USE OF CONDUCTIVE FIBERS TO DISSIPATE STATIC ELECTRICAL CHARGES IN UNBONDED LOOSEFILL INSULATION MATERIAL
An unbonded loosefill insulation material including a multiplicity of discrete, individual tufts formed from a plurality of insulative fibers and a plurality of conductive fibers mixed with the insulative fibers is provided. The conductive fibers are configured to dissipate static electrical charges.
In the insulation of buildings, a frequently used insulation product is unbonded loosefill insulation material. In contrast to the unitary or monolithic structure of insulation batts or blankets, unbonded loosefill insulation material is a multiplicity of discrete, individual tufts, cubes, flakes or nodules. Unbonded loosefill insulation material can be applied to buildings by blowing the unbonded loosefill insulation material into insulation cavities, such as sidewall cavities or an attic of a building.
In certain instances, the individual tufts forming portions of the unbonded loosefill insulation material can develop static electrical charges. The static electrical charges can cause the individual tufts to bind together in a manner that degrades the insulative characteristics of the applied unbonded loosefill insulation material.
The static electrical charges can develop during various steps of the processes for manufacturing the unbonded loosefill insulation material as well as during various steps during the application of the unbonded loosefill insulation material into the building cavities. For example, in certain instances, static electrical charges can form during the manufacturing process as the unbonded loosefill insulation material is conducted from one process center to another process center through ductwork. In another example, static electrical charges can form during a conditioning or “fluffing” process within a blowing insulation machine. In still other instances, static electrical charges can form during the distribution process as the conditioned unbonded loosefill insulation material is passed from the blowing insulation machine to an insulation cavity through a distribution hose.
In an effort to control and dissipate the formation of static electrical charges, manufacturers of unbonded loosefill insulation material have coated the exterior surfaces of the fibers forming the unbonded loosefill insulation material with chemical materials having anti-static properties. In certain instances, the chemical anti-static coatings utilize moisture in the air to dissipate the static electrical charges. However, it has been found that the chemical anti-static coatings are less effective in conditions of relatively low humidity.
It would be advantageous if the unbonded loosefill insulation material could have improved anti-static characteristics.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONThe above objects as well as other objects not specifically enumerated are achieved by an unbonded loosefill insulation material including a multiplicity of discrete, individual tufts formed from a plurality of insulative fibers and a plurality of conductive fibers mixed with the insulative fibers. The conductive fibers are configured to dissipate static electrical charges.
According to this invention there is also provided a method of manufacturing unbonded loosefill insulation material configured for distribution in a blowing insulation machine. The method includes the steps of forming tufts of fibrous insulation materials and mixing conductive fibers with the fibrous insulation materials. The conductive fibers are configured to dissipate static electrical charges.
According to this invention there is also provided a method of insulating a building cavity using a blowing insulation machine. The method includes the steps of receiving and conditioning loosefill insulation material from a package of compressed loosefill insulation material, the loosefill insulation material having a mixture of fibrous insulation material and conductive fibers and distributing the conditioned loosefill insulation material into the building cavity using the blowing insulation machine. The conductive fibers are configured to dissipate static electrical charges.
According to this invention there is also provided a method of insulating a building cavity using a blowing insulation machine. The method includes the steps of using the blowing insulation machine to condition and distribute fibrous loosefill insulation material into the building cavity and mixing conductive fibers with the fibrous loosefill insulation material. The conductive fibers are configured to dissipate static electrical charges.
Various objects and advantages of the use of conductive fibers to dissipate static electrical charges in unbonded loosefill insulation material will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiment, when read in light of the accompanying drawings.
The present invention will now be described with occasional reference to the specific embodiments of the invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in the description of the invention and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
Unless otherwise indicated, all numbers expressing quantities of dimensions such as length, width, height, and so forth as used in the specification and claims are to be understood as being modified in all instances by the term “about.” Accordingly, unless otherwise indicated, the numerical properties set forth in the specification and claims are approximations that may vary depending on the desired properties sought to be obtained in embodiments of the present invention. Notwithstanding that the numerical ranges and parameters setting forth the broad scope of the invention are approximations, the numerical values set forth in the specific examples are reported as precisely as possible. Any numerical values, however, inherently contain certain errors necessarily resulting from error found in their respective measurements.
The description and figures disclose the use of conductive fibers to dissipate static electrical charges (hereafter “static charges”) in unbonded loosefill insulation material (hereafter “insulation material”). Generally, the conductive fibers include electrically conductive materials and are configured to dissipate static charges without the use moisture in the air. The conductive fibers are mixed with the fibers forming the loosefill insulation material in sufficient quantities to provide effective dissipation of static charges.
The terms “unbonded loosefill insulation material” or “loosefill material” or “insulation material”, as used herein, is defined to mean any conditioned insulation material configured for distribution in an airstream. The term “unbonded”, as used herein, is defined to mean the absence of a binder. The term “conditioned”, as used herein, is defined to mean the shredding of the loosefill material to a desired density prior to distribution in an airstream. The terms “static electrical charges or static charges”, as used herein, is defined to mean an imbalance of electric charges within or on the surface of the insulation material.
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The fiberizers 18 receive the molten glass 16 and subsequently form veils 20 of glass fibers 22 and hot gases. The flow of hot gases can be created by optional blowing mechanisms, such as the non-limiting examples of an annular blower (not shown) or an annular burner (not shown), configured to direct the veils 20 of glass fibers 22 in a given direction, usually in a downward manner.
The veils 20 are gathered and transported to downstream processing stations. While the embodiment illustrated in
In one embodiment, the glass fibers 22 are gathered on a conveyor 24 such as to form a blanket or batt 26. The batt 26 is transported by the conveyor 24 to further processing stations (not shown). In other embodiments, the glass fibers 22 and hot gases are collected by a gathering member 28. The gathering member 28 will be discussed in more detail below.
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Optionally, the glass fibers 22 can be coated with a lubricant after the glass fibers are formed. In the illustrated embodiment, a series of nozzles (not shown) are positioned in a ring 34 around the veil 20 at a position below the rotary fiberizers 18. The nozzles are configured to supply a lubricant (not shown) on the glass fibers 22 from a source 36. The lubricant is configured to prevent damage to the glass fibers 22 as the glass fibers 22 move through the manufacturing process 10 and come into contact with various apparatus as well as other glass fibers 22. The lubricant can also be useful to reduce dust in the ultimate product. The application of the lubricant is controlled by a valve 38 such that the amount of lubricant being applied can be precisely controlled. In the embodiment illustrated in
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As discussed above, the glass fibers 22 and hot gases can be collected by the gathering member 28. The gathering member 28 is shaped and sized to easily receive the glass fibers 22 and hot gases. The gathering member 28 is configured to divert the glass fibers 22 and hot gases to a duct 40 for transfer to one or more processing stations for further handling. The gathering member 28 and the duct 40 can be any generally hollow pipe members that are suitable for receiving and conveying the glass fibers 22 and hot gases. In the embodiment shown in
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In the illustrated embodiment, the momentum of the flow of the hot gases will cause the glass fibers 22 to continue to flow through the gathering member 28 and the duct 40 to the rotary forming apparatus 32, where the entrained glass fibers 22 are separated from the flow of hot gases. Alternatively, or additionally, there can be other mechanisms or devices (not shown) configured to draw or push the glass fibers 22 towards the rotary forming apparatus 32.
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From the rotary forming device 32, the separated fibers are transported to other downstream operations, such as for example, bagging operations, via a transfer duct 44. As with the duct 40 described above, the transfer duct 44 can be a generally hollow pipe or other conduit suitable for handling the separated glass fibers 22.
As discussed above, it is desirable to mix conductive fibers with the glass fibers 22 to dissipate static charges in the unbonded loosefill insulation material, blankets or batts. Referring first to the instance where the glass fibers 22 are gathered on a conveyor 24 and blankets or batts 26 are formed, the resulting blankets and batts 26 are passed under one or more dispensers 50 for the application of conductive fibers 52 to an upper surface 54 of the blanket or batt 26. While the illustrated embodiment shows one dispenser 50, it should be understood that any number of dispensers 50 can be used. The dispenser 50 can be any desired structure, device or mechanism suitable for depositing conductive fibers 52 onto the upper surface 54 of the blanket or batt 26.
Subsequent downstream operations (not shown), including but not limited to milling operations, needling operations, compression operations, bagging operations and the like can be used to mix the conductive fibers 52 positioned on the upper surface 54 of the blanket or batt 26 with the glass fibers 22 forming the blanket or batt 26. The resulting blanket or batt can have conductive fibers 52 substantially and uniformly distributed throughout the blanket or batt.
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An insertion device 60 can be positioned adjacent to the transfer duct 44. The insertion device 60 is configured to insert conductive fibers 52, via insertion duct 62, into the air stream within the transfer duct 44 such that the conductive fibers 52 mix with the glass fibers 22. While the illustrated embodiment shows one insertion device 60, it should be understood that any number of insertion devices 60 can be used. The insertion device 60 can be any desired structure, device or mechanism suitable for inserting conductive fibers 52 into the air stream within the transfer duct 44 such that the conductive fibers 52 mix with the glass fibers 22.
After the conductive fibers 52 are mixed with the glass fibers 22 within the transfer duct 44, the mixture of the glass fibers 22 and the conductive fibers 52 are conveyed via the transfer duct 44 to subsequent downstream operations. The resulting mixture of the glass fibers 22 and the conductive fibers 52 can have a substantially and uniformly distributed quantity of conductive fibers 52.
While the embodiment shown in
It is further contemplated that the conductive fibers can be mixed with the glass fibers during processes other than the illustrated manufacturing process 10. As one example of a non-manufacturing process, a blowing insulation machine can be used to distribute a mixture of glass fibers and conductive fibers. Referring now to
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In a third example, conductive fibers can be inserted into the flow of the conditioned glass fibers as the conditioned glass fibers exit the blowing insulation machine 210 through a discharge mechanism 228, such that the conductive fibers mix with the conditioned glass fibers during the exiting process. In this example, a dispenser 270 can be positioned to insert conductive fibers within the blowing insulation machine such that the conductive fibers mix with the glass fibers within the discharge mechanism 228. The dispenser 270 can have any desired structure, such as for example an insertion duct 271 configured to connect the flow of the conditioned glass fibers within the discharge mechanism 228 with the inserted conductive fibers. The dispenser 270 can be incorporated into the blowing insulation machine 210 in any desired manner.
In a fourth example, conductive fibers can be inserted into the air stream containing the conditioned glass fibers as the conditioned glass fibers flow through the distribution hose 246, such that the conductive fibers mix with the conditioned glass fibers. In this example, a dispenser 280 can be positioned to insert conductive fibers into the distribution hose 246 such that the conductive fibers mix with the glass fibers within the distribution hose 246. The dispenser 280 can have any desired structure, such as for example an insertion duct 281 configured to connect the air stream containing the conditioned glass fibers within the distribution hose 246 with the inserted conductive fibers. The dispenser 280 can be incorporated into the distribution hose 246 in any desired manner.
In a final example, conductive fibers can be inserted into the air stream containing the conditioned glass fibers as the conditioned glass fibers flow through the nozzle 250, such that the conductive fibers mix with the conditioned glass fibers. In this example, a dispenser 290 can be positioned to insert conductive fibers into the nozzle 250 such that the conductive fibers mix with the glass fibers within the nozzle 250 or as the glass fibers exit the nozzle 250. The dispenser 290 can have any desired structure, such as for example an insertion duct 291 configured to connect the air stream containing the conditioned glass fibers within the nozzle 250 with the inserted conductive fibers. The dispenser 290 can be incorporated into the nozzle 250 in any desired manner. While the examples discussed above illustrate several methods of using a blowing insulation machine to distribute a mixture of glass fibers and conductive fibers, it should be appreciated that in other embodiments, a blowing insulation machine can be used in other manners to distribute a mixture of glass fibers and conductive fibers.
One non-limiting example of blowing insulation machine is illustrated by U.S. Pat. No. 7,712,690, issued to Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, LLC on May 11, 2010 and incorporated herein in its entirety. However, it should be appreciated that other blowing insulation machines could be used. It should be appreciated that this application contemplates the mixing of the conductive fibers with the glass fibers at any desired point during or after the manufacture of the glass fibers.
The downstream operations can further include compression of the glass fibers 22 in packages of compressed loosefill material. The packages of compressed loosefill material are ready for transport from an insulation manufacturing site to a building that is to be insulated. The compressed loosefill material can be encapsulated in a bag. The bags can be made of polypropylene or other suitable material. During the packaging of the loosefill material, it is placed under compression for storage and transportation efficiencies. Typically, the loosefill material is packaged with a compression ratio of at least about 10:1.
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Whether the conductive fibers 52 are incorporated into blankets or bats 26 or into loosefill material, the conductive fibers 52 are incorporated in sufficient quantities such as to provide effective dissipation of static charges. In the illustrated embodiment, the quantity of conductive fibers 52 mixed with the glass fibers is in a range of from about 0.1 pounds per 100 pounds of glass fiber to about 0.5 pounds per 100 pounds of glass fiber. However, in other embodiments, the quantity of conductive fibers 52 can be less than about 0.1 pounds per 100 pounds of glass fiber or more than about 0.5 pounds per 100 pounds of glass fiber.
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The inner diameter IDS of the sheath 64 is sized to be substantially equal to a core diameter DC such that the core 66 fills a passage formed by the inner diameter IDS of the sheath 64. The diameter DC of the core 66 will be discussed in more detail below.
The wall thickness TW of the sheath 64 is in a range of from about 5 HT to about 10 HT. In other embodiments, the wall thickness TW can be less than about 5 HT or more than about 10 HT such that the sheath 64 provides a protective covering for the core 66.
In the embodiment illustrated in
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The core 66 is generally centered within the sheath 64 with the center of the core 66 positioned at the intersection of perpendicular axis A-A and B-B. As will be discussed in more detail below, in other embodiments, the core 66 can be positioned in non-centered locations within the sheath 64.
In the embodiment illustrated in
The core 66 has a diameter DC. The diameter DC of the core 66 is of sufficient size to dissipate static charges. In the illustrated embodiment, the diameter DC of the core 66 is in a range of from about 10 HT to about 30 HT. However, in other embodiments, the core 66 can have a diameter less than about 10 HT or more than about 30 HT sufficient to dissipate static charges.
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Optionally, the materials forming the core 66 can be encapsulated into polymer-based mixtures such that the materials forming the core 66 are not available for inhalation or respiration.
Optionally, the materials forming the sheath 66 and/or the core 64 can include additional electrically conductive materials configured to assist in the dissipation of the static charges. One non-limiting example of an additional electrically conductive material is titanium dioxide. It has been found that the addition of titanium dioxide to the chemical structure of the materials forming the sheath 66 and/or the core 64 provides superior dissipation of static charges. However, it should be appreciated that in other embodiments materials other than titanium dioxide can be added to assist in the dissipation of the static charges.
Also optionally, the materials forming the conductive fiber 52 can be coated with a lubricant (not shown). The lubricant is configured to prevent damage to the conductive fibers 52 as the mixture of the glass fibers 22 and the conductive fibers 52 moves through the manufacturing process 10 and comes into contact with various apparatus as well as other glass fibers 22. The lubricant can be any desired material, such as for example, a silicone compound.
In certain instances, the lubricant used to coat the glass fibers 22 and the lubricant used to coat the conductive fibers 52 can be the same. In other embodiments, the lubricants can be different provided they have no or low VOCs.
In the embodiment illustrated in
The use of conductive fibers, mixed with the glass fibers forming the loosefill insulation material, to dissipate static charges provides significant benefits, although all benefits may not be present in all circumstances. First, the use of the conductive fibers eliminates the need to coat the glass fibers with a chemical anti-static material, such as for example amine. Since the applied chemical anti-static materials typically utilize moisture in the air to dissipate the static charges, by using the conductive fibers in lieu of a chemical anti-static material, better static charge dissipation can be realized at low levels of relative humidity. Second, elimination or reduced levels of the chemical anti-static materials also results in less build-up of the chemical anti-static material within the material transport ducts in the manufacturing facilities.
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As shown by the graph 120, the unexpected result of the replacement of the chemical anti-static material with the conductive fibers improves not only the dissipation of static charges, but also improves the color retention of the loosefill insulation material. Without being bound by the theory, it is believed the color retention improvement stems from the elimination of chemical interaction between the chemical anti-static material and the pigment.
While the embodiment of the core 66 shown in
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In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes, the principle and mode of operation of the use of conductive fibers to dissipate static charges in unbonded loosefill insulation material have been explained and illustrated in its preferred embodiment. However, it must be understood that the use of conductive fibers to dissipate static charges in unbonded loosefill insulation material may be practiced otherwise than as specifically explained and illustrated without departing from its spirit or scope.
Claims
1. An unbonded loosefill insulation material comprising:
- a multiplicity of discrete, individual tufts formed from a plurality of insulative fibers; and
- a plurality of conductive fibers mixed with the insulative fibers;
- wherein the conductive fibers are configured to dissipate static electrical charges.
2. The unbonded loosefill insulation material of claim 1, wherein the conductive fibers are mixed with the insulative fibers in a quantity range of from about 0.1 pounds of conductive fibers to 100 pounds of insulative fibers to about 0.5 pounds of conductive fibers to 100 pounds of insulative fibers.
3. The unbonded loosefill insulation material of claim 1, wherein the conductive fibers have an electrically conductive core positioned within a protective sheath.
4. The unbonded loosefill insulation material of claim 1, wherein a material forming the sheath includes an electrically conductive material.
5. The unbonded loosefill insulation material of claim 4, wherein the electrically conductive material in the sheath is titanium dioxide.
6. The unbonded loosefill insulation material of claim 1, wherein the insulative fibers have a length and the conductive fibers have a length, and wherein the length of the insulative fibers and the conductive fibers is the same.
7. The unbonded loosefill insulation material of claim 6, wherein the lengths of the insulative fibers and the conductive fibers are in a range of from about 0.25 inches to about 1.5 inches.
8. The unbonded loosefill insulation material of claim 1, wherein the insulative fibers have a coating of anti-static material.
9. The unbonded loosefill insulation material of claim 3, wherein a material forming the core is encapsulated into polymer-based mixtures such that the material forming the core is not available for inhalation or respiration.
10. The unbonded loosefill insulation material of claim 1, wherein the insulative fibers are coated with a coloring material.
11. A method of manufacturing unbonded loosefill insulation material configured for distribution in a blowing insulation machine, the method comprising the steps of:
- forming tufts of fibrous insulation materials; and
- mixing conductive fibers with the fibrous insulation materials;
- wherein the conductive fibers are configured to dissipate static electrical charges.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein the conductive fibers have an electrically conductive core positioned within a protective sheath.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein a material forming the sheath includes an electrically conductive material.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein the electrically conductive material in the sheath is titanium dioxide.
15. The method of claim 12, wherein a material forming the core is encapsulated into polymer-based mixtures such that the material forming the core is not available for inhalation or respiration.
16. A method of insulating a building cavity using a blowing insulation machine, the method including the steps of:
- receiving and conditioning loosefill insulation material from a package of compressed loosefill insulation material, the loosefill insulation material having a mixture of fibrous insulation material and conductive fibers; and
- distributing the conditioned loosefill insulation material into the building cavity using the blowing insulation machine;
- wherein the conductive fibers are configured to dissipate static electrical charges.
17. The method of claim 16, wherein the conductive fibers have an electrically conductive core positioned within a protective sheath.
18. The method of claim 17, wherein a material forming the sheath includes an electrically conductive material.
19. The method of claim 18, wherein the electrically conductive material in the sheath is titanium dioxide.
20. The method of claim 17, wherein a material forming the core is encapsulated into polymer-based mixtures such that the material forming the core is not available for inhalation or respiration.
21. A method of insulating a building cavity using a blowing insulation machine, the method including the steps of:
- using the blowing insulation machine to condition and distribute fibrous loosefill insulation material into the building cavity; and
- mixing conductive fibers with the fibrous loosefill insulation material;
- wherein the conductive fibers are configured to dissipate static electrical charges.
22. The method of claim 21, wherein the conductive fibers are mixed with the fibrous insulation material during the conditioning of the fibrous insulation materials.
23. The method of claim 21, wherein the conductive fibers are inserted into the flow of the fibrous insulation materials within the distribution hose.
24. The method of claim 21, wherein the fibrous loosefill insulation material is compressed within the package.
25. The method of claim 21, wherein the conductive fibers have an electrically conductive core positioned within a protective sheath.
26. The method of claim 25, wherein a material forming the sheath includes an electrically conductive material.
27. The method of claim 26, wherein the electrically conductive material in the sheath is titanium dioxide.
28. The method of claim 25, wherein a material forming the core is encapsulated into polymer-based mixtures such that the material forming the core is not available for inhalation or respiration.
Type: Application
Filed: Nov 26, 2013
Publication Date: May 28, 2015
Inventors: William E. Downey (Granville, OH), Michael E. Evans (Granville, OH)
Application Number: 14/090,489
International Classification: E04B 1/76 (20060101); E04B 1/78 (20060101);