PRESSURE RELIEF SYSTEM FOR FOOTWEAR
A shoe having a last which includes a shape and volume that reflects the thickness of an internal sock liner, and a shoe interior made specifically for inclusion of the sock liner. The sock liner itself includes an anatomically shaped foot bed surface with a cupped heel, contoured arch, radiused forepart and beveled toe area. The sock liner material specifications and thicknesses are engineered or tuned to have a high amount of deflection when compressed without getting stiff.
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The present application claims priority to and incorporates herein by reference U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/491,190 filed on May 28, 2011.
BACKGROUND OF INVENTIONThe present invention relates to a pressure relief system for footwear that relieves plantar pressures via an anatomical sock liner which is engineered with a shape designed to achieve a high amount of deflection when compressed without becoming stiff.
Many footwear brands market shoes as “comfortable,” and there are many footwear products in the marketplace which claim to deliver on comfort. However, there is a misconception in the footwear industry as to what the definition of comfort actually is. Indeed, there is no universal standard for “comfort.” Consumers have a hard time understanding precisely what comfort means, and how it is designed into the footwear they are buying.
Most articles of footwear are designed for the masses to wear. However, the resulting fit and comfort experience will be different for everyone wearing a single shoe design, and satisfying such a broad range in population is very difficult.
Most non-athletic shoes today contain hard materials, flatter interior foot contact surfaces and/or are made with low density foams that easily bottom out (i.e., which fully compress too quickly, and therefore fail to provide sufficient cushioning). These constructions lead to higher than desired interior pressures created against the plantar surface of the foot, which eventually lead to discomfort. Essentially, most non-athletic shoes are build to be too hard and stiff.
Athletic shoes, on the other hand, are generally made with softer cushioning materials designed to provide shock absorption during high impact activities. However, these designs are not as comfortable when used for everyday wear, because the cushioning materials are tuned for the high-impact performance conditions, rather than the lower impact casual situations.
In order to correct for these design deficiencies in athletic and non-athletic shoes, many consumers buy after-market insoles in an attempt to compensate for a shoe's short comings. However, many of today's after-market insoles marketed for improving comfort or relieving foot problems cause fit and comfort compromises because these insoles were not designed holistically together with the shoes they are to be put inside. The comfort potential of these insoles is often offset by the functional deficits of the footwear into which they are installed (hard, stiff, inflexible, heavy, etc.).
Numerous combinations of after-market insoles and shoe constructions have been used in shoes in attempts to provide comfort. In most cases, layers of foam or other similar materials are added to the sole construction to create the initial perception of comfort, but such constructions typically lose their effect after a short time. Many actually end up creating discomfort. Beneath the soft foams are often hard, stiff structural components. Insoles, sock liners and bottom shapes generally don't match the plantar surface of a person's foot. When the shapes of the insole and/or the sock liner don't match the plantar surface of a wearer's foot, such shoe interiors have minimal/low arch and heel contact with the foot. When combined with increased pressures encountered when toeing off, inflexible soles create pressures on the plantar area of the foot up to four times higher as compared to standing still.
This invention improves upon the comfort benefits delivered in footwear by focusing on a specific comfort dimension: plantar pressure relief.
Specific advantages and features of the present invention will be apparent from the attached drawings and the description of an illustrative embodiment of the present invention.
SUMMARY OF INVENTIONA shoe is designed utilizing a last having a shape and volume that reflect the thickness of an internal sock liner, and a shoe interior made specifically for inclusion of this sock liner. The sock liner itself contains an anatomically shaped foot bed surface with a cupped heel, contoured arch, radiused forepart and beveled toe area. The sock liner material specifications and thicknesses are engineered or “tuned” to have a high amount of deflection when compressed without getting “stiff.”
The sock liner of the present invention includes a raised area in the midfoot region and a recessed area located in the hind foot or heel region. The raised area is positioned to underlie the medial arch of the wearer's foot and the recessed area is positioned to underlie the heel of the wearer's foot. The recessed area is defined by the peripheral edges formed around the hind foot region from the medial side to the lateral side of the heel. The peripheral edge in the hind foot region forms a raised portion where it wraps around the heel of the wearer's foot. The anatomically shaped and formed sock liner reflects the natural shapes of the human foot. The shaped plantar surface topography maximizes surface contact with the wearer's foot and increases comfort.
In order to “tune” the sock liner material dimensions, design and specifications are engineered through an analysis of: 1) the desired deflection ranges, which are generally between 40-70% of the overall thickness of the sock liner; 2) the target loading ranges being designed for active wearing occasions, which are generally between 30-70 pounds, depending on gender and/or foot size; 3) the physical properties of the materials to be used (as specified below); 4) the desired pressure range targets for various plantar areas of the foot, which are generally below 40 pounds per square inch; and 5) anatomical shapes that create additional surface contact with the foot. The deflection of the sock liner is preferably approximately 25% while standing and approximately 50% while running or walking.
Unlike most shoes designed for “extra comfort,” the exterior of the shoe can be designed for any wearing occasion and/or end use. The shoe may be designed with less midsole thickness than conventional shoes, in order to compensate for added thickness of the sock liner. In this way, the system can be applied to any type of footwear category or end use as long as there is adequate sockliner thickness available. Athletic shoes (running, training, walking), sandals, work shoes (duty/service industries), and casual shoes may all incorporate such sock liners. Consideration is given for the exterior shoe sole design to complement the functionality designed for this system, such as: anatomically correct flex location; and material thicknesses and specifications that do not contribute to inflexibility, thus increasing pressure against the foot's plantar surface by the poor shoe design/materials.
Preferably, materials may include polyurethane, SEBS foam, EVA, rubber sponge, latex, and/or co-polymer blended foams. The materials preferably have a hardness of between 10 C and 70 C on the Asker C scale, with a material density of between 0.05 g/cc and 0.60 g/cc. The thickness of the sock liner (measured at the center of the heel and center of the forefoot—not wall heights) varies by shoe design. However, the thickness generally ranges from 5 mm to 50 mm at the heel center, and from 3 mm to 35 mm in the forefoot center.
The overall design of a sock liner according to the present invention should increase contact between the foot and sock liner surface—especially during weight bearing—preferably at or above 75% rate of surface contact between the foot and sock liner. The sock liner also improves pressure re-distribution from peak pressure areas, and spreads the pressure across the entire plantar surface area such that preferably no single location experiences a pressure above 40 psi. In so doing, cushioning and shock absorption protection should prevent stresses above 10 Gs.
In order to reduce such pressures exerted by the shoe against the plantar surface of the foot, the sock liner surface yields and deflects under the foot without a significant increase of hardness and stiffness of the sock liner, which could create discomfort. Such deflection can also increase foot stimulation through more utilization of bones, tendons, muscles during foot-strike. The deflection can also promote a wearer's natural gait/foot-strike during walking, by straightening the wearer's center of force trajectory during foot-strike. Further, a flexibility improvement may be realized where less foot force is required to bend a shoe across the foot's flex area. Preferably below about 5 pounds of force is required to bend flex the shoe at such flex areas.
The sock liners may be removable, and as noted above, either polyurethane or EVA materials may be utilized (both as 100% standalone sock liners, i.e., not combined). Alternatively, non-removable sock liner foot beds may be utilized in an open sandal or other type of shoe. Alternative embodiments may utilize: “gel” as either a shock absorber or comfort element on the sock liner; the addition of flex grooves on the bottom of the sock liner; a visible sock liner, either through a window of the upper or midsole; multiple foam types in one sock liner unit; a sockliner made via injection molding, compression molding, open-pouring or die-cut/cementing; a closed shoe with a non-removable sock liner; additives to provide anti-microbial, anti-hydrolysis, and/or anti-UV enhancements and/or to strengthen the cell structure; a sock liner which can be combined with an insole layer (above or below) to reduce thickness/weight and/or can be designed as a “midsole” unit that is dropped into a unit sole or laminated with an outsole layer in a stitch-out construction.
These and other objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent to those skilled in the art after considering the following detailed specification taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
It should be understood that the present drawings are not necessarily to scale and that the present embodiments are sometimes illustrated by graphic symbols, phantom lines, diagrammatic representations and fragmentary views. In certain instances, details which are not necessary for an understanding of the present invention or which render other details difficult to perceive may have been omitted. It should also be understood that the present invention is not necessarily limited to the particular embodiments illustrated herein. Like numbers utilized throughout the various Figures designate like or similar parts or structure.
DETAILED DESCRIPTIONIn the present invention, a sock liner is provided which improves comfort and can be built into any type of shoe. As shown in
For ease of reference herein, the foot of a human may be considered to have three regions: the forefoot region (area adjacent the toes), the midfoot region (area adjacent the arch), and the hind foot region (area adjacent the heel). As shown in
The midfoot region 14 of sock liner 10 is raised to underlie the medial arch of the wearer's foot, while the hind foot region 12 is cupped to underlie the heel of the wearer's foot. The hind foot region 12 is defined by the peripheral edges 13 formed around the hind foot region 12 from the medial side to the lateral side of the heel. The peripheral edge 13 in the hind foot region 12 forms a raised portion where it wraps around the heel of the wearer's foot. The forefoot region 16 includes a radiused forepart and a beveled toe area. The anatomically shaped and formed sock liner is thereby designed to reflect the natural shapes of the human foot. The shaped plantar surface topography maximizes surface contact with the wearer's foot and increases comfort.
The sock liner material specifications and thicknesses are engineered or “tuned” to have a high amount of deflection when compressed without getting “stiff.” In order to “tune” the sock liner 10 material dimensions, design and specifications are engineered through an analysis of: a) the desired deflection ranges, which are generally between 40-70% of the overall thickness of the sock liner and preferably about 25% while standing and about 50% while running or walking; b) the target loading ranges being designed for active wearing occasions, which are generally between 30-70 pounds, depending on gender and/or foot size; c) the physical properties of the materials to be used (as specified below); d) the desired pressure range targets for various plantar areas of the foot, which are generally below 40 pounds per square inch; and e) anatomical shapes that create additional surface contact with the foot.
An exemplary chart of the relationship between pressures exerted on the sock liner 10 as compared to the deflection of the sock liner 10 is shown in
Preferably, materials for the sock liner 10 may include polyurethane, SEBS foam, EVA, rubber sponge, latex, and/or co-polymer blended foams. The materials preferably have a hardness of between 10 C and 70 C on the Asker C scale, with a material density of between 0.05 g/cc and 0.60 g/cc. The thickness of the sock liner 10 (measured at the center of the heel 12 and center of the forefoot 16—not wall heights) varies by shoe design. However, the thickness generally ranges from 5 mm to 50 mm at the heel center 12, and from 3 mm to 35 mm in the forefoot center 16.
The overall design of a sock liner 10 according to the present invention should increase contact between the foot and sock liner 10—especially during weight bearing—preferably at or above 75% rate of surface contact between the foot and sock liner 10. The sock liner 10 also improves pressure re-distribution from peak pressure areas, and spreads the pressure across the entire plantar surface area such that preferably no single location experiences a pressure above 40 psi. In so doing, cushioning and shock absorption protection should prevent stresses above 10 Gs. This can be seen in
The sock liners 10 may be removable, and as noted above, or they may be formed from polyurethane or EVA materials (both as 100% standalone sock liners, i.e., not combined). Alternatively, non-removable sock liner 10 foot beds may be utilized in an open sandal or other type of shoe. Alternative embodiments may utilize: “gel” as either a shock absorber or comfort element on the sock liner 10; the addition of flex grooves on the bottom of the sock liner 10; a visible sock liner 10, either through a window of the upper or outsole 20; multiple foam types in one sock liner unit 10; a sock liner 10 made via injection molding, compression molding, open-pouring or die-cut/cementing; a closed shoe with a non-removable sock liner 10; additives to provide anti-microbial, anti-hydrolysis, and/or anti-UV enhancements and/or to strengthen the cell structure; or a sock liner 10 which can be combined with an insole layer (above or below) to reduce thickness/weight and/or can be designed as a “midsole” unit that is dropped into a unit sole or laminated with an outsole layer in a stitch-out construction.
Further, the overall dimensions of the present sockliner 10 and outsole 20 as well as the specific shape and configuration of the various sections thereof are also subject to wide variations and may be sized and shaped into a wide variety of different sizes and configurations so as to be compatible with the size and shape of the particular footwear onto which the present structures may be mounted, or to conform with any space limitations associated therewith out impairing the teachings and practice of the present invention.
It is also understood that various modifications may be made to all of the various embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Thus, there has been shown and described several embodiments of an anatomical sock liner system. As is evident from the foregoing description, certain aspects of the present invention are not limited by the particular details of the examples illustrated herein, and it is therefore contemplated that other modifications and applications, or equivalents thereof, will occur to those skilled in the art. The terms “having” and “including” and similar terms as used in the foregoing specification are used in the sense of “optional” or “may include” and not as “required”. Many changes, modifications, variations and other uses and applications of the present invention will, however, become apparent to those skilled in the art after considering the specification and the accompanying drawings. All such changes, modifications, variations and other uses and applications which do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention are deemed to be covered by the invention which is limited only by the claims which follow.
Claims
1. A shoe sole construction comprising:
- an outsole;
- a sockliner having an anatomical shape which creates at least about a 75% contact rate between a wearer's foot and a top surface of the sockliner during weight bearing of the wearer's foot by the sockliner, the sockliner comprised of a material having a hardness between about 10 C and 70 C on the Asker C scale, having a material density of between about 0.05 g/cc and 0.60 g/cc, and having a thickness of between about 5 mm and 50 mm at the heel center and between about 3 mm to 35 mm at the forefoot center, where the anatomical shape and material composition of the sockliner cause it to deflect by about 25% at about 25 psi and by about 50% at about 70 psi;
- wherein a top surface of the outsole is sized and shaped to receive and conform to a bottom surface of the sockliner.
2. The shoe sole of claim 1 wherein the sockliner is comprised of one of: polyurethane, SEBS foam, EVA, rubber sponge, latex and/or a co-polymer blended foam.
3. The shoe sole of claim 1 wherein the deflection of the sockliner is about 25% during weight bearing when a wearer is standing thereon.
4. The shoe sole of claim 1 wherein the deflection of the sockliner is about 50% during weight bearing when a wearer is running.
5. The shoe sole of claim 1 wherein the outsole includes a midsole.
6. The shoe sole of claim 1 wherein sockliner includes a midsole.
7. The shoe sole of claim 1 wherein the sockliner is raised at the midfoot region to underlie the medial arch of the wearer's foot.
8. The shoe sole of claim 1 wherein the sockliner is cupped at the hind foot region to underlie a wearer's heel.
9. The shoe sole of claim 8 wherein peripheral edges of the sockliner are raised at the hind foot region from a medial side to a lateral side of the sockliner to wrap around a wearer's heel.
10. The shoe sole of claim 1 wherein the sockliner includes a radiused forepart region and a beveled toe area at the forefoot region.
11. The shoe of claim 1 wherein the outsole is comprised by at least one of: leather, elastomer, and polymer.
12. The shoe sole of claim 1 wherein the sockliner yields a target threshold pressure of 40 psi or below.
Type: Application
Filed: May 24, 2012
Publication Date: Dec 20, 2012
Applicant: BROWN SHOE COMPANY, INC. (St. Louis, MO)
Inventor: David L. Vattes (University City, MO)
Application Number: 13/480,447
International Classification: A43B 13/12 (20060101);