SYSTEM AND METHOD TO IMPROVE PERFORMANCE OF A COMPRESSOR DEVICE COMPRISING VARIABLE DIFFUSER VANES
Embodiments of a system and method can modify the position of diffuser vanes to improve performance of a compressor device, e.g., a centrifugal compressor. These embodiments form a feedback loop to manage the position of the diffuser vanes relative to one or more operating parameters on the compressor device. In one embodiment, the system and method measure input power with the diffuser vanes at a first position and a second position. Changes in the input power will identify other positions for the diffuser vanes that optimize performance of the compressor device, e.g., to reduce power consumption and to achieve and maintain peak compressor efficiency within the entire operating envelope of the compressor device.
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The subject matter disclosed herein relates to compressor devices (e.g., centrifugal compressors) and, in particular, to diffusers and diffuser vanes for a compressor device.
Compressor devices (e.g., centrifugal compressors) use a diffuser assembly to convert kinetic energy of a working fluid into static pressure by slowing the velocity of the working fluid through an expanding volume region. An example of the diffuser assembly utilizes several diffuser vanes in circumferential arrangement about an impeller. The design (e.g., shapes and sizes) of the diffuser vanes, in combination with the orientation of the leading edge and the trailing edge of the diffuser vanes with respect to the flow of the working fluid, often determine how the diffuser vanes affix within the diffuser assembly.
To add further improvement and flexibility to the design, some examples of the diffuser assembly incorporate variable diffuser vanes. These types of diffuser vanes can move to change the orientation of the leading edge and the trailing edge. This feature helps to tune operation of the compressor device. Known designs for variable diffuser vanes rotate about an axis that resides in the lower half of the diffuser vanes, i.e., closer to the leading edge than the trailing edge.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTIONThis disclosure presents embodiments of systems and methods that can modify orientation of variable diffuser vanes to improve performance of a compressor device, e.g., a centrifugal compressor. These embodiments form a control feedback loop to manage the position of the diffuser vanes relative to one or more operating parameters on the compressor device. In one embodiment, the system utilizes a controller to collect data about operating parameter(s) for the diffuser vanes in a first position and a second position. The controller can compare data to identify the change, if any, that occurs in the operating parameter when the diffuser vanes move between the first position and the second position. In one embodiment, changes in the operating parameter can cause the controller to generate an output to move the diffuser vane to a third position. The controller can collect data about the operating parameter(s) at this third position and, subsequently, use this data to determine to effect the new position of the diffuser vanes has on the operating parameter. This process can continue to optimize performance of the compressor device, e.g., to reduce power consumption and to achieve and maintain peak compressor efficiency within the entire operating envelope for the compressor device.
Reference is now made briefly to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Where applicable like reference characters designate identical or corresponding components and units throughout the several views, which are not to scale unless otherwise indicated.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTIONBroadly, the discussion below focuses on embodiments of systems and methods to manage the position of diffuser vanes in a compressor device, e.g., a centrifugal compressor. These embodiments offer a robust and automated approach to tune operation of the compressor device. In one aspect, these embodiments can manipulate the position of the diffuser vanes to reduce power consumption of the compressor device. This feature can help to achieve and maintain peak efficiency within the entire operating envelope of the compressor device.
During operation, the drive unit 108 rotates the impeller 110 to draw a working fluid (e.g., air) into the inlet 102. The impeller 110 compresses the working fluid. The compressed working fluid flows into the diffuser assembly 112, past the diffuser vanes 114, and through the remaining portion of the volute 104. In one embodiment, the compressor device 100 couples with industrial piping at the outlet 106 to expel the working fluid under pressure and/or with certain designated flow parameters as desired. For example, the compressor device 100 finds use in a variety of settings and industries including automotive industries, electronics industries, aerospace industries, oil and gas industries, power generation industries, petrochemical industries, and the like.
Examples of the controller 120 include computers and computing devices with processors and memory that can store and execute certain executable instructions, software programs, and the like. The controller 120 can be a separate unit, e.g., part of a control unit that operates the compressor device 100 and other equipment. In other examples, the controller 120 integrates with the compressor device 100, e.g., as part of the hardware and/or software that operates the drive unit 108 and/or the actuator 116. In still other examples, the controller 120 can be located remote from the compressor device 100, e.g., in a separate location. The controller 120 can issue commands and instructions using wireless and wired communication, e.g., via the network 124.
The parameter sensor 122 monitors one or more operating parameters of the compressor device 100. Examples of these operating parameters include flow parameters (e.g., flow rate, flow velocity, static pressure, head pressure, etc.) and mechanical parameters (e.g., input power, current, voltage, torque, etc.), among others. The parameter sensor 122 can comprise one or more sensor devices that are sensitive to the operating parameters. These sensor devices can embody flow meters, pressure transducers, accelerometers, and like components. Such devices generate signals (e.g., analog and digital signals), which encode a measured value for the corresponding operating parameter that the device is configured to measure.
The parameter sensor 122 may also couple with a shaft or other mechanism that transfers energy from the drive unit 108 to the impeller 110. When in this position, the parameter sensor 122 can measure several parameters (e.g., torque, angular velocity, etc.) that define the operation of the drive unit 108 and/or the compressor device 102 in general. Other positions for the parameter sensor 122 include proximate the interior of the volute 104, proximate the outlet 106, proximate the diffuser assembly (e.g., diffuser assembly 112 of
Embodiments of the system 118 can include a plurality of sensor devices (e.g., parameter sensor 122) that measure different operating parameters. For example, the system 118 may deploy a flow meter upstream of the diffuser vanes 114, a pressure sensor proximate the outlet 106, and/or circuitry to monitor the amount of power the drive unit 108 uses during operation of the compressor device 100. The sensor devices provide signals to the controller 120. These signals transmit and/or encode data and information about the operation of the compressor device 100. The controller 120 can process the signals from the sensor devices to generate the outputs. These outputs can encode instructions for operation of one or more components to configure the compressor device 100. As set forth more below, the outputs can encode instructions to change the position of the diffuser vanes 114, e.g., to instruct operation of the actuator 116 to change the orientation and/or position of one or more of the diffuser vanes 114. These instructions may, for example, cause the actuator 116 to move, which, in turn, moves (e.g., rotates) the diffuser vanes 114 through an angular offset from the first position to the second position.
Collectively, one or more of the steps of the method 200 can be coded as one or more executable instructions (e.g., hardware, firmware, software, software programs, etc.). These executable instructions can be part of a computer-implemented method and/or program, which can be executed by a processor and/or processing device. Examples of the controller 120 (
The steps for receiving a first signal (e.g., at step 202) and a second signal (e.g., a step 204) occur at different positions of the diffuser vanes 114 (
The diffuser vane 300 has a vane body 306 with a leading edge 308 and a trailing edge 310. The diffuser vane 300 rotates about a rotation axis 312 to permit changes in the position of the trailing edge 310 relative to, in one example, the leading edge 308. This disclosure also contemplates construction of the diffuser vane 300 that would allow both the leading edge 308 and the trailing edge 310 to move about the rotation axis 312. For example, the rotation axis 312 can be positioned at various locations along the vane body 306, e.g., in locations spaced apart from the leading edge 308 and the trailing edge 310 along a chord length L. The chord length L measures the straight-line distance between the leading edge 308 and the trailing edge 310.
With respect to the configuration of the diffuser vane 300 in
Communication of the first signal and the second signal can occur by way of wireless and/or wired communication, e.g., between the parameter sensor 122 (
The steps for comparing the first value and the second value (e.g., a step 206) identifies the change or variation in operation of the compressor device 100 (
The steps for selecting an increment (e.g., at step 208) provides an incremental change in the position of the diffuser vanes 300. This incremental change is meant to move the diffuser vanes 300 to another position in order to change the performance of the compressor device 100 (
The amount of the angular offset can vary, both between the first angular offset and the second angular offset as well as based on the first value and the second value for the operating parameter. For example, embodiments of the method 200 may include steps for calculating a variation value, which can have a value equal to the mathematical difference between the first value and the second value, and a step for comparing the variation value to a threshold criteria that can define the nominal values for the positional characteristics. In one example, if the variation value satisfies the threshold criteria, then the method 200 may includes steps for assigning values to the increment 316. These values may decrease as the variation value decreases, e.g., as the operation of the compressor device 100 (
The steps for generating an output (e.g., at step 210) can cause the diffuser vane 300 to move, as between the second position 304 and the third position 314. The output can comprise any signal (e.g., analog and/or digital) that can encode instructions to operate a device. In the examples herein, the output can cause the actuator 116 (
In view of the foregoing discussion of the method 200, this disclosure contemplates embodiments in which the method 200 embodies an iterative and/or multi-operational technique to focus and optimize operation, e.g., of the compressor device 100 (
In one embodiment, the controller 400 includes a processor 402, memory 404, and control circuitry 406. Busses 408 couple the components of the controller 400 together to permit the exchange of signals, data, and information from one component of the controller 400 to another. In one example, the control circuitry 406 includes sensor driver circuitry 410 which couples with a parameter sensor 412 (e.g., parameter sensor 122 of
This configuration of components can dictate operation of the controller 400 to analyze data, e.g., information encoded by the signals from parameter sensor 412 and/or drive unit 414, to identify appropriate changes to the diffuser vanes and/or other changes to other operating properties (e.g., motor speed) of the compressor device. For example, the controller 400 can provide signals (or inputs or outputs) to speed up and slow down the drive unit 416, change the diffuser vanes from the first position to the second position, and/or actuate other devices that change the operation of the compressor device (e.g., compressor device 100 of
The controller 400 and its constructive components can communicate amongst themselves and/or with other circuits (and/or devices), which execute high-level logic functions, algorithms, as well as executable instructions (e.g., firmware instructions, software instructions, software programs, etc.). Exemplary circuits of this type include discrete elements such as resistors, transistors, diodes, switches, and capacitors. Examples of the processor 402 include microprocessors and other logic devices such as field programmable gate arrays (“FPGAs”) and application specific integrated circuits (“ASICs”). Although all of the discrete elements, circuits, and devices function individually in a manner that is generally understood by those artisans that have ordinary skill in the electrical arts, it is their combination and integration into functional electrical groups and circuits that generally provide for the concepts that are disclosed and described herein.
The structure of the components in the controller 400 can permit certain determinations as to selected configuration and desired operating characteristics that an end user convey via the graphical user interface or that are retrieved or need to be retrieved by the device. For example, the electrical circuits of the controller 400 can physically manifest theoretical analysis and logical operations and/or can replicate in physical form an algorithm, a comparative analysis, and/or a decisional logic tree, each of which operates to assign the output and/or a value to the output that correctly reflects one or more of the nature, content, and origin of the changes that occur and that are reflected by the inputs to the controller 400 as provided by the corresponding control circuitry, e.g., in the control circuitry 406.
In one embodiment, the processor 402 is a central processing unit (CPU) such as an ASIC and/or an FPGA that is configured to instruct and/or control operation one or more devices. This processor can also include state machine circuitry or other suitable components capable of controlling operation of the components as described herein. The memory 404 includes volatile and non-volatile memory and can store executable instructions in the form of and/or including software (or firmware) instructions and configuration settings. Each of the control circuitry 406 can embody stand-alone devices such as solid-state devices. Examples of these devices can mount to substrates such as printed-circuit boards and semiconductors, which can accommodate various components including the processor 402, the memory 404, and other related circuitry to facilitate operation of the controller 400.
However, although
Moreover, as will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, aspects of the present invention may be embodied as a system, method or computer program product. Accordingly, aspects of the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment (including firmware, resident software, micro-code, etc.) or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects that may all generally be referred to herein as a “circuit,” “module” or “system.” Furthermore, aspects of the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied in one or more computer readable medium(s) having computer readable program code embodied thereon.
Any combination of one or more computer readable medium(s) may be utilized. The computer readable medium may be a computer readable signal medium or a computer readable storage medium. Examples of a computer readable storage medium include an electronic, magnetic, electromagnetic, and/or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer readable storage medium would include the following: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. In the context of this document, a computer readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
A computer readable signal medium may include a propagated data signal with computer readable program code embodied therein, for example, in baseband or as part of a carrier wave. Such a propagated signal may take any of a variety of forms and any suitable combination thereof. A computer readable signal medium may be any computer readable medium that is not a computer readable storage medium and that can communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
Program code embodied on a computer readable medium may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to wireless, wireline, optical fiber cable, RF, etc., or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
Computer program code for carrying out operations for aspects of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language and conventional procedural programming languages. The program code may execute entirely on the user's computer, partly on the user's computer, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computer and partly on a remote computer or entirely on the remote computer or server. In the latter scenario, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or the connection may be made to an external computer (for example, through the Internet using an Internet Service Provider).
Aspects of the present invention are described herein with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer readable medium that can direct a computer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other devices to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer readable medium produce an article of manufacture including instructions which implement the function/act specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other devices to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer, other programmable apparatus or other devices to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide processes for implementing the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks.
Accordingly, a technical effect of embodiments of the systems and methods disclosed herein is to position the diffuser vanes in locations at which, in one example, the compressor device consumes the least amount of power.
As used herein, an element or function recited in the singular and proceeded with the word “a” or “an” should be understood as not excluding plural said elements or functions, unless such exclusion is explicitly recited. Furthermore, references to “one embodiment” of the claimed invention should not be interpreted as excluding the existence of additional embodiments that also incorporate the recited features.
This written description uses examples to disclose the invention, including the best mode, and also to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the invention, including making and using any devices or systems and performing any incorporated methods. The patentable scope of the invention is defined by the claims, and may include other examples that occur to those skilled in the art. Such other examples are intended to be within the scope of the claims if they have structural elements that do not differ from the literal language of the claims, or if they include equivalent structural elements with insubstantial differences from the literal language of the claims.
Claims
1. A system, comprising:
- a compressor device comprising an impeller, a drive unit coupled to the impeller, and a diffuser vane in flow connection with the impeller; and
- a controller coupled to the compressor device, the controller comprising a processor, memory, and executable instructions stored on memory and configured to be executed by the processor, the executable instructions comprising instructions for: receiving a first signal encoding a first value for an operating parameter for the compressor device with the diffuser vane in a first position; receiving a second signal encoding a second value for the operating parameter of the compressor device with the diffuser vane in a second position; comparing the first value and the second value; selecting an increment by which to move the diffuser vane from the second position, the increment defining the relative position of the second value with respect to the first value; and generating an output encoding instructions to move the diffuser vane from the second position by the increment.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the operating parameter comprises an input power value for the drive unit.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the operating parameter comprises a power transmission value that measures torque applied to the impeller by the drive unit.
4. The system of claim 3, further comprising a torque coupling secured to at least one of the impeller and the drive unit, wherein the first signal and the second signal encode data collected by the torque coupling.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein the operating parameter comprises a head pressure for the compressor device.
6. The system of claim 5, further comprising a pressure sensor disposed proximate an output of the compressor device, wherein the first signal and the second signal respecting data collected by the pressure sensor.
7. The system of claim 1, further comprising instructions for determining an inlet flow value upstream of the diffuser vane and setting the first position to correspond with the inlet flow value.
8. The system of claim 5, further comprising a flow meter disposed upstream of the diffuser vane, the flow meter providing a third signal that encodes the inlet flow value.
9. The system of claim 1, wherein the increment changes the position of the diffuser vane in a first direction if the second value is larger than the first value, wherein the increment changes the position of the diffuser vane in a second direction if the second value is smaller than the first value, and wherein the first direction is different from the second direction.
10. The system of claim 1, further comprising comparing the second value to a threshold criteria, wherein the threshold criteria defines a maximum value for the operating parameter and a minimum value for the operating parameter, and wherein the increment changes the position of the diffuser vane if the second value is equal to or greater than the maximum value and equal to or less than the minimum value.
11. The system of claim 1, further comprising an actuator coupled to the diffuser vanes, wherein the actuator moves the diffuser vane in response to the output from the controller.
12. The system of claim 11, wherein the increment defines an angular offset of the diffuser vane from the second position.
13. A compressor device, comprising:
- a drive unit;
- an impeller coupled to the drive unit;
- a diffuser assembly in flow connection with the impeller, the diffuser assembly comprising an actuator and a diffuser vane coupled to the actuator; and
- a controller coupled with the actuator, the controller comprising a processor, memory, and executable instructions stored on memory and configured to be executed by the processor, the executable instructions comprising instructions for: receiving a first signal encoding a first value for an operating parameter for the compressor device with the diffuser vane in a first position; receiving a second signal encoding a second value for the operating parameter of the compressor device with the diffuser vane in a second position; comparing the first value and the second value; selecting an increment by which to move the diffuser vane from the second position, the increment defining the relative position of the second value with respect to the first value; and generating an output encoding instructions to move the diffuser vane from the second position by the increment.
14. The compressor device of claim 13, further comprising a parameter sensor coupled with the controller, wherein the parameter sensor is in position to measure the operating parameter, and wherein the parameter sensor generates the first signal and the second signal.
15. The compressor device of claim 14, wherein the parameter sensor comprises a flow meter upstream of the impeller.
16. The compressor device of claim 14, wherein the parameter sensor measures input voltage on the drive unit.
17. The compressor device of claim 14, wherein the parameter sensor comprises a torque meter coupled the impeller.
18. The compressor device of claim 13, wherein the diffuser vane has a rotation axis about which the trailing edge rotates about the leading edge when moving from the first position and the second position.
19. A controller for controlling operation of a compressor device, the compressor device having a diffuser vane with a first position and a second position that is different from the first position, said controller comprising:
- a processor;
- memory; and
- executable instructions stored on memory and configured to be executed by the processor, the executable instructions comprising instructions for: receiving a first signal encoding a first value for an operating parameter for the compressor device with the diffuser vane in a first position; receiving a second signal encoding a second value for the operating parameter of the compressor device with the diffuser vane in a second position; comparing the first value and the second value; selecting an increment by which to move the diffuser vane from the second position, the increment defining the relative position of the second value with respect to the first value; generating an output encoding instructions to move the diffuser vane from the second position by the increment.
20. The controller of claim 19, operating parameter comprises an input power value for the drive unit.
21. A computer program product for improving efficiency of a compressor device, the computer program product comprising a computer readable storage medium having executable instructions embodied therein, wherein the executable instructions comprise one or more executable instructions for:
- receiving a first signal encoding a first value for an operating parameter for the compressor device with the diffuser vane in a first position;
- receiving a second signal encoding a second value for the operating parameter of the compressor device with the diffuser vane in a second position;
- comparing the first value and the second value;
- selecting an increment by which to move the diffuser vane from the second position, the increment defining the relative position of the second value with respect to the first value;
- generating an output encoding instructions to move the diffuser vane from the second position by the increment.
Type: Application
Filed: Aug 31, 2012
Publication Date: Mar 6, 2014
Applicant: Dresser, Inc. (Addison, TX)
Inventors: Dale Eugene Husted (Centerville, IN), Timothy Daniel Hilgart (Cedarburg, WI)
Application Number: 13/601,713
International Classification: F01D 17/20 (20060101); F01D 9/04 (20060101);