METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR PROVIDING SEALING IN GAS TURBINES
A gas turbine system is provided that includes a compressor section, a combustor assembly coupled to the compressor section, and a turbine section coupled to the compressor section. At least one of the combustor assembly and the turbine section includes a sealing sub-system for use in sealing between a first component and a second component. A first component defines a first seal member receiving region oriented between a higher-temperature gas region and a cooler-temperature gas region. A second component adjacent the first component defines a second seal member receiving region oriented adjacent the first seal member receiving region. The sealing system includes first and second end walls defined in at least one of the first and second seal member receiving regions. A seal member is oriented within the first and second seal member receiving regions, and includes at least a first layer defining at least a first resilient seal end portion that engages one of the first and second end walls.
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The subject matter of this disclosure was made with Government support under Contract No. DE-FC26-05NT42643, awarded by the Department of Energy (DOE), and the Government has certain rights in the subject matter claimed herein.
BACKGROUNDThe present disclosure relates generally to rotary machines, and, more specifically, to methods and systems for providing sealing between components within a gas turbine engine.
At least some known gas turbine engines include a plurality of seal assemblies that facilitate isolating a flow of combustion gases channeled along a fluid flow path (“hot gas path”) from cooler regions of the gas turbine located between an inner shell of the gas turbine engine and components directly exposed to the lower-pressure combustion gas flow, for example. At least some known seal assemblies extend between adjacent stationary components, such as stator segments, within a stage of the gas turbine engine to provide sealing between a high-pressure, lower-temperature area and a low-pressure, higher-temperature area. To further protect against ingestion of higher-temperature combustion gases into the cooler regions of the engine, in at least some known gas turbine engines, purge air is channeled into the cooler regions, at a pressure that is higher than a pressure of the combustion gas flow.
At least some known seal assemblies include an elongated substantially planar seal member that is inserted within adjacent elongated rectangular slots or seal member receiving regions defined within two adjacent components. Such seal members are sometimes referred to as “spline seals” and include side edge regions and end edge regions. In at least some known seal assemblies, the adjacent rectangular slots are longer in length than the seal member inserted within the slots, to accommodate manufacturing tolerances and minor part-to-part misalignments. In at least some known gas turbine engines that include such seal members, leakage of purge gases may occur around the end edge regions of the seal members, specifically between the end edge regions and the adjacent end regions of the elongated rectangular slots. As a result of the leakage, a larger volume of purge air may be needed to ensure that ingestion of combustion gases into the cooler regions is prevented, than would be needed if the leakage did not occur.
BRIEF DESCRIPTIONIn one aspect, a method for providing a seal between components within a gas turbine is provided. The method includes inserting a seal member into a first seal member receiving region defined within a first component of a gas turbine, wherein the first seal member receiving region is oriented between a higher-temperature gas region and a cooler-temperature gas region. The method also includes inserting the seal member into a second recess defined within a second component of the gas turbine, wherein the second component is adjacent to the first component, and wherein at least one of the first and second seal member regions includes a first end wall and at least one of the first and second seal member regions includes a second end wall oriented substantially opposite the first end wall. The seal member includes at least a first layer defining at least a first seal end portion that engages one of the respective first and second end walls.
In still another aspect, a gas turbine system is provided. The gas turbine system includes a compressor section, a combustor assembly coupled to the compressor section, and a turbine section coupled to the compressor section. At least one of the combustor assembly and the turbine section includes a sealing sub-system for use in sealing between a first component and a second component. The sealing sub-system includes a first component defining a first seal member receiving region oriented between a higher-temperature gas region and a cooler-temperature gas region. The sealing sub-system also includes a second component adjacent the first component. The second component defines a second seal member receiving region oriented adjacent the first seal member receiving region, wherein at least one of the first and second seal member receiving regions includes a first end wall. At least one of the first and second seal member receiving regions also includes a second end wall oriented substantially opposite the first end wall. The sealing sub-system also includes a seal member oriented within the first and second seal member receiving regions, wherein the seal member includes at least a first layer defining at least a first resilient seal end portion that engages one of the first and second end walls.
As used herein, the terms “axial” and “axially” refer to directions and orientations extending substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis of a gas turbine engine. Moreover, the terms “radial” and “radially” refer to directions and orientations extending substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the gas turbine engine. In addition, as used herein, the terms “circumferential” and “circumferentially” refer to directions and orientations extending arcuately about the longitudinal axis of the gas turbine engine. It should also be appreciated that the term “fluid” as used herein includes any medium or material that flows, including, but not limited to, gas and air.
In operation, air flows through compressor assembly 102 such that compressed air is supplied to combustor assembly 104. Fuel is channeled to a combustion region and/or zone (not shown) that is defined within combustor assembly 104 wherein the fuel is mixed with the air and ignited. Combustion gases generated in combustor assembly 104 are channeled along a hot gas path 111 through turbine assembly 108 wherein gas stream thermal energy is converted to mechanical rotational energy.
In the exemplary embodiment, a seal region 206 is defined between an elongated slot or seal member receiving region 208 defined within component 202, and a corresponding slot or seal member receiving region 230 defined within component 203. A seal member 204 is captured (i.e., at least partially inserted) within slots 208 and 230.
In the exemplary embodiment, sealing system 200 includes a plurality of seal members, for example, seal members 209 and 213, in addition to seal member 204, wherein seal members 209 and 213 are received in slots or seal member receiving regions 207 and 211, respectively. The arrangement of slots 207, 208, and 211 is exemplary only. In an alternative embodiment, slots 207, 208 and 211 may be oriented in any configuration that enables sealing system 200 to function as described herein. Moreover, each seal member 204, 209 and/or 213 may have any configuration, including configurations that are different from each other, which enables sealing system 200 to function as described herein.
In the exemplary embodiment, seal member 204 is a multi-layer seal member that includes layers 210, 212, 214, 216, and 218. In one embodiment, at least one of layers 210-218 is a solid metal layer. Moreover, in one embodiment, at least one of layers 210-218 is a metal cloth layer. Alternatively, any of layers 210-218 may be fabricated from any material that enables system 200 to function as described herein. In the exemplary embodiment, layers 210-218 may be coupled to each other using any suitable fastening method that enables system 200 to function as described herein. While seal member 204 is described as having a multi-layer laminated construction, in alternative embodiments, seal member may have any number of layers that enables system 200 to function as described herein.
In the exemplary embodiment, seal member 204 includes a layer 220 with seal end portions 222 and 224. In the exemplary embodiment, layer 220 is fabricated from any suitable material that enables system 200 to function as described herein. Specifically, layer 220 is fabricated from a sufficiently strong and flexible material that enables seal end portions 222 and 224 to resiliently bend to maintain contact with end walls 226 and 228 of slot 208, and corresponding end walls (not shown) within slot 230 (shown in
In the exemplary embodiment, seal member 204 includes both seal end portion 224 and seal end portion 222 (shown in broken lines). In an alternative embodiment, seal member 204 may have only one of seal end portions 224 and 222. For example, in an alternative embodiment, seal end portion 222 may be omitted. In addition, in the exemplary embodiment, seal end portions 222 and 224 both extend from the same layer, for example, layer 220. In an alternative embodiment (not shown), seal end portions 222 and 224 may extend from different ones of layers 210, 212, 214, 216, 218, and 220.
In the exemplary embodiment, seal end portion 224 is sized and oriented at an angle α with respect to a substantially planar web portion 223 of layer 220. Seal end portion 222 is sized and oriented at an angle β, with respect to portion 223. In the exemplary embodiment, α and β have the same value. In an alternative embodiment, each of α and β may have any value that enables sealing system 200 to function as described herein. After insertion of seal member 204 into slot 208, end edges 225 and 227 of seal end portions 222 and 224 are maintained in contact with end walls 226 and 228, respectively. In the exemplary embodiment, seal end portions 222 and 224 extend integrally from substantially planar web portion 223. In an alternative embodiment, seal end portions 222 and 224 are initially fabricated as discrete components that are subsequently coupled to substantially planar web portion 223 using any suitable attachment method that enables system 200 to function as described herein.
In one embodiment, to facilitate assembly of system 200, seal member 204 is initially fabricated with seal end portions 222 and 224 temporarily deflected to positions 232 and 234 (illustrated in broken lines in
As illustrated in
Seal member 204 is described and shown in
In the exemplary embodiment, shroud block 250 includes a flange 254 and an overlying flange 266. Flanges 254 and 266 are separated by a distance H. At least a portion 262 of flange 254 is not covered by flange 266. Shroud block 250 also includes a flange 256 bounded by at least an end wall 258, and at least partially covered by a flange 268. In the exemplary embodiment, a similar end wall (not shown) is provided at an opposite end of flange 256. As previously described, seal members 204 (shown in
Seal end portions 222 and 224 are shown in
Seal member 306 includes seal end portions 318 and 322 that extend from a substantially planar web portion 328 of layer 308. In the exemplary embodiment, each of seal end portions 318 and 322 has a “W”-shaped configuration. Moreover, seal end portions 318 and 322 are sized and configured to be resiliently flexible, such that after insertion of seal member 306 into slot 304, seal end portion 318 is maintained in contact with an end wall 320 of slot 304, and seal end portion 322 is maintained in contact with an end wall 324 of slot 304. Furthermore, after insertion of seal member 306 into slot 304, one or both of seal end portions 318 and 322 is slightly compressed to provide a seal between seal end portions 318 and 322 and respective end walls 320 and 324. Accordingly, sealing system 300 facilitates reducing or preventing leakage around ends of seal member 306.
As described with respect to the embodiment of
In the exemplary embodiment, a gas pressure of a purge gas in a region 330 is higher than a gas pressure in a region 332. Accordingly, because of the pressure differential between regions 330 and 332 present during turbine operation, seal member 306 is pressed against bottom wall 334 of slot 304 and against a bottom wall of a corresponding slot in an adjacent component (not shown). Seal end portions 318 and 322 facilitate the prevention of leakage of purge gas around seal member 306.
In the exemplary embodiment, seal end portions 416 and 420 are arcuate in cross-section, and are configured to be resiliently flexible, such that after insertion of seal member 406, seal end portion 416 is maintained in contact with an end wall 418 of slot 404, and seal end portion 420 is maintained in contact with an end wall 422 of slot 404. Furthermore, after insertion of seal member 406 into slot 404, one or both of seal end portions 416 and 420 is slightly compressed to provide a seal between seal end portions 416 and 420 and respective end walls 418 and 422.
As described with respect to the embodiment of
In the exemplary embodiment, a purge gas pressure in a region 430 is higher than a gas pressure in a region 432. Accordingly, because of the pressure differential between regions 430 and 432 during turbine operation, seal member 406 is maintained against bottom wall 434 of slot 404 and against a bottom wall of a corresponding slot in an adjacent component (not shown). Seal end portions 416 and 420 facilitate the prevention of purge gas leakage around seal member 406.
Seal end portions 520 and 526 extend from of layer 508. Seal end portions 522 and 528 extend from a substantially planar web portion 521 of layer 510. In the exemplary embodiment, seal end portions 520, 522, 526, and 528 are arcuate in cross-section, and are sized and configured to be resiliently flexible, such that after insertion of seal member 506 into slot 504, at least one of seal end portions 520, 522, 526, and 528 is slightly compressed to provide a seal between seal end portions 520 and/or 522 and end wall 524, and between seal end portions 526 and/or 528 and end wall 536, respectively.
As described with respect to the embodiment of
In the exemplary embodiment, a purge gas pressure in a region 530 is higher than a gas pressure in a region 532. Accordingly, because of the pressure differential between regions 530 and 532, during turbine operation seal member 506 is maintained against bottom wall 534 of slot 504 and against a bottom wall of a corresponding slot in an adjacent component (not shown). Seal end portions 520, 522, 526, and/or 528 facilitate the prevention of purge gas leakage around seal member 506.
In the embodiments of
The subject matter described herein provides several advantages over known methods of sealing between static components in a gas turbine engine. For example, the sealing systems described herein facilitate maintaining a pressure boundary within a gas turbine engine between a higher-temperature combustion gas path and a cooler-temperature gas region, such as between an inner shell of a turbine and turbine components directly exposed to combustion gases. The sealing systems described herein also facilitate reducing or preventing of leakage around end regions of an elongated substantially planar (“spline”) seal member. The system systems described herein also facilitate assembly of turbine components by facilitating the temporary securement of seal end portions in deflected orientations, to facilitate insertion of the seal members into slots defined in adjacent turbine components. Moreover, the sealing systems described herein facilitates preventing excess outflow of high pressure purge through gaps defined between adjacent components within a gas turbine engine and into the hot gas path, towards facilitating an increase in turbine efficiency.
Exemplary embodiments of a method and a system for providing sealing between static components of a gas turbine engine are described above in detail. The method and system are not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, but rather, components of systems and/or steps of the methods may be utilized independently and separately from other components and/or steps described herein. For example, the method may also be used in combination with other rotary machine systems and methods, and are not limited to practice only with gas turbine engines as described herein. Rather, the exemplary embodiment can be implemented and utilized in connection with many other rotary machine applications.
Although specific features of various embodiments of the claimed subject matter may be shown in some drawings and not in others, this is for convenience only. In accordance with the principles of the subject matter described herein, any feature of a drawing may be referenced and/or claimed in combination with any feature of any other drawing.
This written description uses examples to disclose the claimed subject matter, including the best mode, and also to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the subject matter described herein, including making and using any devices or systems and performing any incorporated methods. The patentable scope of the subject matter described herein is defined by the claims, and may include other examples that occur to those skilled in the art. Such other examples are intended to be within the scope of the claims if they have structural elements that do not differ from the literal language of the claims, or if they include equivalent structural elements with insubstantial differences from the literal language of the claims.
While the claimed subject matter has been described in terms of various specific embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that the subject matter can be practiced with modification within the spirit and scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A method for providing a seal between components within a gas turbine, said method comprising:
- inserting a seal member into a first seal member receiving region defined within a first component of a gas turbine, wherein the first seal member receiving region is oriented between a higher-temperature gas region and a cooler-temperature gas region; and
- inserting the seal member into a second recess defined within a second component of the gas turbine, wherein the second component is adjacent to the first component, and wherein at least one of the first and second seal member regions includes a first end wall and at least one of the first and second seal member regions includes a second end wall oriented substantially opposite the first end wall,
- wherein the seal member includes at least a first layer defining at least a first seal end portion that engages one of the respective first and second end walls.
2. The method in accordance with claim 1, wherein said method further comprises defining the seal member to include a second seal end portion that engages another of the first and second end walls.
3. The method in accordance with claim 2, wherein defining the seal member to include a second seal end portion further comprises defining the seal member to include first and second seal end portions that have similar cross-sectional configurations.
4. The method in accordance with claim 2, wherein defining the seal member to include a second seal end portion further comprises defining the seal member to include first and second seal end portions that have different cross-sectional configurations.
5. The method in accordance with claim 1, wherein said method further comprises fabricating the seal member as a laminated seal member that includes at least a second layer coupled to the first layer.
6. The method in accordance with claim 1, wherein said method further comprises defining the first seal end portion as a planar member extending at an angle relative to a planar web portion of the first layer.
7. The method in accordance with claim 1, wherein said method further comprises defining the first seal end portion as a web extending from a planar web portion of the first layer, wherein the web includes a “W”-shaped cross-sectional configuration.
8. The method in accordance with claim 1, wherein said method further comprises defining the first seal end portion as a web extending from a planar web portion of the first layer, wherein the web includes a curved cross-sectional configuration.
9. The method in accordance with claim 1, wherein said method further comprises defining the seal member to include at least two layers, wherein each of the at least two layers includes at least one seal end portion.
10. The method in accordance with claim 9, wherein defining the seal member to include at least two layers further comprises defining each of the at least two layers to include first and second seal end portions having similar cross-sectional configurations.
11. A gas turbine system, said system comprising:
- a compressor section;
- a combustor assembly coupled to said compressor section; and
- a turbine section coupled to said compressor section, wherein at least one of said combustor assembly and said turbine section includes a sealing sub-system for use in sealing between a first component and a second component, said sealing sub-system comprises:
- a first component defining a first seal member receiving region oriented between a higher-temperature gas region and a cooler-temperature gas region;
- a second component adjacent said first component, said second component defining a second seal member receiving region oriented adjacent said first seal member receiving region, wherein at least one of said first and second seal member receiving regions includes a first end wall, and at least one of said first and second seal member receiving regions includes a second end wall oriented substantially opposite said first end wall; and
- a seal member oriented within said first and second seal member receiving regions, wherein said seal member includes at least a first layer defining at least a first resilient seal end portion that engages one of said first and second end walls.
12. The gas turbine system in accordance with claim 11, wherein said seal member includes a second seal end portion that engages another of said first and second end walls.
13. The gas turbine system in accordance with claim 12, wherein said first and second portions include similar cross-sectional configurations.
14. The gas turbine system in accordance with claim 12, wherein said first and second seal end portions include different cross-sectional configurations.
15. The gas turbine system in accordance with claim 11, wherein said seal member is a laminated seal member that includes at least a second layer coupled to the first layer.
16. The gas turbine system in accordance with claim 11, wherein said first seal end portion comprises a planar member extending at an angle relative to a planar web portion of said first layer.
17. The gas turbine system in accordance with claim 11, wherein said first seal end portion comprises a web extending from a planar web portion of said first layer, wherein said web includes a “W”-shaped cross-sectional configuration.
18. The gas turbine system in accordance with claim 11, wherein said first seal end portion comprises a web extending from a planar web portion of said first layer, wherein said web includes a curved cross-sectional configuration.
19. The gas turbine system in accordance with claim 11, wherein said seal member comprises at least two layers, wherein each of said at least two layers includes at least one seal end portion.
20. The gas turbine system in accordance with claim 19, wherein each of said at least two layers comprises first and second seal end portions having similar cross-sectional configurations.
Type: Application
Filed: Oct 25, 2013
Publication Date: Apr 30, 2015
Applicant: General Electric Company (Schenectady, NY)
Inventors: Victor John Morgan (Simpsonville, SC), Aaron Ezekiel Smith (Simpsonville, SC), David Wayne Weber (Simpsonville, SC)
Application Number: 14/063,269
International Classification: F01D 11/00 (20060101);