INTRAVENOUS CATHETER ANCHORING DEVICE
An intravenous catheter anchoring assembly is disclosed and includes a patient-contacting membrane, a platform, and a retaining strap for securing a catheter or tubing of an administration set to a patient. The strap is attached to the platform with adjustable pull-tabs that permit a variety of catheter shapes and sizes to be secured. The strap is also elastomeric so that the strap is stretchable and thereby grabs the secured catheter. The strap and platform further define a plurality of passageways that permit the catheter to be secured in a plurality of non-aligned directions.
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This is a divisional of co-pending application Ser. No. 11/306,289, filed Dec. 21, 2005, entitled INTRAVENOUS CATHETER ANCHORING DEVICE, which was filed contemporaneously with Application for U.S. Design Pat. Ser. No. 29/245,311, entitled INTRAVENOUS SITE SECUREMENT DEVICE FOR CATHETERS, each of which is hereby expressly incorporated by reference in its entirety.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates generally to the field of intravenous infusion site devices. More specifically, the present invention concerns an intravenous catheter anchoring device for the securement of catheters on various patient sites.
2. Description of the Related Art
Catheters for intravenous infusion into a patient are well known in the art. Such catheters are generally used in a variety of infusion applications and on a variety of sites. For example, catheters are commonly used as central venous catheters (“CVC”), midline catheters, or peripherally inserted central catheters (“PICC”). These catheters normally are used with some sort of a catheter anchoring device for attaching the catheter to the patient.
One such anchoring device is an intravenous site securement device for preventing catheter movement. The securement device is important because catheter location within the venous system is usually critical. For example, a catheter that dispenses medicine to an internal organ often must have its tip positioned in a particular location or the medicine will not have its intended effect. Moreover, patients with these catheters often want or need to have a normal range of body motion while the catheter is inserted. Patient movement as well as external objects can apply external forces to the catheter and thereby shift the catheter's location within the venous system. These forces can cause, in particular, back-and-forth dynamic movement of the tip, sometimes referred to as “pistoning.” These forces can also cause a static shift in the catheter tip from its original location.
Another type of catheter anchoring device is a tubing collector. The tubing collector generally serves to secure an excess length of tubing from a catheter, intravenous extension set, or intravenous administration set. Also, some tubing collectors tend to permit axial movement of the secured tubing. Therefore, people have a need for catheter anchoring devices that provide reliable catheter securement during patient movement or while an external force is applied.
Again, anchoring devices are often used with catheters to prevent or restrict catheter movement. However, these anchoring devices are problematic and suffer from various undesirable limitations. One limitation for site securement devices with tape or sutures holding the catheter in place is that they tend to start or promote infections at that location. Furthermore, these securement devices often are able to receive only one size and shape of catheter hub (e.g., a suture hub, Y-site hub, or luer fitting). One limitation for anchoring devices in general is that catheter attachment is difficult, requiring precise, two-handed manipulation. Anchoring devices are also problematic because they can be inadvertently pulled from the skin's surface. Another limitation is that anchoring devices are not adapted for use with a variety of catheter sizes and shapes. Accordingly, there is a need for an improved intravenous catheter anchoring device that does not suffer from these problems and limitations.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONThe present invention provides an intravenous catheter anchoring device that does not suffer from the problems and limitations of the prior art catheter anchoring devices detailed above.
In particular, a first aspect of the present invention concerns an intravenous catheter anchoring device for securing a catheter to a patient, wherein the catheter includes a distal section configured to be at least partially inserted into the patient and a proximal section. The device broadly includes a platform configured for removable attachment to the patient and a retaining strap. The retaining strap cooperates with the platform to define a catheter-receiving passageway that is configured to receive a portion of the catheter with the proximal and distal sections projecting outwardly therefrom. The retaining strap comprises an elastomeric body. The body is elastically stretched when the catheter portion is received in the passageway such that the catheter is gripped and thereby axially retained by the device.
A second aspect of the present invention concerns an intravenous catheter anchoring device for securing a catheter to a patient, wherein the catheter includes a distal section configured to be at least partially inserted into the patient and a proximal section. The device broadly includes a platform configured for removable attachment to the patient and a retaining strap. The platform presents a connector. The retaining strap cooperates with the platform to define a catheter-receiving passageway configured to receive a portion of the catheter with the proximal and distal sections projecting outwardly therefrom. The retaining strap comprises an elongated flexible body presenting spaced apart opposite ends, one of which is coupled to the platform and the other which is removably attached to the connector. The body includes a plurality of discrete attachment locations spaced along the length of the body, with each of the attachment locations being releasably connectable to the connector. The catheter-receiving passageway presents an adjustable cross-sectional dimension that varies depending upon which attachment location is connected to the connector.
A third aspect of the present invention concerns an intravenous catheter anchoring device for securing a catheter to a patient, wherein the catheter includes a distal section configured to be at least partially inserted into the patient and a proximal section. The device broadly includes a platform configured for removable attachment to the patient and a retaining strap. The retaining strap cooperates with the platform to define a plurality of non-aligned catheter-receiving passageways, each being configured to receive a portion of the catheter with the proximal and distal sections projecting outwardly therefrom. The passageways cooperatively provide multiple catheter orientations relative to the device. The platform and strap are intercoupled at more than two coupling locations. The platform and strap cooperatively define a plurality of catheter-receiving openings, each of which is between adjacent ones of the coupling locations. Each of the passageways extends between a corresponding pair of catheter-receiving openings.
A fourth aspect of the present invention concerns a method of securing a catheter to a patient. The method broadly includes the steps of attaching an intravenous catheter anchoring device to the patient, and attaching the catheter to the intravenous catheter anchoring device so as to restrict axial movement of the catheter relative to the device. The step of attaching the catheter to the anchoring devices includes the step of gripping the catheter with an elastically stretched retaining strap of the catheter anchoring device.
Other aspects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments and the accompanying drawing figures.
Preferred embodiments of the invention are described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures, wherein:
The drawing figures do not limit the present invention to the specific embodiments disclosed and described herein. The drawings are not necessarily to scale, emphasis instead being placed upon clearly illustrating the principles of the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTSAn intravenous catheter anchoring assembly 10 for use in securing a catheter 12 to a patient P is illustrated in
As will be shown, other catheter anchoring embodiments disclosed herein function primarily as a tubing collector. As previously discussed, tubing collectors generally permit removable attachment of the tubing of a catheter, an intravenous extension set, or of an intravenous administration set to the patient P and principally serve to store an excess length of that tubing (see
The illustrated embodiment of
The catheter 12 includes tubing 24 having an internal bore (not shown) that is also referred to as a lumen. The catheter 12 further includes proximal and distal sections 26, 28 (with “proximal” and “distal” referring to the relative proximity to the intravenous administration set). The distal section 28 extends into and out of the patient's body at a puncture location 30 (sometimes referred to as a venipuncture site). The distal section 28 also terminates at a Y-site suture hub 32. The proximal sections 26 terminate at the suture hub 32 and at ends 34 which are formed by female luer fittings. The proximal sections 26 of the CVC catheter 12 each include a single lumen, making the catheter 12 a double lumen catheter. The lumens are configured in the usual manner to carry fluids to and from the patient P. The catheter 12 also includes clamps 36 that occlude the tubing 24 by sealing the lumen and thereby prevent the flow of fluid from one end to the other.
The single lumen catheter 16, as shown in
As shown in
Turning back to
The membrane 18 further includes a first adhesive layer 82 (see
Turning to
Referring to
The connectors 92 each include a post 104 having a rounded head end 106. As shown particularly in
The connectors 92 also form primary and secondary attachment sides 110,112. A first pair of the connectors 92 extend parallel to each other in a first lateral direction and are similarly angled relative to the base 90 so that they cooperatively define a primary attachment side 110 of the platform 20. A second pair of the connectors 92 also extend parallel to each other and cooperatively form another primary attachment side 110. The second pair are also angled relative to the base 90 at an angle similar to the first pair, but extend in an opposite lateral direction from the first pair. Each of the connectors 92 are spaced apart so that the distance between any two adjacent connectors 92 is about the same (thus forming the corners of an imaginary square). Therefore, adjacent connectors 92 that extend in opposite lateral directions from each other cooperatively form secondary attachment sides 112 of the platform 20.
In the preferred embodiment, the connectors 92 and base 90 are integrally injection molded of a relatively hard plastic to create the unitary platform 20. Alternatively, the platform 20 can be molded to include a relatively flexible elastomeric insert material (e.g., silicone). Elastomeric materials generally have a lower modulus of elasticity than hard plastic materials and also provide surfaces with a higher coefficient of friction. Therefore, such a material can be incorporated into the platform 20 so that the platform 20 has a surface that grips the catheter 16. Specifically, the elastomeric structure grips the catheter 16 by frictionally engaging and by flexibly conforming to the catheter 16.
While the use of elastomeric materials, such as silicone, is preferred for enabling the intravenous catheter anchoring assembly 10 to frictionally engage the catheter 16, for other aspects of the invention, it is also preferred to treat portions of the elastomer surface so that it is soft and has a relatively low coefficient of friction. In particular, for surfaces that come into contact with the patient's skin, the relatively sticky feel of silicone can be uncomfortable for the patient. One preferred solution is the application of a Parylene coating to the silicone (or other substrate) using a vapor deposition process. The process creates a uniform polymer film over the substrate that has a relatively soft feel against the patient's skin and is relatively slick. While the Parylene coating is not preferred for the catheter-gripping surfaces of the illustrated platform 20, other surfaces could include Parylene, particularly where those surfaces come into direct contact with the patient P.
Referring again to
The combined platform 20 and membrane 18 are removably attachable to the patient's skin as discussed above. The membrane 18 flexes to conform to curved surfaces in the attachment site. Furthermore, the contoured shape of the relatively rigid platform 20 permits the platform 20 to remain bonded to the membrane 18 while being closely arranged to the patient's skin even if it includes significant curvature.
Turning back to
Referring to
As perhaps best shown in
As discussed, the retaining strap 22 includes a substantially homogeneous material. More preferably, the retaining strap 22 is molded out of a substantially clear elastomeric silicon-material. Also, the retaining strap 22 is preferably molded in an injection molding process. However, it could also be formed by other molding processes, such as thermoforming, known to those of ordinary skill in the art.
The elastomeric silicon material preferably includes a relatively high coefficient of friction and exhibits some “stickiness” on at least its catheter-engaging surfaces. Again, the use of elastomeric materials is preferred for enabling the intravenous catheter anchoring assembly 10 to frictionally engage the catheter 16. However, it is also preferred to coat portions of the elastomer surface of the retaining strap 22 with Parylene so that it is soft and has a relatively low coefficient of friction. For example, the outer, non-catheter-engaging surfaces of the retaining strap 22 are preferably coated so as to be soft and comfortable to the touch. Again, the Parylene coating is not preferred for the catheter-gripping surfaces of the illustrated retaining strap 22.
Turning to
While the illustrated platform 20 includes the post 104 and the corresponding hole 128 is in the retaining strap 22, the platform 20 and retaining strap 22 could be variously configured to achieve a similar connecting mechanism without departing from the scope of the present invention. For example, either the platform 20 or retaining strap 22 could include one or more engageable posts, hooks, barbs, balls or other male projections. The other corresponding platform 20 or retaining strap 22 could then include corresponding holes, slots, sockets, or other female ends to achieve a removable connection with the respective male projections. Alternatively, the platform 20 or retaining strap 22 could each include a combination of male and female connectors consistent with the scope of the present invention.
Moreover, it is within the ambit of the present invention that the platform 20 and retaining strap 22 could be permanently attached to each other. For example, one or both ends 116 of the retaining strap 22 could be molded with, over-molded to, adhered to, or otherwise non-removably (e.g., integrally) fixed to the platform 20. The term “coupled” as used herein shall be interpreted to mean permanently attached, as discussed, or removably attached.
In the illustrated embodiment, the retaining strap 22 is fully secured to the platform 20 by lowering the pull-tabs 120 (causing the body 114 to flex) so that the remaining two connectors 92 can be received within two of the holes 128. The upwardly and outwardly angled posts 104 restrict the retaining strap 22 from moving out of the attached position, as the strap 22 would have to be stretched to a greater extent to do so. Again, each of the pull-tabs 120 includes a plurality of holes 128 for selective attachment to the connectors 92. Generally, each of the pull-tabs 120 can be attached to its respective connector 92 at the same time along any one of the holes 128. Thus, the retaining strap 22 is variously adjustable. Additionally, because the connectors 92 are about evenly spaced as discussed above, the retaining strap 22 is attachable to the platform 20 in any of four discrete orientations relative to the platform 20.
The elastomeric retaining strap 22 preferably includes a lower modulus of elasticity than the platform 20, making the retaining strap 22 less rigid than the platform 20. Therefore, when the retaining strap 22 is attached between connectors 92 under tension, the retaining strap 22 elongates while the platform 20 deflects negligibly. In this manner, the platform substantially retains its shape when the body is elastically stretched to receive the catheter 16.
Turning to
The passageways 136 are also adjustably sized and shaped due to the adjustable and elastic features of the retaining strap 22. More specifically, the passageways 136 have an adjustable cross-sectional dimension D (see
The catheter anchoring assembly 10 secures the catheters 12, 16 as shown in
The pull-tabs 120 are then secured to the remaining connectors 92 by stretching the retaining strap 22 over the suture hub 46. The platform 20 and strap 22 are preferably configured and dimensioned so that the strap 22 is elastically stretched when the catheter is secured between the platform 20 and strap 22, whereby the catheter 16 is gripped and axially retained. The suture hub 46 is arranged between the platform 20 and retaining strap 22 with the tubing 42 extending through oppositely spaced openings 138 and across the primary attachment sides 110. Furthermore, projections 50 are received respectively in the remaining oppositely spaced openings 138. Again, the fully attached retaining strap 22 is preferably elastically elongated and under tension to force the catheter 16 against the platform 20. This elongation further promotes the gripping ability of the retaining strap 22 by increasing the frictional engagement between the retaining strap 22 and catheter 16. Elongation and stretching around the catheter 16 also promotes gripping in that the retaining strap 22 conforms more closely to the contours of the catheter 16. The illustrated retaining strap 22 and platform 20 grip the catheter 16 to restrict movement along the catheter's axial direction but also along a transverse or vertical direction. Moreover, the catheter 12 is substantially restricted from rotating in any direction. However, it is consistent with certain aspects of the present invention that the retaining strap 22 could be attached to retain the catheter 16 without being elongated or otherwise elastically stretched.
Referring to
In operation, the catheter 16 is inserted into the patient P (see
The elongated pull-tabs 120 can be re-attached to the connectors 92 to change the amount of elastic elongation in the retaining strap. In this manner, the catheter 16 can be more tightly or loosely secured. Such reattachment not only permits the catheter-receiving passageway to be adjustably sizeable, but with the elastic nature and stretching of the strap 22, the gripping force applied against the catheter 16 can be varied. The pull-tabs 118,120 can be released to permit removal of the catheter 16 from the catheter anchoring assembly 10.
Turning to
In
In
In
In
In
In
In
Referring to
The U-shaped retaining strap 904 includes a body 924 presenting an attachment end 926 and pull-tabs 928. The attachment end 926 includes a bore 930 that receives the pin 912. In this manner, the retaining strap 904 and platform 902 are partially attached to each other by a hinge. The pin 912 is preferably rotates relative to the retaining strap 904 when the strap 904 and platform 902 are assembled. However, it is also consistent with the principles of the present invention for the pin 912 to rotate relative to either or both the strap 904 and platform 902. The retaining strap 904 is further attached to the platform 902 by securing the connectors 908 within respective holes 932 of the pull-tabs 928. Although not shown, each of the tabs 928 can be provided with multiple holes 932 to afford the adjustability noted above.
Referring to
Turning to
In
The retaining strap 1204 comprises a body 1222 with pull tabs 1224, a stretch portion 1226, and through-holes 1228. The tubing 1218 is preferably arranged in a serpentine pattern such that each trough 1212 receives a section of the tubing 1218. The strap 1204 is then stretched over the arranged tubing 1218 to hold the tubing 1218 within the troughs 1212 and thereby restrict movement out of the troughs 1212 and axial movement through the troughs 1212.
In
The illustrated catches 1316 cooperate with the troughs 1310 to define undercut sides and restricted openings 1318 that are smaller in width than the trough's maximum width and undersized relative to the diameter of tubing 1320 (see
The platform 1302 further includes a lower surface 1324. The base 1306 includes a plurality of parallel grooves 1326 extending between sides of the platform 1302. The grooves 1326 have undercut sides 1328 (similar to a dove-tail cross-section) to form a narrow opening 1330 and a slightly wider base 1332. The grooves 1326 increase the base's surface area to promote adhesion to the flexible membrane (not shown). The shape of the grooves 1326 also permit adhesive to be received therein such that the adhesive layer is mechanically and adhesively attached to the platform 1302.
In
The platform 1402 and retaining strap 1404 receive the catheter hub 48 and secure it within the trough 1410 so that it is inclined toward the stop 1416. In this mariner, the strap which is preferably elastically stretched urges the hub 48 against the inclined trough 1410 downwardly toward and against the stop 1416. Thus, the stop 1416 resists axial movement of the catheter 44 beyond the stop 1416, and the inclined trough resists axial movement of the catheter 44 away from the stop 1416. The restricted axial movement also restricts pistoning of the catheter 44.
In
The retaining strap 1506 includes a body 1520. The body 1520 includes attachment ends 1522 with pull-tabs 1524, 1526. The body 1520 further includes a centrally located stretch portion 1528 between the ends 1522 and presents upper and lower surfaces 1530, 1532. The body 1520 also includes attachment locations with through-holes 1534 and reinforced ribs 1536 surrounding the holes 1534. Pull-tabs 1524 each include a single hole 1534, and pull-tabs 1526 each include two holes 1534 for adjustment purposes. The ribs 1536 extend from the upper surface 1530 and include a deflecting surface 1538 that tapers inwardly as it extends from the upper surface 1530. Thus, the deflecting surface 1538 forms a conical frustum (i.e., has a frusto-conical shape). The ribs 1536 are also shaped to provide a countersunk portion 1540 of the holes 1534.
The retaining strap 1506 is attached to the platform 1502 by extending the posts 1516 through respective holes 1534. As discussed, pull-tabs 1526 each include two holes 1534 so that the retaining strap 1506 may be adjustably positioned relative to the platform 1502. The countersunk portion 1540 permits the head end 1518 to be received therein without stretching the ribs 1536 outward. The deflecting surface 1538 extends inward with the uppermost end surrounding the head end 1518. Thus, the deflecting surface 1538 reduces the risk of catching or snagging of external objects (e.g., clothing) by inadvertent contact with the ribs 1536 or connectors 1512. The principles of the present invention are applicable to raised ribs with alternative shapes that guard against accidental snagging of the anchoring assembly 1500.
The preferred forms of the invention described above are to be used as illustration only, and should not be utilized in a limiting sense in interpreting the scope of the present invention. Obvious modifications to the exemplary embodiments, as hereinabove set forth, could be readily made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
The inventors hereby state their intent to rely on the Doctrine of Equivalents to determine and assess the reasonably fair scope of the present invention as pertains to any apparatus not materially departing from but outside the literal scope of the invention as set forth in the following claims.
Claims
1. An intravenous catheter anchoring device for securing a catheter to a patient, wherein the catheter includes a distal section configured to be at least partially inserted into the patient and a proximal section, said device comprising:
- a platform including a base and a plurality of connectors, said base forming at least part of an internal surface, said internal surface including a trough to receive said catheter; and
- a retaining strap cooperating with said internal surface of said platform to define a catheter-receiving passageway configured to receive a portion of said catheter with said proximal and distal sections projecting outwardly therefrom, said retaining strap comprising an elastomeric body, said body including spaced apart pull-tabs each being removably attached to a corresponding one of said connectors, with said body being elastically stretched when said catheter portion is received in said passageway wherein said catheter is gripped and thereby axially retained by said device.
2. The intravenous catheter anchoring device as in claim 1, wherein said retaining strap is less rigid than said platform, so that said platform substantially retains its shape when said elastomeric body is elastically stretched to receive said catheter in said passageway.
3. The intravenous catheter anchoring device as in claim 1, wherein said retaining strap is formed of a first material and said platform being formed of second material, said first material having greater elasticity than said second material.
4. The intravenous catheter anchoring device as in claim 1, wherein said elastomeric body is configured so that strain varies along the length thereof when said body is elastically stretched.
5. The intravenous catheter anchoring device as in claim 1, wherein said elastomeric body includes a stretch portion and a pull-tab, said elastomeric body being configured so that said stretch portion undergoes greater strain than said pull-tab when said body is elastically stretched.
6. The intravenous catheter anchoring device as in claim 5, wherein said stretch portion is centrally located to partially define said catheter-receiving passageway, said pull-tab being removably attached to said platform.
7. The intravenous catheter anchoring device as in claim 1, wherein said trough has an arcuate shape and forms at least part of said internal surface.
8. The intravenous catheter anchoring device as in claim 7, wherein said arcuate trough includes opposite ends, said arcuate trough sloping downwardly toward one of said ends thereof.
9. The intravenous catheter anchoring device as in claim 8, wherein said base comprises a stop adjacent said one of said ends so as to resist axial movement of said catheter along said trough in the direction of said stop.
10. The intravenous catheter anchoring device as in claim 1, wherein said trough is configured to extend at least partly around said catheter.
11. The intravenous catheter anchoring device as in claim 1, wherein said trough has a maximum cross-sectional dimension, and wherein said base includes a tubing catch projecting inwardly relative to said maximum cross-sectional dimension so as to releasably retain said catheter within said trough.
12. The intravenous catheter anchoring device as in claim 11, wherein said trough has an arcuate cross-sectional shape, and wherein said trough extends about an arc equal to or less than about 180 degrees, said tubing catch extending radially inward relative to said arc.
13. The intravenous catheter anchoring device as in claim 11, wherein said base includes a plurality of troughs and tubing catches.
14. An intravenous catheter anchoring device for securing a catheter to a patient, wherein said catheter includes a distal section configured to be at least partially inserted into said patient and a proximal section, said device comprising:
- a platform configured for removable attachment to said patient, said platform having a base and a connector, said base forming at least part of an internal surface, said internal surface including a trough to receive said catheter; and
- a retaining strap cooperating with said platform to define a catheter-receiving passageway configured to receive a portion of said catheter with said proximal and distal sections projecting outwardly therefrom, said retaining strap comprising an elongated flexible body having spaced apart opposite ends, one of which is coupled to said platform and the other which is removably attached to said connector, said flexible body including a plurality of discrete attachment locations spaced along the length of said flexible body, with each of said attachment locations being releasably connectable to said connector, said catheter-receiving passageway having an adjustable cross-sectional dimension that varies depending upon which attachment location is connected to said connector.
15. The intravenous catheter anchoring device as in claim 14, wherein said trough has an arcuate shape.
16. The intravenous catheter anchoring device as claim 15, wherein said arcuate trough includes opposite ends, said arcuate trough sloping downwardly toward one of said ends thereof, with said base including a stop adjacent said one of said ends so as to resist axial movement of said catheter along said trough in the direction of said stop.
17. The intravenous catheter anchoring device as in claim 14, wherein said trough is configured to extend at least partly around said catheter, and wherein said trough has a maximum cross-sectional dimension, said base including a tubing catch projecting inwardly relative to said maximum cross-sectional dimension so as to releasably retain said catheter within said trough.
18. The intravenous catheter anchoring device as in claim 17, wherein said trough has an arcuate cross-sectional shape extends about an arc equal to or less than about 180 degrees, said tubing catch extending radially inward relative to said arc.
19. An intravenous catheter anchoring device for securing a catheter to a patient, wherein said catheter includes a distal section configured to be at least partially inserted into said patient and a proximal section, said device comprising:
- a platform including a base and a plurality of connectors, said base forming at least part of an internal surface, said internal surface including a trough to receive said catheter; and
- a retaining strap cooperating with said plurality of connectors to define a plurality of non-aligned catheter-receiving passageways, each being configured to receive a portion of said catheter with said proximal and distal sections projecting outwardly therefrom, said passageways cooperatively providing multiple catheter orientations relative to said device, said platform and strap being intercoupled at least at more than two coupling locations, said platform and strap cooperatively defining a plurality of catheter-receiving openings, each of which is between adjacent ones of said coupling locations, each of said passageways extending between a corresponding pair of catheter-receiving openings.
20. The intravenous catheter anchoring device as in claim 19, wherein said trough forms a portion of said catheter-receiving passageways.
Type: Application
Filed: Nov 8, 2011
Publication Date: Mar 8, 2012
Applicant: Venetec International, Inc. (Covington, GA)
Inventors: W. Cary Dikeman (Lenexa, KS), Chris Winsor (Olathe, KS), Steve A. Cash (Overland Park, KS), Larry C. Smith (Shawnee, KS)
Application Number: 13/291,464
International Classification: A61M 25/02 (20060101);