Tooth Assembly for Excavating Apparatus with Rare Earth Material
A system for coupling equipment components includes a magnetic coupling assembly. The magnetic coupling assembly couples a tooth point to an adapter. The magnetic coupling assembly is received at least partially within a recess formed in the adapter. The magnetic coupling assembly includes an insert and a magnetic coupler. The insert is placed within the recess of the adapter, and the insert includes an internal recess. The magnetic coupler is received within the internal recess of the insert.
This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 61/549,509, filed Oct. 20, 2011, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTIONThis invention relates generally to replaceable machine parts that are exposed to high wear, and more specifically to a tooth assembly for an excavating apparatus with rare earth material.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIONDigging and leveling apparatuses such as draglines, backhoes, front-end loaders, and the like often use replaceable tooth assemblies that are mounted on tooth horns, excavator lips, edges, or the like to provide sacrificial parts that are exposed to repeated shock loading and high wear occasioned by a digging operation. In such systems, each tooth assembly typically includes a wedge-shaped adapter that mounts directly on the tooth horn of the bucket, shovel, or alternative digging or scraping mechanism of the equipment. A wedge-shaped tooth point for engaging the material to be excavated is frontally seated on and securely pinned to the adapter.
Attachment of the tooth point is typically accomplished by means of one or more inserts that are inserted into insert cavities in the adapter. The inserts are internally threaded to accommodate a bolt that secures the tooth point to the adapter. Installation and removal of tooth points secured using such a system requires substantial time and effort because the bolts that secure the tooth points must be screwed in and unscrewed when the tooth is to be replaced. Such screwing and unscrewing operations typically require the use of a powered impact wrench. Moreover, the use of such a tool presents the danger of over-torquing, which results in damage to the threads and possible personal injury to the operator.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONIn accordance with particular configurations of the present disclosure, the disadvantages and problems associated with tooth assemblies for excavating apparatuses may be substantially reduced or eliminated.
In accordance with particular configurations of the present disclosure, a system for coupling equipment components may include a magnetic coupling assembly. The magnetic coupling assembly may couple a tooth point to an adapter. The magnetic coupling assembly may be received at least partially within a recess formed in the adapter. The magnetic coupling assembly may include an insert and a magnetic coupler. The insert may be placed within the recess of the adapter, and the insert may include an internal recess. The magnetic coupler may be received within the internal recess of the insert.
Technical advantages provided by particular configurations of the present disclosure may include allowing operators of excavation equipment or other replaceable machine parts to quickly and efficiently install and remove replaceable parts. For example, a tooth point may be coupled to or removed from an adapter using a magnetic coupler. The magnetic coupler may be removed quickly and efficiently utilizing one or more of a mechanical replacement tool and a heating element as the tooth point degrades or wears out during use. By substantially reducing replacement time of replaceable parts, such a magnetic coupler may allow operators to utilize excavating equipment and other machine parts longer and with less idle time.
An attachment system in accordance with particular configurations of the present disclosure is described herein with particular reference to the attachment and removal of replaceable teeth to and from excavating equipment, such as dragline buckets, and more particularly to the attachment and removal of replaceable teeth to and from the assemblies disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,337,495, 6,502,336, and 7,032,334, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference. Those skilled in the art will understand, however, that configurations of the present disclosure may be applicable to other machines using replaceable parts. Examples of such machines may include downhole drills and related tools, conveyor belt parts, center wear shrouds and wing shrouds on dragline buckets, track shoes for tracked vehicles, machine gun and artillery breech parts, cutting edges, pins, protectors, ripper components, and the like.
Referring to the drawings and to
Adapter 3 may be coupled to tooth horn 2 using pin assembly 34. During excavation and/or mining operations, adapter 3 may be subject to significant wear and tear. Extreme shock loading may be experienced as removable adapter 3 impacts adjacent earth, rocks, and other abrasive material. Therefore, it may be desirable to make adapter body 3 readily replaceable with a new or reconditioned component of similar or identical configuration. Otherwise, one or more of tooth horn 2, buckets, shovels, and other excavation equipment would need to be replaced more frequently, which may increase equipment and labor costs associated therewith. By providing a removable adapter 3 at the location of tooth horn 2, which may otherwise experience substantial wear, the service life of such equipment may be prolonged by replacing selected parts associated with the excavation equipment.
In order to prevent excessive wear of tooth horn 2, for example, adapter 3 may be coupled with tooth horn 2. Consequently, adapter 3 may at least partially conceal and/or protect tooth horn 2 from abrasive materials during excavation. Tooth horn 2 may be configured to be received in an opening in adapter 3. When adapter 3 and tooth horn 2 are coupled, first and second sides of tooth horn 2 may be disposed adjacent to first and second sides of adapter 3.
The configuration of adapter 3 and tooth horn 2 may vary significantly within the teachings of the present invention. For example, although adapter 3 is described above as having first and second tapered surfaces, in other configurations, adapter 3 may include only one tapered side. Alternatively, adapter 3 may not have any tapered sides. Furthermore, although adapter 3 is described above as having first and second sides that are generally parallel to one another, in other configurations, one or both of first and second sides may be tapered, such that the first and second sides may not be parallel to one another. Similar alterations may be made to tooth horn 2 within the teachings of the present disclosure. In general, the configurations of the excavation components may be selected to receive and provide protection from excessive wear caused during excavation operations.
Tooth horn 2 may include a pin bore 58 that may originate at a first side of tooth horn 2 and extend at least partially through tooth horn 2. In
In certain configurations, pin assembly 34 may include an elongate insert 60 and a plug 69. Insert 60 may be configured to be at least partially received within pin bore 58. Accordingly, the shape and size of pin bore 58 may correspond to the shape and size of insert 60. The configurations of pin bore 58 and insert 60 may vary significantly within the teachings of the present invention. In particular configurations, insert 60 may be of a geometric shape that may include a number of sides of equal width. Because the shape of pin bore 58 may correspond to the shape of insert 60, pin bore 58 may be of a geometric shape that may include a number of sides of equal width. In particular configurations, insert 60 and pin bore 58 may each be of a shape having between three and eight sides. Nevertheless, insert 60 and pin bore 58 may be of any suitable geometric shape. Pin assembly 34 may include one or more plugs 69, which may be configured to cooperate with a plug bore in insert 60. The plug bore may extend at least partially through insert 60 and may be configured to at least partially receive one or more plugs 69 therein. In
In operation, plugs 69 and insert 60 may cooperate to couple adapter 3 to tooth horn 2 in an installed configuration. The sides of tooth horn 2 may include respective openings, which may be configured to receive a portion of one or more plugs 69 at least partially therethrough. The respective positions of the openings upon the sides of adapter 3 may be selected to align with the first and second ends of pin bore 58, respectively. When adapter 3 is properly positioned upon tooth horn 2, pin bore 58 and the openings may be aligned such that one or more of an imaginary central axis, an approximately-central axis, and one or more other longitudinal axes may extend through the openings of adapter 3 and insert 60. In the installed position, a plug 69 may be inserted through each opening of adapter 3 and into at least a portion of pin bore 58 to couple adapter 3 to tooth horn 2. In the correct installed position, plugs 69 may be recessed from the sides of adapter 3 by approximately 0.125 to 1.000 inches. In particular configurations, plugs 69 may be recessed from the sides of adapter 3 by 0.25 to 0.5 inches.
Adapter 3 may be coupled to tooth horn 2 using pin assembly 34 in a manner similar to the coupling between adapter 3 and the removable tooth point 15 shown in
Adapter 3 may be coupled to tooth horn 2 using the pairing of insert 41 and magnetic coupler 61 or a combination of features thereof with insert 60 in a manner similar to the coupling between adapter 3 and the removable tooth point 15 shown in
In particular configurations, magnetic coupler 61 may be manufactured in part from any high strength magnetic material, including, but not limited to, neodymium and samarium-cobalt magnetic materials. As shown in
As shown in
In certain configurations, magnetic coupler 61 may be of sufficient length to secure adapter 3 to tooth horn 2 by contacting the sides of an opening in adapter 3 through which magnetic coupler 61 is placed. Magnetic coupler 61 thereby may prevent adapter 3 from disengaging from tooth horn 2 during the operation of excavation equipment or other replaceable machine parts. In certain configurations, magnetic coupler 61 may be of sufficient length to secure tooth point 15 to adapter 3 by contacting the sides of an opening in adapter 3 through which magnetic coupler 61 is placed. Magnetic coupler 61 thereby may prevent tooth point 15 from disengaging from adapter 3 during the operation of excavation equipment or other replaceable machine parts. Once coupled to one or more of insert 41 and insert 60, bore 63 may be filled with a bore filler material that may be formed to be the same size and width as bore 63. A bore filler material may prevent dust, rock fragments, or other abrasive material from entering magnetic coupler 61 during operation. For example, bore 63 may be filled with a neoprene cylinder that may be formed to fit into and fill the area of bore 63. In alternative configurations, one or more of insert 41 and insert 60 and respective bores therefor may be omitted and magnetic coupler 61 may couple directly with one or more of tooth horn 2 and adapter 3.
Magnetic coupler 61 may allow quick and efficient replacement of machine tool parts. For example, tooth point 15 may be coupled to adapter 3 using magnetic coupler 61, and, subsequently, tooth point 15 may be removed quickly and efficiently utilizing one or more of mechanical replacement tool 40 and a heating element 80, which is described below in more detail, as tooth point 15 degrades or wears out during use. By substantially reducing a replacement time of replaceable parts, magnetic coupler 61 may allow longer utilization of excavating equipment and other machine parts with less idle time.
In certain configurations, the position of magnetic coupler 61 and one or more of insert 41 and insert 60 may be interchangeable.
In alternative configurations, magnetic coupler 61 may be formed integrally with one or more of tooth horn 2, adapter 3, and tooth point 15. In such alternative configurations, magnetic coupler 61 may be disposed in the one or more of tooth horn 2, adapter 3, and tooth point 15 in place of one or more bores and recesses in the one or more of tooth horn 2, adapter 3, and tooth point 15.
Further, in some configurations, one or more of insert 41 and insert 60 may be formed integrally with one or more of tooth horn 2, adapter 3, and tooth point 15. In such configurations, magnetic coupler 61 may be disposed in the one or more of tooth horn 2, adapter 3, and tooth point 15 in place of one or more bores and recesses in the one or more of tooth horn 2, adapter 3, and tooth point 15.
While the invention has been described in connection with various example structures and illustrative embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that other variations and modifications of the structures, configurations, and embodiments described above may be made without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, this application comprises possible combinations of the various elements and features disclosed herein, and the particular elements and features presented in the claims and disclosed above may be combined with each other in other ways within the scope of the application, such that the application should be recognized as also directed to other embodiments comprising other possible combinations. Other structures, configurations, and embodiments consistent with the scope of the claimed invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from a consideration of the specification or practice of the invention disclosed herein. It is intended that the specification and the described examples are illustrative with the true scope of the invention being defined by the following claims.
Claims
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18. An apparatus for decoupling a magnetic coupler from equipment components, the apparatus comprising:
- an elongated portion comprising a threaded end portion, the threaded end portion configured to couple with a threaded portion of the magnetic coupler;
- a sliding portion configured to slide along the elongated portion; and
- a supporting portion disposed on the elongated portion, the supporting portion configured to prevent the sliding portion from separating from the elongated portion in a direction away from the threaded end portion,
- wherein the apparatus is configured to uncouple the magnetic coupler from the equipment components in response to a force applied to one or more of the sliding portion and the supporting portion in the direction away from the threaded end portion while the threaded end portion of the elongated portion is coupled with the threaded portion of the magnetic coupler.
19. An apparatus for installing a magnetic coupler onto equipment components, the apparatus comprising:
- an elongated portion coupled to a cross piece portion that is substantially perpendicular to the elongated portion,
- wherein the apparatus is configured to receive the magnetic coupler on the elongated portion and fit within a recessed portion of an insert installed in an adapter of a component.
20. An apparatus for decoupling a magnetic coupler from equipment components, the apparatus comprising an electrical heating element configured to be placed within a bore of the magnetic coupler, the electrical heating element operable to heat the magnetic coupler such that the magnetic properties of the magnetic coupler are reduced.
21. The apparatus of claim 18, further comprising:
- an electrical heating element configured to be placed within a bore of the magnetic coupler, the electrical heating element configured to heat the magnetic coupler such that magnetic attraction between the magnetic coupler and the equipment components is reduced.
22. The apparatus of claim 21,
- wherein the electrical heating element is configured to heat the magnetic coupler such that magnetic attraction between the magnetic coupler and the equipment components in a radial direction of the magnetic coupler is substantially prevented, and
- wherein the radial direction of the magnetic coupler is the same as a radial direction of the elongated portion.
23. The apparatus of claim 21,
- wherein the electrical heating element is configured to heat the magnetic coupler such that magnetic attraction between the magnetic coupler and the equipment components in an axial direction of the magnetic coupler is substantially prevented, and
- wherein the axial direction of the magnetic coupler is the same as an axial direction of the elongated portion.
24. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the apparatus is configured to uncouple the magnetic coupler from the equipment components by moving the magnetic coupler in an axial direction of the elongated portion along a recess in at least one of the equipment components.
25. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein magnetic attraction between the magnetic coupler and the equipment components is reduced in a radial direction of the elongated member by a shield at least partially enclosing a magnetic core of the magnetic coupler.
26. The apparatus of claim 18,
- wherein the elongated portion comprises a first locking component disposed adjacent to the threaded end portion of the elongated portion, and
- wherein the sliding portion comprises a second locking component configured to engage with the first locking component at a first sliding position of the sliding portion along the elongated portion, such that the elongated portion is prevented from rotating independently of the sliding portion.
27. The apparatus of claim 26,
- wherein the first locking component extends from the elongated portion in a radial direction of the elongated portion, and
- wherein the second locking component is a recess in the sliding portion configured to receive the first locking component therein when the sliding portion is at the first sliding position.
28. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein the first locking component and the second locking component engage at the first sliding position to prevent the sliding portion from sliding further toward the threaded end portion.
29. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein the threaded end portion of the elongated portion is configured to couple with the threaded portion of the magnetic coupler when the sliding portion is at the first sliding position.
30. The apparatus of claim 26,
- wherein the sliding portion is configured to engage with the supporting portion at a second sliding position of the sliding portion along the elongated portion, the second sliding position being further than the first sliding position from the threaded end portion of the elongated portion in the direction away from the threaded end portion of the elongated portion, and
- wherein the supporting portion is configured to receive a force, in the direction away from the threaded end portion of the elongated portion, from the sliding portion when the sliding portion reaches the second sliding position after sliding from the first sliding position to the second sliding position.
31. The apparatus according to claim 30, wherein the apparatus is configured such that force received by the supporting portion from the sliding portion uncouples the magnetic coupler from the equipment components.
32. The apparatus of claim 30, wherein the distance between the first sliding position and the second sliding position is greater than the length of the sliding portion in an axial direction of the elongated portion.
34. The apparatus of claim 19, further comprising:
- a sliding portion configured to slide along the elongated portion,
- wherein the sliding portion comprises a recess configured to engage with the cross piece portion when the sliding portion reaches a particular position along the elongated portion, such that the elongated portion is prevented from rotating independently of the sliding portion.
35. The apparatus of claim 19,
- wherein the elongated portion further comprises an end portion configured to receive the magnetic coupler,
- wherein the apparatus further comprises: a sliding portion configured to slide along the elongated portion; and a supporting portion disposed on the elongated portion, the supporting portion configured to prevent the sliding portion from separating from the elongated portion in a direction away from the end portion of the elongated portion, and
- wherein the supporting portion is configured to receive a force, in the direction away from the end portion of the elongated portion, from the sliding portion when the sliding portion slides into contact with the supporting portion.
36. The apparatus of claim 20,
- wherein the electrical heating element is configured to heat the magnetic coupler such that magnetic attraction between the magnetic coupler and the equipment components in a radial direction of the magnetic coupler is substantially prevented, and
- wherein the radial direction of the magnetic coupler is the same as a radial direction of the elongated portion.
37. The apparatus of claim 20,
- wherein the electrical heating element is configured to heat the magnetic coupler such that magnetic attraction between the magnetic coupler and the equipment components in an axial direction of the magnetic coupler is substantially prevented, and
- wherein the axial direction of the magnetic coupler is the same as an axial direction of the elongated portion.
Type: Application
Filed: Dec 12, 2014
Publication Date: Mar 26, 2015
Inventor: Sherlock K. Pippins (Dallas, TX)
Application Number: 14/568,217
International Classification: E02F 9/28 (20060101);