FLOATING DOCK SYSTEM AND DOCK MODULE THEREFOR
A dock system is formed from a plurality of interconnected dock modules, with adjacent dock modules connected together by means of at least one coupler. The coupler has a connector having a first end, a second end, and a middle portion which is flexible, compressible, and tensionable. Each dock module is formed from a buoyant float comprised of a plurality of buoyant float members, a decking support, decking mounted to the decking support to form a tread surface for the dock module, and a decking support connector extending between the decking support and the float to secure the decking support to the float. The decking support is formed from a frame made from frame members, at least one first cross member extending across one dimension of said float, and at least one second cross member extending across a second dimension of said float.
This application claims priority to U.S. App. No. 61/748,589 filed Jan. 3, 2013.
STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENTNot Applicable.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIONThis disclosure relates to floating dock systems, and, in particular, a floating dock system in which dock modules for the system are comprised of a plurality of float members which, in combination, define a float over which decking members can be placed.
Numerous types of floating dock systems have been developed over the years. One illustrative, and commercially popular, floating dock system is made and sold by E-Z-Dock, Inc., of Monett, Mo. under the name EZ DOCK®. The basic floatation or dock member is a monolithic 4′×8′ section, which is described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,281,055, which is incorporated herein by reference. A plurality of these dock members can be assembled together using connectors to form walkways, piers, etc. of a dock system. Various ramps/gangways, watercraft lifts, and accessories can be secured to the basic dock member to form complete a dock system. Such a dock system can be as small as a private pier, and as large as a commercial marina.
The dock system described in the U.S. Pat. No. 5,281,055 patent provides for a significant amount of flexibility in designing dock systems. However, the system can be improved upon to, for example, provide greater flexibility in the type of decking surface used with a dock system, and to provide for the ability to replace decking sections should portions of the decking become damaged or worn. Further, it would be desirable to produce a floating dock system which has a reduced area of contact with the water.
SUMMARYBriefly stated, a dock system is made from a plurality of connected dock modules.
In accordance with one aspect of the invention, the dock modules comprise a buoyant float comprised of a plurality of buoyant float members, a decking support secured to the float by a decking support connector, and decking secured to the decking support to form a tread surface for the dock module. Each float member comprises an upper surface, a bottom surface and at least one wall surface; at least one connector socket formed in said at least one wall. The decking support is comprised of a frame made of frame members, with at least one first cross member extending across one dimension of the float, and at least one second cross member extending across a second dimension of said float. The decking connector extending between the decking support and the float to secure the decking support to the float.
The decking support connector comprises a strap assembly. The strap assembly comprises an upper member, a lower member, and a strap extending between the upper and lower members. The upper and lower members each comprising an attachment member shaped, sized, and adapted to be received in a receptacle in the decking support and float member, respectively. The strap can be an elastic strap. Alternatively, the strap can be a metal (i.e., aluminum) strap which is tightened by means of a tensioning mechanism.
The decking support can comprise an upwardly opening channel which receives an attachment member of the strap assembly. In this instance, the upper member of the strap assembly comprises a hook portion sized and shaped to engage the channel of the frame member.
The lower member of the strap assembly lower member can comprise a plate having a main portion and a neck portion. The float, in turn, comprises a receptacle on a bottom surface thereof which has a first portion and a neck portion extending from the first portion to the wall of the float. The lower member plate and the float member receptacle are shaped complementarily to each other.
The frame member of the decking support comprises a frame body having an upper surface, a lower surface, an outer surface, and an inner surface. When in place, the frame member lower surface is supported by said upper surface of said float member. The frame member further comprises a flange extending inwardly from the inner surface of the frame member body. This flange is spaced above the lower surface of the body and the first cross member is positioned between the flange and the upper surface of the float. The second cross member is positioned on top of the first cross member.
The decking support frame member can further comprise a decking support flange extending inwardly from the frame inner surface below the frame member upper surface. The decking rests on one of the first and second cross members and has an edge resting on the decking support flange of the frame member. The decking support flange is spaced from the upper surface of the frame member body a distance substantially equal to the height of the decking, such that a top surface of the decking will be generally level with the top surface of the frame member.
In accordance with another aspect of the invention, a dock system is comprised of a plurality of interconnected dock modules which are connected together by at least one coupler. Each the dock module having a connector receptacle and the connector receptacles of adjacent dock modules are aligned with each other. The coupler comprises a connector having first and second ends which are shaped complementarily to the dock module receptacles so that they can be received in the receptacles. The connector further including a middle portion extending between the first and second ends of the connector. This middle portion is sized and shaped to space adjacent dock modules apart from each other a determined distance. The middle portion of the connector is capable of withstanding torsional, tensile and compressive forces.
In accordance with one aspect of the connector, the connector can include a first neck portion extending between the first end and the middle portion and a second neck portion extending between the second end and the middle portion. In this instance, the middle portion is enlarged relative to the neck portions and the adjacent dock modules are separated from each other a distance at least the length of the connector middle portion. The connector middle portion can define a hollow. If the connector middle portion defines a hollow, the middle portion of the connector can be generally annular. The coupler can be comprised of a material that includes fibers, and the fibers can include glass fibers, plastic fibers, or carbon fibers.
In accordance with another aspect of the connector, the each connector comprises an upper connector member and a lower connector member with two tie rods extending between the upper and lower connector members; the tie rods being positioned between the middle portion and the opposite end portions of each connector member. The dock modules can each include a channel in a wall thereof, and the tie rods can be positioned on the connector members to be received in the channel.
In accordance with an aspect of the dock system, the decking support of the dock modules can comprise an edge cross-member positioned at an edge of each the dock module, wherein the edge cross-members of adjacent dock modules are joined together by at least one fastener. Preferably, a resilient bushing is positioned on the fastener between the edge cross-members of the adjacent dock modules. Additional outer bushings can be positioned at opposite ends of the fastener.
Corresponding reference numerals will be used throughout the several figures of the drawings.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTIONThe following detailed description illustrates the claimed invention by way of example and not by way of limitation. This description will clearly enable one skilled in the art to make and use the claimed invention, and describes several embodiments, adaptations, variations, alternatives and uses of the claimed invention, including what we presently believe to be the best mode of carrying out the claimed invention. Additionally, it is to be understood that the claimed invention is not limited in its application to the details of construction and the arrangements of components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the drawings. The claimed invention is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced or being carried out in various ways. Also, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology used herein is for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting.
A dock system 10 is comprised of one or more dock modules 12. A single dock module 12 is shown in
The dock module (which forms the building unit of the dock system) comprises a float 14, decking 16, and a decking support 18. The dock module of
The float 14 is formed from a plurality of buoyant float members 20 connected by coupler assemblies 22. The float members 20 are preferably hollow, and can be formed from a plastic, for example, by rotational molding. If desired, the float members 20 can be filled with foam or with floatation enhancing devices such as discreet air filled members, as is disclosed, for example, in co-owned U.S. Pat. No. 7,243,608, which is incorporated herein by reference. The coupler assemblies 22 illustratively comprise the connectors shown and described in the above-noted U.S. Pat. No. 5,281,055, and the description of the coupler assemblies is incorporated herein by reference. Briefly, that coupler assembly each comprises an upper connector, a lower connector, and a single tie rod or bolt extending between the connectors. The connectors each have opposed enlarged ends connected by a narrower neck section. The float members 20 can be connected using any desired type of connector.
The float members from which the float 14, as shown in
The float members 20 can be connected together to form floats that have less open area. For example, the float in
The float members 20 can be connected together in different manners. For example, the float members can be connected together such that the float members 20c (which form the elongate side of the float) are connected to the end faces of the float members 20a. This would form a float that is wider (such a float would be about 10½′ wide using the dimensions noted above). For example,
Turning to
The float member 20 further includes a plurality of upper and lower sockets 36a,b, each pair of upper and lower sockets connected by a channel 38. The sockets essentially define an oval, with an opening to an end or side wall of the float member. The sockets 36a,b are sized and shaped to receive the upper and lower connectors 22. To this end, the sockets 36a,b each include an enlarged sections 37a which opens to the end or side surface via a narrower neck portion 37b. The channels 38 extend along the end and side surfaces between the neck portions 37b of a pair of upper and lower sockets. The channel 38 receives a rod which extends between, and connects, the upper and lower connectors. In fact, the channels 38 of adjacent float members are aligned to form a passageway through which the bolt or tie rod of the coupler extends. The upper and lower connectors, as shown in U.S. Pat. No. 5,281,055 are generally dumbbell or dog-bone shaped. As can be seen, the connectors and the sockets are shaped complementarily to each other, and the respective shapes of the connector and socket will prevent two connected float members from separating. As can be appreciated, the shape of the connector can be changed, or other types of couplers can be used. For example, the coupler can be one such as shown and described in U.S. Pat. No. 7,243,608, U.S. application Ser. No. 13/932,911 filed Jul. 1, 2013, or U.S. Pub. No. 2013/0152844, all of which are incorporated herein by reference. The use of differently shaped couplers would require alterations in the configuration of the sockets 36a,b.
The decking support 18 rests on, and is secured to, the float 12. The decking support 18 comprises a peripheral frame 40 defined by frame members 42, there being one frame member 42 positioned along each upper outer edge of the float 12. A plurality of spaced apart, generally parallel, trusses 44 extend across one dimension (illustratively the width) of the float 12 and a plurality of spaced apart, generally parallel, braces 46 extend perpendicularly to the trusses (and illustratively extend the length of the float 12). The braces and trusses are illustratively shown to be formed from square stock, but could be formed from stock of any desired shape. Corner members 48 are positioned at the corners of the float 14 where the frame members join together. Additionally, rub rails 50 extend the length of the walls of the float 12 between the corner members. The corner members and rub rails substantially hide the outer surface of the frame member 42.
The frame member 42 is shown in greater detail in
An L-shaped flange or spacer 66 extends along the inner surface 58 of the body at the top of the frame member body 52. This flange 66 has a generally horizontal portion 66a and a generally vertical portion 66b. The generally horizontal portion 66a of the flange 66 is essentially a continuation of the body top surface 54. The generally vertical portion 66b extends downwardly spaced from the body inner surface 58. The flange 66 thus defines a downwardly opening channel 68.
A top channel 70 is formed in the body upper surface 54. This top channel 70 comprises a main portion 70a, which is shown to be generally rectangular, and a smaller access portion 70b. Thus, the channel 70 has the general shape of an upside down T.
An upper side channel 72 is formed in the outer surface 60 of the body. This outer channel is also generally T-shaped, having a stem portion 72a extending inwardly from the surface to a main portion 72b. The stem portion 72a of the channel 72 is shown to be relatively wide (that is, the stem portion has a height greater than 50% of the overall height of the channel 72.
A lower, generally vertical, flange 74 extends downwardly from the bottom of the frame member body. The junction between the flange 74 and the lower surface 56 of the frame member body is generally concavely curved to define a smooth transition between the flower flange 74 and the body bottom surface 56. As seen, the lower flange is a continuation of the body outer surface 60. A spacer 76 extends inwardly slightly above the bottom of the flange 74. The spacer 76 is below, and generally parallel to, the body bottom surface 56. A generally J-shaped portion 78 extends from the end of the spacer 76. The J-shaped portion 78 comprises a back stem 78a, a bottom 78b, and a front 78c. The bottom 78b of the J-shaped portion 78 is below and generally parallel to the spacer 76. The front 78c extends upwardly from the bottom 78b towards the flange 74. The front 78c of the J-shaped portion is co-planar with the flange 74. The upper surface of the front 78c is spaced from the bottom surface of the flange 74. Thus, as seen, the J-shaped portion 78, the spacer 76 and the flange 74, in combination, define a lower side channel 80. This lower channel 80 opens outwardly (i.e., in the same direction as the upper channel 72) and is generally T-shaped like the channels 72 and 70. Finally, the portion of the stem 78a of the J-shaped portion which extends above the spacer 76, in combination with the spacer 76 and the flange 74, defines an upwardly opening back channel 82.
As noted above, the decking support 18 comprises the frame members 42, the trusses 44, and the braces 46. As seen in
The braces 46, as best seen in
The elements of the decking support 18 (i.e., the frame members 42, the trusses 46 and the braces 48) are fixed together in any convenient manner, such as by welding, riveting, etc. Alternatively, the braces and trusses can be configured to interlock with each other. As seen in
As seen in
Examples of the decking sections are shown in
The decking support 18 is secured to the float by means of a plurality of strap assemblies 90. The strap assemblies 90 (shown best in
As seen in
The exterior of the frame members 42 is covered with the rub rail 50, and the corners where adjacent frame members are connected or joined are covered with corner members 48. Turning to
The rub rail 50 (
Turning to
Adjacent dock modules are connected by joining the floats 14a,b of adjacent dock modules 12a,b and joining the decking supports 18 of the adjacent dock modules. As best seen in
Turning to
The upper and lower connectors 152a,b are made from a material which will allow the upper and lower connectors to withstand torsional, tensile and compressive forces. For example, they can be made from a rubber or a thermosetting resin. To increase the tensile strength of the connectors, a fiber, such as a nylon fiber, a carbon fiber, or a glass fiber, for example, can be included in the material from which the connectors are made. The ability of the connectors 152a,b to withstand torsional forces will allow the center section will flex or bend slightly, and hence, allow the two adjacent dock sections to pivot slightly relative to each other (for example, from wave action). The ability to withstand tensile stresses will better enable the connectors to withstand forces, for example from storms) which might try to separate adjacent dock modules. Finally, the ability to withstand compressive forces will allow the dock system 10 to absorb impacts, for example, from docking boats. The coupler 150 is designed to be a sacrificial coupler, and will break if compressive, torsional or tensile loads exceeds loads predetermined amounts, namely, the ultimate compressive, torsional and tensile strength of the float members 20 which form the floats 14 (and thus the dock modules 12). Thus, for example, is the dock system is subject to tensile forces which exceed the tensile strength of the float member 20, the coupler will break, and it will break at the center section 160. Similarly, if the compressive or torsional forces to which the dock system (and hence the coupler) is exposed exceeds the compressive or torsional strength of the float module, the coupler will break, and it will break at the center section.
Turning to
As can be seen in the drawings, there is as small gap between adjacent dock modules. However, this gap will be closed on the tread surface (i.e., decking) by the decking itself or by a piece of decking filler, which will fill in the gap.
The dock module 12, as described above, can be easily constructed, and the formed dock modules can be easily formed into a dock system. The dock module provides for a large degree of freedom and latitude in designing dock systems. Further, the various components of the dock module can be replaced fairly easily should they become marred or damaged without the need to disassembly the complete dock system or even the individual dock module.
As various changes could be made in the above constructions without departing from the scope of the invention, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense. For example, although the dock modules are shown to be formed from float members that are all identical in shape and size, the dock module could be formed from float members of two or more sizes to facilitate forming wider and/or longer dock modules, or even dock modules that have a shape other than quadrilateral. If different couplers 22, 150 are used to connect float members and dock modules, the float members may need separate upper and lower receptacles for the hook members of the strap assemblies 90 which hold the deck support 18 to the float 12. The strap assembly 90 could be formed in other ways. For example, the upper member 94a could include a projection which would then be received in an opening in the frame member 42, or a slot in the U-channel 98. A similar projection could be formed in the lower member 94b which would be received in a slot (such as a T-slot) in the float member 14. The strap 92 need not be elastic. However, in this instance, there would preferably be some type of tightening mechanism, to tighten the strap 92. Although the float members 20 are shown to be connected by couplers 22 to for the float assembly 14, float members 20 could be connected using the coupler 150 (
Claims
1. A dock module for a dock system, the dock module comprising:
- a buoyant float comprised of a plurality of buoyant float members; each float member comprising an upper surface, a bottom surface and at least one wall surface; at least one connector socket formed in said at least one wall;
- a decking support comprised of a frame comprised of frame members, at least one first cross member extending across one dimension of said float, and at least one second cross member extending across a second dimension of said float;
- decking mounted to the decking support to form a tread surface for the dock module; and
- a decking support connector extending between the decking support and the float to secure the decking support to the float.
2. The dock module of claim 1 wherein the decking support connector comprises a strap assembly, the strap assembly comprising an upper member, a lower member, and a strap extending between the upper and lower members; the upper and lower members each comprising an attachment member shaped, sized, and adapted to be received in a receptacle in the decking support and float member, respectively.
3. The dock module of claim 2 wherein said strap is elastic.
4. The dock module of claim 2 wherein said frame of said decking support comprise an upwardly opening channel; said attachment member of said strap assembly upper member comprising a hook portion sized and shaped to engage said channel of said frame member.
5. The dock module of claim 2 wherein said attachment member of said strap assembly lower member comprises a plate having a main portion and a neck portion; said float comprising a receptacle on a bottom surface of said float member; said receptacle having a first portion and a neck portion extending from said first portion to said wall of said float; said lower member plate and said float member receptacle being shaped complementarily to each other.
6. The dock module of claim 1 wherein said frame member comprises a frame body having an upper surface, a lower surface, an outer surface, and an inner surface; said frame member lower surface being supported by said upper surface of said float member.
7. The dock module of claim 6 wherein said frame member comprises a flange extending inwardly from said inner surface of the frame member body; said flange being spaced above the lower surface of said body; said first cross member being positioned between said flange and said upper surface of said float; said second cross member being positioned on top of said first cross member.
8. The dock module of claim 6 wherein said frame member comprises a decking support flange extending inwardly from said frame inner surface below said frame member upper surface; said decking resting on one of said first and second cross members and having an edge resting on said decking support flange of said frame member.
9. The dock module of claim 8 wherein said decking support flange is spaced from said upper surface of said frame member body a distance substantially equal to the height of said decking, such that a top surface of said decking will be generally level with the top surface of said frame member.
10. A dock system comprised of a plurality of interconnected dock modules; adjacent dock modules of said dock system being connected together by at least one coupler; each said dock module having a connector receptacle; the connector receptacles of adjacent dock modules being aligned with each other; said coupler comprising a connector having a first end and a second end; said first and second ends being shaped complementarily to said dock module receptacles to be received in said receptacles; said connector further including a middle portion extending between said first and second ends of said connector; said middle portion of said connector being capable of withstanding torsional, tensile and compressive forces.
11. The dock system of claim 10 wherein said connector includes a first neck portion extending between said first end and said middle portion and a second neck portion extending between said second end and said middle portion; said middle portion being enlarged relative to said neck portions; said adjacent dock modules being separated from each other a distance at least the length of said connector middle portion.
12. The dock system of claim 10 wherein said connector middle portion defines a hollow.
13. The dock system of claim 12 wherein the middle portion of the connector is generally annular.
14. The dock system of claim 10 wherein each connector is an upper connector member; said coupler further comprising a lower connector member, and two tie rods extending between said upper and lower connector members; said tie rods being positioned between the middle portion and the opposite end portions of each connector member.
15. The dock system of claim 14 wherein said dock modules each include a channel in a wall thereof; said tie rods being positioned on said connector members to be received in said channel.
16. The dock system of claim 10 wherein each said module of said dock system comprises a float, a decking support secured to said float, and a decking secured to said decking support; wherein the decking supports of adjacent dock modules are secured together.
17. The dock system of claim 16 wherein said decking support of said dock modules comprises an edge cross-member positioned at an edge of each said dock module; the edge cross-members of adjacent dock modules being joined together by at least one fastener.
18. The dock system of claim 16 wherein said dock system includes a resilient bushing on said fastener positioned between the edge cross-members of the adjacent dock modules.
19. The dock system of claim 18 including outer bushings at opposite ends of said fastener.
20. A coupler for joining dock modules of a dock system said coupler comprising a connector having a first end, a second end, and a middle portion; said middle portion being flexible, compressible, and tensionable.
21. The coupler of claim 20 wherein said connector includes a first neck portion extending between said first end and said middle portion and a second neck portion extending between said second end and said middle portion; said middle portion being enlarged relative to said neck portions.
22. The coupler of claim 21 wherein said connector middle portion defines a hollow.
23. The coupler of claim 22 wherein the middle portion of the connector is generally annular.
24. The coupler of claim 20 wherein said connector is a first connector; said coupler further including a second connector and two tie rods extending between said first and second connectors; said tie rods being positioned between said end portions and said middle portion.
25. The coupler of claim 24 wherein said second connector is substantially identical to said first connector.
26. The coupler of claim 20 wherein said connector is comprised of a material that includes fibers.
27. The coupler of claim 26 wherein said fibers are glass fibers, plastic fibers, or carbon fibers.
Type: Application
Filed: Jan 3, 2014
Publication Date: Jul 3, 2014
Inventors: Dustin Imel (Rocky Comfort, MO), Curtis Downs (Denver, NC), Dan Guthrie (Mooresville, NC)
Application Number: 14/147,348
International Classification: B63B 35/44 (20060101);