MULTIPLE AIRFLOW PATTERN WATER SOURCE GEOTHERMAL HEAT PUMP UNIT
A modular water source geothermal heat pump unit is provided. The water source geothermal heat pump unit comprises separate fan, compressor and coil modules. In one embodiment, the compressor module may be located between the fan and coil modules. In another embodiment the water source geothermal heat pump unit may be a monolithic unit that includes a fan that directs air through a chute located adjacent a compressor. The chute may also be located between the fan and a coil.
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The present application is a Continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/493,953, filed on Jun. 29, 2009, entitled “Multiple Airflow Pattern Water Source Geothermal Heat Pump Unit” which is a Continuation-in-Part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/648,380, filed on Dec. 29, 2006, entitled “Modular, Multiple Airflow Pattern Water Source Heat Pump.” To the extent not included below, the subject matter disclosed in that application is hereby expressly incorporated into the present application by reference.
TECHNICAL FIELDThe present disclosure is related to geothermal heating and cooling units which are water source heat pumps that use the earth's internal ground temperatures or ground water to efficiently heat and cool homes and other structures. While this disclosure will refer to geothermal heat pump units, the same technology can be used in water source heat pump units using heating and cooling sources other than ground or ground water temperatures.
BACKGROUND AND SUMMARYIn the age of ever increasing environmental awareness, combined with the increasing cost of fossil fuels, geothermal heating and cooling systems are becoming the HVAC system of choice for new homes or structures, as well as for the replacement of existing systems.
Geothermal systems comprise a water source heat pump for heating and cooling. A basic heat pump works on the principle of moving heat from one place to another, hence the name. In the case of a geothermal heat pump, ground water or a liquid which is circulated through a series of pipes installed in the ground, lake, or pond is pumped through a heat exchanger in the geothermal heat pump, transferring energy to a refrigerant. The refrigerant absorbs energy from the fluid and changes state from a liquid to a gas. The refrigerant gas is pressurized by a compressor creating a higher temperature, which is then circulated through a coil via a fan, and ducts distribute the heat to the home or structure. For cooling, the process is reversed; excess heat is drawn from the home or structure, ejected to the ground water or ground loop via the geothermal heat pump.
Consequently, a myriad of components are necessary to run these cycles, and these components take up a lot of space. A geothermal unit is quite different from a typical furnace that simply heats air via burning fuel such as propane or natural gas. A benefit of the gas furnace, however, is that it requires less space. Moreover, the air conditioning portion of a conventional home HVAC system is a separate unit located outside. The result is that most conventional HVAC systems can be installed in relatively confined mechanical rooms. Although furnace size can differ, as a point of reference for illustrative purposes, a conventional home furnace measures about 18 to 22 inches wide by 28 to 29 inches deep, and 42 to 48 inches high. In contrast, a typical home geothermal unit is illustratively 22 to 26 inches wide, plus an additional 12 inches for ductwork, 24 to 32 inches deep, and 38 to 50 inches high. As a consequence, unless the mechanical room happens to have ample space, retrofitting a geothermal unit in a space previously occupied by a gas furnace can be difficult and often impossible. This can weigh heavily on an existing home's ability to become more energy efficient and environmentally friendly.
Setting aside furnace retrofits, another issue with geothermal units is their inability to adapt to certain duct inlet and outlet locations. For example, the configuration of the home or other structure may require an inlet return air duct attach to the side of the geothermal unit, whereas the outlet duct attach at the top. In other instances, the inlet may be on the side, and the outlet on the bottom. A consequence of this is that many different configurations of geothermal units need to be manufactured and stocked to accommodate the wide variety of inlet and outlet possibilities. Current manufacturers and distributors must stock a multitude of water source heat pumps in various capacities and at least 5 different airflow configurations in each capacity. These air flow configurations include a left return top outlet system, a right return top outlet system, a left return bottom outlet system, a right return bottom outlet system, and occasionally a “split” system where the air handling section is separate from the compressor/heat exchanger section. Needless to say, this translates into increased manufacturing and distribution costs.
A large number of furnaces and air handlers are also installed in closets in the interior of a home or structure. If currently manufactured geothermal heat pumps are to be installed in a closet, air must enter from the left or right side. In many cases, there is not enough room in the closet to install the system. Furthermore, geothermal units do not have straight vertical pass-through capabilities. Many conventional heating and cooling systems are based on a “straight through” airflow configuration, where return air enters the unit from the top or bottom of the unit and exits through the opposite end. In other words, intake air will go straight through the system. This hampers the variety of duct inlet and outlet positions capable of accepting the geothermal heat pump. This also exacerbates the potential for use as a furnace retrofit, since many furnaces have such a capability.
In contrast, an illustrative modular water source geothermal heat pump of the present disclosure requires less space, reduces manufacturing and distribution costs, and is less difficult to install versus existing conventional left or right air intake/top or bottom outlet style geothermal heat pumps. Illustratively, this new modular water source geothermal heat pump assembly comprises separate components each connectable in various configurations that varies the locations of the air intakes and outlets, otherwise not found in conventional geothermal heat pump units. An embodiment of the assembly comprises independent fan, compressor, and coil modules. The fan module includes the air intake that provides air to the other modules. This fan module can be oriented in a variety of ways thereby positioning the air intake in a variety of locations to accommodate the requirements of the mechanical room and ductwork configurations. The compressor module creates heated or chilled refrigerant. The compressor module also includes a pass-through so moving air from the fan module can pass through to another module. The coil module receives the heated or chilled refrigerant through a coil that is exposed to the moving air from the fan module. Thermodynamic heat transfers between the coil and the moving the air, heating or cooling which exits the coil module into duct work.
In an illustrative embodiment, the compressor module can be positioned in a variety of locations relative to the fan module to accommodate the needs of the mechanical room and the coil module. For example, the compressor module can be located at the side of the fan module, above it, or below it. The compressor module creates heated or chilled refrigerant, and air supply ducting connects to the fan module allowing air from the fan module to pass through into the compressor module.
The coil module receives flowing air from the fan module, and heated or chilled refrigerant from the compressor module. The refrigerant is directed into a coil in the fan module and the air passes through that coil and exits through an outlet and into the ducting. The coil module is configurable so that the outlet can be positioned at the top or sides of the module as needed.
Modularization allows additional permutations of connecting the modules together. For example, another embodiment connects the fan and coil modules together directly and the compressor module is spaced apart, i.e., a “split system.” The separated compressor module is tethered using tubing directing the heated or chilled refrigerant to the coil. This arrangement allows further flexibility in how the water source geothermal heat pump assembly is customized for the particular purpose. Another illustrative embodiment includes a monolithic heat pump unit that includes the fan/compressor/coil components inside a single unit.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a modular water source geothermal heat pump unit is provided. The water source geothermal heat pump unit comprises a fan module, a compressor module, and a coil module. The compressor module is located between the fan and coil modules. The fan module also has an air inlet and the coil module also has an air outlet.
The above and other illustrative embodiments of the water source geothermal heat pump unit may further comprise: the fan module being separable from the compressor module which is separable from the coil module; the fan module including a fan that moves air out of the fan module and into a chute in the compressor module; air in the compressor module exits and enters the coil module which further comprises a coil, wherein the air passes through the coil and exits the outlet; the compressor module further comprising a compressor which creates heated or chilled refrigerant, and wherein the heated or chilled refrigerant being distributed to the coil in the coil module; each of the modules being selectively separable from one another and reconnectable in a different configuration; and each module further comprising a separate flooring.
Another illustrative embodiment of the water source geothermal heat pump unit comprises an enclosure having a first opening configured to receive air. There is also a second opening axially opposed to and distal from the first opening to exhaust the air. A fan located adjacent the first opening. The fan draws air and moves it from the first opening, and directs it toward the second opening. A compressor creates heated or chilled refrigerant. A coil is located adjacent the second opening. A chute is located adjacent the compressor and between the fan and the coil. The coil is configured to receive and circulate the heat or chilled refrigerant from the compressor. The moving air from the fan passes through the chute, through the coil, and exhausts from the second opening.
The above and other illustrative embodiments of the water source geothermal heat pump unit may further comprise: the coil being an A-frame coil; and the compressor being located between the fan and the coil.
Another illustrative embodiment of the water source geothermal heat pump unit comprises a fan module comprising a housing and a fan having a fan outlet. The fan outlet is located on the housing's periphery such that air can be moved exterior of the fan module. A compressor module is in communication with the fan module such that air exiting the fan module enters and exits the compressor module. A coil module is in communication with the compressor module wherein air from the compressor module enters the coil module, passes a coil, and then exits through an opening in the coil module.
The above and other illustrative embodiments of the geothermal heat pump unit may further comprise: each module being separable from each other; each module comprising a floor portion and ceiling portion; the coil being an A-frame coil; the fan module having an air inlet, and the coil module has an air outlet that is opposed to the air inlet; the fan module comprising a plurality of cover panels that are each removable, wherein the fan module being configured to receive an air inlet at any one of its sides; and the coil module comprising a plurality cover panels that are each removable, wherein the coil module is configured to receive an air outlet on any one of its sides, or its top.
Additional features and advantages of the various embodiments of the water source geothermal heat pump units will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the following detailed description of the illustrated embodiment exemplifying the best mode of carrying out the several embodiments heat pump as presently perceived.
Further, the purpose of the foregoing abstract, background, and summary is to enable the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, those skilled in the art, and the public at large (including those whom are not familiar with patent or legal terms or phraseology or necessarily versed in the relevant art) to determine from a cursory inspection the nature of the subject matter in this disclosure. Neither the abstract, background, or summary limits the scope of any claimed invention. Rather, this is measured by the claims.
The present disclosure will be described hereafter with reference to the attached drawings which are given as non-limiting examples only, in which:
Corresponding reference characters indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views. The exemplification set out herein illustrates embodiments of the water source geothermal heat pump, and such exemplification is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the water source geothermal heat pump in any manner.
DISCLOSURE OF ILLUSTRATIVE EMBODIMENTSA perspective view of an illustrative embodiment of a modular water source geothermal heat pump 2 is shown in
As shown herein, refrigeration line 16 carries expanded refrigerant gas from air coil to compressor suction port. Condensate pipe 18 drains condensate collected in trays 56 or 58. Refrigeration line 20, equalizes liquid refrigerant gas across coil 54. Fan bulkheads 22, 24, and 26 support the external supply ports for power and refrigerant.
Another perspective view of modular water source geothermal heat pump 2 is shown in
Compressor module 6, also shown in
Coil module 8 includes an illustrative A-frame coil 54 located between condensate downflow tray 56 and a condensate upflow tray 58. Refrigeration lines 16 and 20 extend into bulkhead 26. Condensate pipe 18 also extends from bulkhead 26 and is configured to drain condensate collected in trays 56 and 58. A refrigerant manifold 64 is in communication with refrigerant line 16. A refrigerant distributor 66 is in communication with refrigerant line 20 equalizing liquid refrigerant across the A-frame coil 54. In an illustrative embodiment, a condensate overflow switch is positioned adjacent either one of the overflow trays 56 or 58 depending on the orientation of the coil to detect excess levels of condensate in the pan(s).
Another perspective view of water source geothermal heat pump 2 is shown in
Another perspective view of modular water source geothermal heat pump 2 is shown in
Schematic views of water source geothermal heat pump 2 in different configurations are shown in
To accommodate this retrofit possibility, modules 4, 6, and 8, can be rearranged as needed and discussed further herein. For example, in certain circumstances air is needed to enter at the top and exit at the bottom, whereas in other instances air may need to enter from the bottom and exit from the top. As shown in
Elevational views of heat pump 2 taken from different orientations with the fan module 4 on top, compressor module 6 in the middle, and coil module 8 on the bottom are shown in
As a point of comparison,
A progressive side elevation view of module 8 is shown in
The side elevation views of
The schematic views of
The several schematic views shown in
Elevation views showing the four sides of fan module 4 are shown in
Top and bottom views of fan module 4 are shown in
Elevation views showing the four sides of compressor module 6 are shown in
The side view shown in
Elevation views showing the four sides of coil module 8 are shown in
Schematic views of compressor module 6 depicting the cooling, heating, and water circuit cycles are provided in
The refrigerant then travels to reversing valve 124 which is used to change the direction of flow for heating or cooling cycles. In this cooling mode, the refrigerant is directed to the liquid-to-refrigerant heat exchanger 72 where source liquid in the liquid-to-refrigerant coil absorbs the heat from the refrigerant. Refrigerant then travels to metering device 142 (also called an expansion valve) to the refrigeration valve 132, and then to air coil 54 where the refrigerant absorbs heat from the air flow generated by fan 30 cooling the air.
The refrigerant, now warm, travels back through the refrigeration valve 133 then to reversing valve 124. At reversing valve 124, the refrigerant is directed back to the compressor.
Conversely, during the heating cycle, as shown in
The refrigerant then travels to reversing valve 124. The reversing valve 124 changes the direction of flow to heating. During this heating cycle, refrigerant is directed from the reversing valve to the refrigeration valve and the service valve 133 and then to air coil 54. In the air coil 54, heat is extracted from the refrigerant by the air blown over coil 54 by the blower wheel turned by the fan motor 30. The air is heated by absorbing the heat from the refrigerant. Cooled refrigerant then travels from the air coil 54 to the refrigeration valve 132 then to the metering device 142, which determines the amount of refrigerant flow through the system. The refrigerant then travels to the liquid-to-refrigerant heat exchanger 72 and absorbs heat circulated through the system from the source liquid. The refrigerant then travels back to the reversing valve 124 and continues to the compressor where the circuit is now complete.
An illustrative schematic of a water circuit is shown in
A top perspective view of a portion of coil module 8, showing an illustrative connection frame 163, is shown in
Partially exploded perspective and detail side cross-sectional views of a portion of compressor module 6 and coil module 8 are shown in
Elevation views of additional embodiments of water source geothermal unit 200 and 202 are shown in
Claims
1. A water source geothermal unit comprising:
- a fan module;
- a compressor module; and
- a coil module;
- a chute located in the compressor module between the fan and coil modules;
- wherein the compressor module is located between the fan and coil modules; and
- wherein the fan module has an air inlet and the coil module has an air outlet.
2. The water source geothermal unit of claim 1, wherein the fan module is separable from the compressor module which is separable from the coil module;
3. The water source geothermal unit of claim 1, wherein the fan module includes a fan that moves air out of the fan module and into the chute in the compressor module.
4. The water source geothermal unit of claim 3, wherein air in the compressor module exits and enters the coil module which further comprises a coil, wherein the air passes around the coils an exits the outlet.
5. The water source geothermal unit of claim 4, wherein the compressor module further comprises a compressor that operates to heat or chill a refrigerant entering the compressor module, and wherein the heated or chilled refrigerant is distributed to the coil in the coil module.
6. The water source geothermal unit of claim 1, wherein each of the modules are selectively separable from one another and reconnectable in a different configuration.
7. The water source geothermal unit of claim 1, wherein each module further comprises a separate flooring.
8. A water source geothermal unit comprising:
- an enclosure having a first opening configured to receive air;
- a second opening axially opposed to and distal from the first opening to exhaust air;
- a fan located adjacent the first opening;
- wherein the fan draws air and moves air from the first opening, and directs the air toward the second opening;
- a compressor that receives evaporated refrigerant from a liquid-to-refrigerant heat exchange coil;
- wherein the compressor is configured to compress the evaporated refrigerant from the liquid-to-refrigerant heat exchange coil creating heated refrigerant during the heating cycle, and the compressor circuit creating chilled refrigerant during the cooling cycle;
- a coil located adjacent the second opening; and
- a chute located adjacent the compressor and between the fan and the coil;
- wherein the coil receives and circulates the heated or chilled refrigerant;
- wherein moving air from the fan passes through the chute, around the coil and exhausts from the second opening.
9. The water source geothermal unit of claim 8, wherein the coil is an A-frame coil.
10. The water source geothermal unit of claim 8, wherein the compressor is located between the fan and the coil.
11. A water source geothermal unit comprising:
- a fan module that includes a housing and a fan;
- wherein the fan module further includes a fan outlet located on the housing's periphery such that air can be moved exterior of the fan module;
- a compressor module that includes a chute and a compressor; wherein the chute in the compressor module opens into the fan module configured such that air exiting the fan module enters and exits the compressor module; and
- a coil module in communication with the compressor module configured such that air from the chute in the compressor module enters the coil module, passes a coil, and then exits through an opening in the coil module.
12. The water source geothermal unit of claim 11, wherein each module is separable from each other.
13. The water source geothermal unit of claim 11, wherein each module comprises a floor portion and ceiling portion.
14. The water source geothermal unit of claim 11, wherein the coil is an A-frame coil.
15. The water source geothermal unit of claim 11, wherein the fan module has an air inlet, and the coil module has an air outlet that is opposed to the air inlet.
16. The water source geothermal unit of claim 11, wherein the fan module further comprises a plurality of cover panels that are each removable, wherein the fan module is configured to receive an air inlet at any one of its sides.
17. The water source geothermal unit of claim 11, wherein the coil module further comprises a plurality cover panels that are each removable, wherein the coil module is configured to receive an air outlet on any one of its sides, or top.
Type: Application
Filed: Feb 27, 2012
Publication Date: Jun 21, 2012
Applicant: GEOTHERMAL DESIGN ASSOCIATES, INC. (Fort Wayne, IN)
Inventor: Jay Allen Hammond (Fort Wayne, IN)
Application Number: 13/405,433
International Classification: F25D 31/00 (20060101);