SEPTAL DEFECT CLOSURE DEVICE
A device for closing a septal defect of a patient comprising a covering member and at least one retaining leg. The covering member has a first configuration for delivery and a second configuration for placement on the first side of the defect. The at least one retaining leg is configured to contact tissue on the second side of the defect to retain the covering member and has a first configuration for delivery and a second configuration for placement on the second side of the defect.
This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/847,141, filed May 17, 2004, which is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 10/345,533, filed Jan. 16, 2003, which is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 10/163,142, filed Jun. 5, 2002, which claims priority from provisional application Ser. No. 60/355,526, filed Feb. 6, 2002, and which is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 09/659,648, filed Sep. 12, 2000, which claims priority from provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/153,736, filed Sep. 13, 1999. The contents of each of these applications are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
BACKGROUND1. Technical Field
This application relates to a closure device and more particularly to a device for closing septal defects such as the patent foramen ovale.
2. Background of Related Art
Septal defects are perforations in the septum, a wall dividing two cavities, such as the atria of the heart. Atrial defects can occur congenitally (by birth) or develop later such as after a heart attack.
One type of atrial defect is the foramen ovale. The foramen ovale is a valve-like opening between the two atria of the heart in the fetus. In most cases, it closes shortly before or after birth as fibrous tissue growth seals the opening. However, in some cases, the opening (defect) remains open (patent), allowing blood to shunt across the defect from the left atrium to the right atrium. This means that the un-oxygenated blood flows directly from the right side to the left side of the heart, where it travels through the aorta to the brain and other parts of the body. This can lead to life-threatening strokes as clots can travel to the brain. Additionally, since blood shunts from the higher pressure left ventricle into the lower pressure right side heart chambers and pulmonary arteries, this increase in flow at the high pressure can cause cardiac failure and even death.
One approach to treatment to prevent travel of the life-threatening blood clots is the administration of medications to break up the blood clots. However, these blood thinning medications are expensive, increase the risk of bleeding and could have adverse side effects. Another approach is to perform invasive open heart surgery to close off the patent foramen ovale (PFO) by suturing the tissue to close the opening or by suturing a patch to cover the defect. Such invasive open heart surgery is time consuming, traumatic to the patient, increases patient risk and recovery time, and increases costs as extended hospital stays are required.
It is therefore recognized that a minimally invasive approach to closing the septal defect to prevent the aforementioned migration of blood clots into cranial circulation and prevent cardiac overwork by high pressure flow would be beneficial. These devices, however, need to meet several criteria.
Such minimally invasive devices need to be collapsible to a small enough dimension to enable delivery through a small incision while being expandable to a sufficiently large dimension with sufficient stability to ensure sealing of the septal defect. The smaller the profile when collapsed the better the access and insertion. Providing a low profile once positioned is also advantageous because it minimizes disruption of blood flow.
There have been several attempts in the prior art to provide minimally invasive devices for closing a PFO. For example, in U.S. Pat. No. 5,846,261, a tubular wire braid of shape memory metal fabric is placed in the opening. In U.S. Pat. No. 5,944,738, two discs of braided shape memory wires are utilized. In U.S. Pat. No. 5,425,744, two Dacron covered shape memory frameworks are connected by a wire. In U.S. Pat. No. 5,861,003, two sacs of porous material supported by a wire frame are placed on opposing sides of the opening. In U.S. Pat. No. 6,712,836, a shape memory frame with fingers on both sides of the aperture to hold the plugging structure made of cloth or Dacron which extends through the aperture is disclosed.
It would be advantageous however to provide a device which provides stability to maintain the device position. It would also be advantageous to provide a device which presents a lower implantation profile as well as a lower insertion profile. This would minimize the insertion profile, facilitate passage to and through the defect, and provide less interference with blood flow.
Commonly assigned U.S. Pat. No. 10/847,141, filed May 17, 2004, discloses a device for closing vessel apertures. The present application provides a closure device with a reduced profile internally supported patch adapted for closing septal defects such as the patent foramen ovale.
SUMMARYThe present invention overcomes the problems and deficiencies of the prior art. The present invention provides a device for closing a septal defect of a patient. The device comprises a covering member and at least one retaining leg. The covering member has a first configuration for delivery and a second larger configuration for placement on a first side of the defect. The covering member has a dimension at least equal to the size of the defect to cover the defect. The at least one retaining leg is configured to contact tissue on a second side of the defect to retain the covering member and has a first reduced profile configuration for delivery and a second configuration for placement on the second side of the defect.
In a preferred embodiment, the covering member includes a support in the form of a wire composed of shape memory material and is substantially ring or disc-shaped in the second configuration wherein movement of the support to the second configuration expands the covering member. In a preferred embodiment, the at least one retaining leg is composed of shape memory material. In one embodiment, the at least one retaining leg comprises two legs, wherein in the second configuration the two legs curve radially outwardly in different directions to engage tissue on the second side of the defect. In an alternate embodiment, the at least one retaining leg comprises four legs.
In a preferred embodiment, the covering member is placed on a distal side of the defect and the at least one retaining leg is placed on a proximal side of the defect.
The present invention also provides a method of closing a septal defect comprising:
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- providing a covering member for delivery to a distal side of the septal defect, the covering member having a dimension at least equal to a size of the defect to cover the defect;
- delivering the covering member in a collapsed position to the distal side of the septal defect, the covering member moving to a placement configuration to cover the distal side of the defect; and
- delivering at least one retaining member in an elongated position to a proximal side of the defect, the retaining member moving to a curved position to engage tissue on the proximal side of the defect to retain the covering member on the distal side of the defect.
In one embodiment, the step of delivering the covering member occurs prior to the expansion of the covering member. In another embodiment, the covering member has an expandable wire positioned therein composed of shape memory material so that upon delivery the wire expands to expand the covering member to the placement configuration. In a preferred embodiment, the at least one retaining member is composed of shape memory material so that upon delivery, the retaining member automatically moves to a curved placement position. In a preferred embodiment, the at least one retaining member comprises first and second legs.
Preferred embodiment(s) of the present disclosure are described herein with reference to the drawings wherein:
Referring now in detail to the drawings where like reference numerals identify similar or like components throughout the several views, the present invention provides a closure device for closing the patent foramen ovale (PFO) and a delivery system for placement of the closure device. With initial reference to
With reference to
The clip 12 functions as a retaining member and preferably includes two clip legs 14, 16 extending distally from patch 20, preferably in opposite directions. The legs 14, 16 can be attached to the patch by adhesive or other means. These retaining legs 14, 16 are dimensioned and configured to engage tissue adjacent the defect on the proximal side P (see e.g.,
The patch 20 can be composed of a variety of materials, such as PFTE, polyethylene, swine intestinal submucosa, endothelium and/or other native tissues such as vein, artery, umbilical, or pericardium as either an allograft or xenograft. The patch could be coated with a hydrophilic, heparin, anti-platelet or anti-thrombogenic coating. The patch 20 is in the collapsed configuration within catheter 50 for delivery as shown in
The wire 30 is preferably composed of shape memory material, such as Nitinol, with an austenitic annular shaped memorized position illustrated in
When advanced from the delivery tube 50, the wire 30 is warmed by body temperature and moves from its delivery configuration of
The embodiment of
The method of placement of the closure device of the present invention will now be described. The method described is for the embodiment of
The delivery catheter 50 is inserted through an introducer sheath in the femoral vein and advanced to access the atria as shown in
In the first step, pusher 60 is advanced distally, (e.g., by a handle (not shown) or other mechanism) at a proximal end of the catheter 50 in the direction of arrow F of
Next, the wire pusher (not shown) is advanced distally in the direction of arrow E of
Note that in a preferred embodiment, the wire pusher can have a radiopaque marker which can align with the radiopaque marker 56 on the catheter 50. This will provide a visual indication to the user that the pusher has completed its travel and the wire 30′ has been inserted as the two markers align and provide a relatively large solid area for imaging. This will occur on full advancement of the wire pusher. A radiopaque marker can also be provided at the base of legs 14, 16 adjacent the patch 20 for imaging. Alignment of the radiopaque members is described in application Ser. No. 60/674,321 referenced above.
After full insertion of the wire 30′ into the patch 20, the pusher 60 along with the catheter 50 are withdrawn, releasing the clip legs 12, 14 from the catheter to the proximal side P of the opening to enable movement toward their memorized curved position as they are warmed by body temperature. In their curved position, they grasp tissue on the proximal side P of the defect to retain patch 20 in place to cover the opening to prevent blood flow therethrough. Withdrawal of the catheter 50 leaves the closure device 10 in place as shown in
It should be appreciated that in an alternate embodiment, the patch is placed on the proximal side of the defect and the legs are placed on the distal side. This is shown in
While the above description contains many specifics, those specifics should not be construed as limitations on the scope of the disclosure, but merely as exemplifications of preferred embodiments thereof. For example, the patch could be used to close other openings in the body. Those skilled in the art will envision many other possible variations that are within the scope and spirit of the disclosure as defined by the claims appended hereto.
Claims
1-12. (canceled)
13. A method of closing a septal defect comprising:
- providing a covering member for delivery to a distal side of the septal defect, the covering member having a dimension at least equal to a size of the defect to cover the defect;
- delivering the covering member in a collapsed position to the distal side of the septal defect, the covering member moving to a an expanded placement configuration to cover the distal side of the defect; and
- delivering at least one retaining member in an elongated position to a proximal side of the defect, the retaining member moving to a placement position to engage tissue on the proximal side of the defect to retain the covering member on the distal side of the defect.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein the step of delivering the covering member occurs prior to movement of the covering member to the expanded placement configuration.
15. The method of claim 13, wherein the covering member has an expandable wire positioned therein composed of shape memory material so that upon delivery the wire expands to expand the covering member to the placement configuration.
16. The method of claim 15, wherein the wire is delivered to the covering member is situ.
17. The method of claim 13, wherein the at least one retaining member is composed of shape memory material so that upon delivery the retaining member automatically moves to a curved placement position.
18. The method of claim 15, wherein the wire is substantially ring-shaped in a shape memorized position.
19. The method of claim 13, wherein the at least one retaining member includes two curved legs, and wherein movement to the placement position enables the legs to curve toward the covering member.
20. The method of claim 16, wherein the wire is delivered in an elongated configuration.
21. The method of claim 20, wherein the wire moves to a substantially ring-shaped shape memorized position when delivered to the covering member.
22. The method of claim 13, wherein the at least one retaining member is composed of a different material than the covering member.
23. The method of claim 19, wherein the legs have free ends and when released from a delivery member to move to a placement position, the free ends curve toward the covering member.
24. The method of claim 13, wherein a first pusher advances the covering member to the placement configuration.
25. The method of claim 24, further comprising the step of releasing the first pusher from attachment to the covering member.
26. The method of claim 24, further comprising the step advancing a wire into the covering member by advancing a second pusher through a lumen in the first pusher.
27. The method of claim 26, wherein the at least one retaining member is released from a delivery member to move to the placement position after the step of advancing the wire into the covering member.
Type: Application
Filed: Nov 21, 2011
Publication Date: Mar 15, 2012
Inventor: James F. McGuckin, JR. (Radnor, PA)
Application Number: 13/300,866
International Classification: A61B 17/10 (20060101);