertical boundary wall 26 similarly adapted for connection to the construction, by flange 26L outturned at an end of wall 26, substantially parallel to first boundary wall 24, spaced from first boundary wall 24 a distance at least sufficient to accommodate the width of the gate.
As depicted, boundary wall 26 is spaced from first vertical boundary wall 24 a distance wider than the width 31 of gate 22 sufficient to provide a gap 33 between each lateral side 25, 27 of gate 22 and the adjacent boundary wall 24, 26 suitable for accommodation of a flexible lip seal gasket 28 (described below) for sealing the gap 33.
In an embodiment depicted in
The embodiments shown in
Referring to
Referring particularly to
On rise of water “W” sufficient to float gate 22 above elevation “E”, the gate is buoyed and by force of rising water (hydrostatic pressure) is rotated upwardly about the pivot axis 36. Before the gate rotates past 45 degrees, more of the hydrostatic pressure is “lifting” the gate. After 45 degrees, more of the hydrostatic pressure is pushing against the back face of gate 20 to close it. The result is a continuous curve of forces that first balance the gate in a partially raised position against gravity pressing the gate against the pivot axis 36, and eventually, at something about ⅓ to ½ the total height of the gate, overcomes the weight of the gate and pushes it fully closed. The total weight, displacement and size of the gate moves the “rotation point” up or down the curve of forces. Gate closure is maintained by impress of hydrostatic pressure until the water level subsides and the force of gravity takes over to lower the gate.
Referring particularly to
Referring particularly to
Referring particularly to
Referring to
In addition to shore defense against water rising from an adjacent body of water, flood guard unit 20 installed at a shoreline provides double duty when in repose: it makes a fine fishing pier and diving platform. In this sense, brace 39 and flange 85 are advantageously included as part of unit 20, adding support for the gate and people on the gate for recreational use of the gate at waterside.
The foregoing general description of the embodiments is now supplemented by a more detailed description of the embodiments shown in
Referring now to
Referring particularly to
Referring particularly to
Referring particularly to
The elements and arrangements for securing seal gasket 28 on side 27 of gate 22 are the same as for securing a gasket 28 on side 25 of gate 22 and identical reference numerals are used where the same details are visible in the drawings.
Referring to
Referring to
Referring now to
Referring particularly to
Referring particularly to
Referring particularly to
Referring particularly to
Referring particularly to
A fourth L-shaped flange 68 having a length the same as the length of lateral side 27 of gate 22 has a vertical leg attached to side 27 of gate 22. The same as for side 25, a body portion of a flexible L-shaped lip seal gasket 28 is positioned on fourth L-shaped flange 68 along the length of flange 68 with a distal wiping lip portion of gasket 28 directed away from bulkhead construction “C” and contacting boundary wall 24 along the width of the distal portion 60. The same as for side 25, a protective gasket is positioned over lip seal gasket 28, and fasteners 70 pass through passages in a fourth flat band 72, the body of gasket 28, and into drilled and tapped fourth L-shaped flange 68, connecting gasket 28 via fourth flange 68 to the lateral side 27 of gate 22 to sealingly wipe boundary walls 24 and seal gap 33 adjacent side 27 and prevent passage of water through that gap 33.
Lip and strip gaskets 28 and 38 combine to prevent entrance of water into opening “O” between gate 22 and the boundary walls 24, 26 and the lower horizontal frame member 42 when water rises sufficiently above elevation “E” spaced from ground “G” to buoy gate 22 rotationally upward about pivotation axis 36 toward opening “O”, and the vertical compression gaskets 84, 86 and horizontal compression gasket 92 combine with strip gasket 38 and lip gasket 28 to prevent entrance of water when hydrostatic force on back face 76 of gate 22 is effective to force gate 22 against vertical compression gaskets 84, 86 and horizontal compression gasket 92.
Although the embodiments of
The foregoing details exemplify the use of combinations of the described elements to defend against flood waters where the thing to be defended is at elevation spaced from ground. As explained at the outset of the detailed description, the elements shown in one embodiment may be used in another, for example, vertical compression gaskets in the window protection unit embodiment may be used in the shore protection units 20, and elements used in the shore protection units 20 are used in the window protection units. The disclosed subject matter is to be considered illustrative, and not restrictive, and the appended claims are intended to cover all modifications, enhancements, and other embodiments that fall within the true scope of the present invention, which to the maximum extent allowed by law, is to be determined by the broadest permissible interpretation of the following claims and their equivalents, unrestricted or limited by the foregoing detailed descriptions of exemplary embodiments of the invention.
Claims
1. A self-actuating flood guard unit for a construction, comprising:
- a buoyant gate having proximal, distal, and lateral sides, a height from the proximal to distal sides, and a width between the lateral sides,
- a first vertical boundary wall adapted for connection to the construction at an end of the wall,
- a second vertical boundary wall adapted for connection to the construction at an end of the second boundary wall, spaced from said first boundary wall a distance at least sufficient to accommodate the width of the gate, and
- pivotation members comprising a stationary member adapted for connection to said construction and a moveable member moveably joined to said stationary member, said moveable member being connected to said proximal side of said gate and pivotable about a horizontal axis normal to said boundary walls, said members locating said proximal side of the gate at a selected elevation spaced from ground between said boundary walls for pivotation of the gate rotationally upwardly about said axis between the boundary walls on rise of water above said elevation buoyantly lifting the gate.
2. The flood guard of claim 1 in which said distance is wider than the width of the gate sufficient to provide a gap between each lateral side of the gate and the adjacent boundary wall suitable for accommodation of a flexible lip seal gasket for sealing said gap, and further comprising flexible lip seal gaskets along the lateral sides of the gate and of width sufficient to sealingly wipe said boundary walls and seal said gaps to prevent passage of water through said gaps.
3. The flood guard of claim 1 further comprising a flexible strip gasket across the pivotation members along the proximal side of the gate to prevent passage of water between said construction and said proximal side of the gate.
4. The flood guard of claim 1 further comprising a restraint for acting on said gate to prevent the gate from rotating about said axis more than a predetermined extent when the gate is pivoted upwardly above said elevation.
5. The flood guard unit of claim 4 in which the restraint is effective to oppose gate-bending moments from water forces acting on the gate when the gate is restrained from rotation about said axis.
6. A flood guard unit of claim 4 in which the restraint comprises tension members anchored in said ground.
7. A flood guard of claim 4 in which the predetermined extent is substantially vertical.
8. The flood guard unit of claim 4 in which the restraint is connected to the construction a distance above said horizontal axis allowing the gate to rotate to a substantially vertical orientation.
9. The flood guard unit of claim 1 further comprising a horizontal frame member for attachment to said construction, said frame member connecting said stationary pivotation member to the construction between said boundary walls.
10. The flood guard unit of claim 9 in which said horizontal frame member lends support to said boundary walls.
11. The flood guard unit of claim 2 for guarding an opening in a vertical wall of a construction, the opening having a bottom, lateral sides and top, said unit further comprising a pair of spaced vertical frame members for connection to the construction adjacent the lateral sides of the opening, an upper horizontal frame member for connection to the construction above the top of the opening and a lower horizontal frame member for connection to the construction below the bottom of the opening, said vertical members each supporting an elongate vertical compression gasket inwardly of the boundary wall, and said upper horizontal member supporting an elongate horizontal compression gasket between said boundary walls.
12. The flood guard of claim 11 further comprising a flexible strip gasket across the pivotation members along the proximal side of the gate to prevent passage of water between said construction and said proximal side of the gate.
13. The flood guard unit of claim 12 in which said lower horizontal frame member connects said stationary pivotation member to the construction between said boundary walls.
14. The flood guard unit of claim 13 in which said lower horizontal frame member lends support to said boundary walls.
15. A plurality of flood guard units of claim 1 for guarding a shore adjacent a body of water in which said ground is normally inundated earth on the water side of a shoreline, comprising a continuous series of said units in which one said vertical boundary wall provides a first end wall to the series, another boundary wall provides a second end wall to the series, and at least one intermediate boundary wall is located between said end walls, a first end gate being located between the first end wall and a next adjacent intermediate boundary wall, and a second end gate being located between said second end gate and a next adjacent boundary wall.
16. A plurality of flood guard units of claim 1 for guarding a shore adjacent a body of water in which said ground is normally inundated earth on the water side of a shoreline, comprising a contiguous series of said units arranged side by side in which next adjacent boundary walls of a next adjacent unit are connected to a vertical member rising from a construction lining the shoreline.
17. A series of continuous self-actuating flood guard units for protecting a shore from flooding on rise of an adjacent body of water above a construction lining the shoreline, each unit comprising:
- a buoyant gate having proximal, distal, and lateral sides, a height from the proximal to distal sides, and a width between the lateral sides,
- a first vertical boundary wall connected to the construction,
- a second vertical boundary wall connected to the construction, spaced from said first vertical boundary wall a distance at least sufficient to accommodate the width of the gate,
- a horizontal frame member for attachment to said construction,
- pivotation members comprising a stationary member connected to said horizontal frame member and a moveable member moveably joined to said stationary member, said moveable member being connected to said proximal side of said gate and pivotable about a horizontal axis normal to said boundary walls, said members locating said proximal side of the gate between said boundary walls at a selected elevation above earth normally inundated on the water side of said construction, for pivotation of the gate rotationally upwardly about said axis between the boundary walls on rise of water above said elevation, buoyantly lifting the gate,
- tension members attached to said gate and anchored in said earth for acting on said gate to prevent the gate from rotating about said axis more than a predetermined extent when the gate is pivoted upwardly above said elevation,
- said series of units comprising one said vertical boundary wall providing a first end wall to the series, another boundary wall providing a second end wall to the series, at least one boundary wall being located intermediate said end walls, a first end gate being located between the first end wall and a next adjacent intermediate boundary wall, and a second end gate being located between said second end wall and a next adjacent boundary wall.
18. The series of continuous self-actuating flood guard units of claim 17 in which the second vertical boundary wall connected to the construction is spaced from said first vertical boundary wall a distance wider than the width of the gate providing a gap between each lateral side of the gate and the adjacent boundary wall suitable for accommodation of a flexible lip seal gasket for sealing said gap, and further comprising flexible lip seal gaskets along the lateral sides of the gate and of width sufficient to sealingly wipe said boundary walls and seal said gaps to prevent passage of water through said gaps.
19. The series of continuous self-actuating flood guard units of claim 18 further comprising a flexible strip gasket across the pivotation members along the proximal side of the gate to prevent passage of water between said construction and said proximal side of the gate.
20. A self-actuating flood guard for refusing admission of rising surface water through an opening spaced from ground in a vertical wall of a construction, the opening having a width and limiting margins including a bottom, lateral sides and top, said guard comprising:
- a buoyant gate having a base, lateral sides, top, and upper and lower faces and of width from side to side and height from base to top sufficient on to occlude said opening when vertically positioned proximate the opening,
- a first vertical boundary wall for connection to said construction,
- a second vertical boundary wall for connection to the construction spaced from said first vertical boundary wall a distance wider than the width of the gate providing a gap between each lateral side of the gate and the adjacent boundary wall suitable for accommodation of a flexible lip seal gasket for sealing said gap,
- a pair of spaced vertical frame members for connection to the construction adjacent the lateral sides of the opening, an upper horizontal frame member for connection to the construction above the top of the opening and a lower horizontal frame member for connection to the construction below the bottom of the opening, said vertical members each supporting an elongate vertical compression gasket inwardly of the boundary wall, and said upper horizontal member supporting an elongate horizontal compression gasket between said boundary walls
- pivotation members comprising a stationary member connected to said lower horizontal frame member and a moveable member moveably joined to said stationary member, said moveable member being connected to the base of said gate and pivotable about a horizontal axis normal to said boundary walls, said members locating said base of the gate at a selected elevation spaced from ground between said boundary walls for pivotation of the gate rotationally upwardly about said axis between the boundary walls on rise of water above said elevation buoyantly lifting the gate,
- flexible lip seal gaskets along the lateral sides of the gate and of width sufficient to sealingly wipe said boundary walls,
- a flexible strip gasket across the pivotation members secured along the base of the gate and along the lower horizontal support member,
- said lip and strip gaskets combining to prevent entrance of water into the opening between the between the gate and the boundary walls and the lower horizontal frame member when water rises sufficiently above said earth to buoy the gate rotationally upward about said pivotation axis toward the opening, and said vertical and horizontal compression gaskets combining with at least said strip gasket to prevent entrance of water when hydrostatic force on the lower face of the gate is effective to force the gate against the vertical and horizontal compression gaskets.
21. The flood guard of claim 18 in which the vertical frame members connect the boundary walls to the construction.
22. The flood guard of claim 18 in which the lower horizontal member lends support to the boundary walls.
23. The flood guard of claim 18 in which said first vertical boundary wall, said second vertical boundary wall, said pair of spaced vertical frame members, said upper horizontal frame member, and said lower horizontal frame member are all connected to said construction.
Type: Application
Filed: Aug 5, 2010
Publication Date: Feb 9, 2012
Inventor: Louis A. Waters, JR. (Bellaire, TX)
Application Number: 12/851,308
International Classification: E02B 7/20 (20060101);