MODULAR SOLAR ENERGY TRANSFER SYSTEM
In one aspect, the present disclosure relates to a modular solar energy transfer system, the system including a primary reflector including a reflective material and a pass-through; a dual-axis tracking system, structurally connected to the primary reflector, configured to orient the primary reflector normal to a sun; a secondary reflector including a reflective material, wherein the secondary reflector is smaller than the primary reflector, structurally connected to the primary reflector and positioned above the primary reflector, and wherein the secondary reflector receives solar energy reflected by the primary reflector and concentrates the solar energy to the pass-through in the primary reflector; an energy transfer component located below the primary reflector, configured to receive solar energy reflected by the secondary reflector and through the pass-through in the primary reflector; and a working fluid contained within the energy transfer component to receive the solar energy.
This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/922,998, entitled “MODULAR SOLAR ENERGY TRANSFER SYSTEM”, and filed on Jan. 2, 2014, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
BACKGROUND1. Field of the Invention
The present disclosure relates to solar energy transfer systems and methods.
2. Background
Current solar energy collection and distribution systems generally use solar energy solely for generating hot water or electricity and are thus useful only for a single purpose. However, a normal residence or business might wish to use solar energy for generating hot water, generating electricity, or heating and cooling air. Single purpose systems require users to have a separate solar energy system to meet each unique energy demand. Having multiple solar energy systems is expensive and an inefficient use of space.
Other disadvantages of conventional solar energy systems include inefficiency of operation and insufficient capacity to store captured energy. Solar energy can be most efficiently collected when the sun is shining directly on the collector. Though some solar energy collection systems track the sun in order to maximize the solar energy collected, they generally use a light sensor to determine if the collector is facing the sun. Light detectors are relatively fragile and complex increasing the cost of a system and making the system prone to failure.
SUMMARYThe present disclosure relates to a modular solar energy transfer system for users to attain energy having at least one energy collection module and at least one energy transfer element.
In some embodiments, the present disclosure relates to a solar energy collection system that includes: a primary collecting dish configured to collect solar energy; a secondary concentrating dish configured to concentrate solar energy; a dual-axis tracking system to maintain direct normal orientation to the sun; a thermal heat exchanger unit configured to transfer the thermal energy into a liquid whose output and input may be connected in parallel or serial in order to: amplify the heating of the liquid; and increase the volume of heated liquid based on the connection configuration.
In some embodiments, the solar energy system can be used to collect solar energy by; calculating the position of the sun based on GPS coordinates; orienting the primary reflector normal to the sun; collecting and concentrating the solar energy; and transferring the energy into a working fluid. In some embodiments, the solar energy system can have the liquids heated by a system including: a solar photovoltaic array to gather solar radiant energy; a secondary thermal system which generates heat when subjected to electrical current; and a thermal heat exchanger unit configured to transfer the thermal energy into a liquid.
In some embodiments the solar thermal energy is collected using only a primary collecting dish configured to gather solar energy.
In one aspect, the present disclosure relates to a modular solar energy transfer system, the system including a primary reflector including a reflective material and a pass-through; a dual-axis tracking system, structurally connected to the primary reflector, configured to orient the primary reflector normal to a sun; a secondary reflector including a reflective material, wherein the secondary reflector is smaller than the primary reflector, structurally connected to the primary reflector and positioned above the primary reflector, and wherein the secondary reflector receives solar energy reflected by the primary reflector and concentrates the solar energy to the pass-through in the primary reflector; an energy transfer component located below the primary reflector, configured to receive solar energy reflected by the secondary reflector and through the pass-through in the primary reflector; and a working fluid contained within the energy transfer component to receive the solar energy.
In some embodiments, the primary reflector is curved. In some embodiments, the primary reflector has a spherical curvature, a radius of about sixty inches to about 100 inches, a length of about forty inches to about sixty inches, a width of about forty inches to about sixty inches, and a thickness of about one-sixteenth to about one-half of an inch. In some embodiments, the reflective material of the primary reflector can include metal. In some embodiments, the secondary reflector can be curved. In some embodiments, the secondary reflector can have a spherical curvature has a radius of about twenty to about thirty-five inches, a length of about eight to about fifteen inches, a width of about eight to about fifteen inches, and a thickness of about one-sixteenth inches to about one inch. In some embodiments, the reflective material of the secondary reflector can be metal polished to a mirrored finish. In some embodiments, the working fluid can be water. In some embodiments, the dual axis tracking system can have an accuracy of about one-hundredth degrees to about one degree. In some embodiments, the energy transfer component can be optical glass. In some embodiments, the energy transfer component can have an output and an input connected in parallel or serial.
Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a method of collecting and distributing solar energy from a sun using a modular solar energy transfer system, the method including the steps of determining a position of the sun based on GPS coordinates of the modular solar energy transfer system; aligning a primary reflector normal to the sun, based on the position of the sun; collecting solar energy using the primary reflector; concentrating the collected solar energy using a secondary reflector; and transferring the collected and concentrated solar energy to a working fluid.
In some embodiments, the dual axis tracking system can have an accuracy of about one-hundredth degrees to about one degree. In some embodiments, the primary reflector is curved. In some embodiments, the primary reflector has a spherical curvature, a radius of about sixty inches to about 100 inches, a length of about forty inches to about sixty inches, a width of about forty inches to about sixty inches, and a thickness of about one-sixteenth to about one-half of an inch. In some embodiments, the reflective material of the primary reflector can include metal. In some embodiments, the secondary reflector can be curved. In some embodiments, the secondary reflector can have a spherical curvature has a radius of about twenty to about thirty-five inches, a length of about eight to about fifteen inches, a width of about eight to about fifteen inches, and a thickness of about one-sixteenth inches to about one inch. In some embodiments, the reflective material of the secondary reflector can be metal polished to a mirrored finish. In some embodiments, the working fluid can be water.
The present disclosure relates to an energy transfer system that is designed to collect and concentrate solar energy using a series of reflectors. The use of reflectors increases the amount of solar energy collected and increases system efficiency. The concentrated solar energy is then transferred to a working fluid which can be stored and utilized to meet a variety of energy needs. Use of a working fluid for energy storage allows the system to serve multiple energy needs rather than being devoted to a single purpose. The solar collector is situated atop a dual-axis tracking system which can orient the collector toward the sun, further maximizing the system's efficiency.
In further detail, the present disclosure relates to an energy transfer system that is designed to collect radiant energy from the sun including, but not limited to, the visible and infrared spectrum. The system is designed to be modular in that the system is scalable and configurable for the needs of the user. Applications for the system include, but are not limited to, residential water heating and electricity generation and/or commercial water heating and electricity generation.
The system is comprised of at least one solar collector, at least one energy transfer component, and at least one energy storage component and the aforementioned three components are required for operation. Optional components for the system include, but are not limited to, at least one water heating module, at least one electricity generation module, at least one space heating module, and/or at least one space cooling module. The optional components enable a user to transfer the sun's radiant energy into a form suitable for residential and/or commercial applications.
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The primary reflector 258 and the secondary reflector 262 may be connected by a support structure 260 or the primary reflector 258 and the secondary reflector may be connected to a support structure separately (not depicted in
The energy transfer component 254 can be about one inch to about five inches, e.g., about three inches wide, about one inch to about five inches, e.g., about three inches long, and about one-half inches to five inches, e.g., about one and one-half inches thick with two about three-quarter inch connection points, e.g., female national pipe taper (NPT) points directly across from one another. The energy transfer component 254 can have about a one-half inches to about three inches, e.g., one inch diameter circular cutout that is perpendicular to the previously mentioned connection points and mounted in the one inch cutout can be about a one inch window which can be made of, but not limited to, optical glass. The energy transfer component 254 can be connected to the output of the energy storage component 256 and is connected to the input of the energy storage component 252.
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In another embodiment of the solar energy transfer system 250 the solar energy collection component 258 can be the secondary reflector 262 and can be arranged off-axis from the solar energy collection component 258. The energy transfer component 254 can be moved from under the solar energy collection component 258 to a location where the secondary reflector 262 can have line of sight. The resulting configuration can be similar to an off-axis parabolic reflector found in a satellite television dish.
The modular solar energy transfer system 250 may be made of metal or of any other sufficiently rigid and strong material such as high strength plastic, carbon fiber, and the like. Further the various components of the modular solar energy transfer system 254 can be made of different materials.
In some embodiments, the dual-axis tracking system has an adapter mounting plate 406 which can be, but is not limited to, a plate that is rectangular and flat or cylindrical in geometry made from metal or of any other sufficiently rigid and strong material such as high strength plastic, carbon fiber, and the like that is structurally connected to the desired mounting surface (not depicted in
In some embodiments, the azimuth tracking subsystem 408 has an outer geometry which can be, but is not limited to, rectangular or circular and can be made from metal or any sufficiently rigid and strong material such as high strength plastic, carbon fiber, and the like. The outer geometry can have a radius of about two inches to about twenty inches, e.g., about nine inches, a height of about two inches to about twelve inches, e.g., about six inches and a thickness of about one-eighth inches to about two inches, e.g., about three-quarter inches. The azimuth tracking subsystem 408 can contain, but is not limited to, an electric motor, an electrical limit switch, an electrical encoder, a mounting bracket, a rotational load bearing element, and a rotating element and can have an angular accuracy of about one-hundredth degrees to about one degree, e.g., about twenty-hundredth degrees.
In some embodiments, the azimuth tracking subsystem 408 and an elevation tracking subsystem 407 may be connected by a support structure 404 or the azimuth tracking subsystem 408 and an elevation tracking subsystem 407 may be connected by a separate support structure (not depicted in
In some embodiments, the support structure 404 can be structurally connected to the primary reflector 402 by, but not limited to, a reflector support 411. The support structure 404 and the reflector support 411 anchor the primary reflector to the dual-axis tracking system. The primary reflector 402, the energy pass through 409, the secondary reflector 401, and support structure 405 can be the same as the primary reflector 258, the secondary reflector 262, the energy pass through 251, and the support structure 260 described in
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The first step in the method of collecting and storing solar energy using a modular solar energy transfer system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure can involve determining the position of the sun based on GPS coordinates 701. A solar collector is most efficient when it is in a position normal to the sun. Because the sun moves through the sky, ascertaining its exact position at a given time is critical to efficiently collecting solar energy. In this step, a computer is used to calculate the position of the sun based on the location of the modular solar energy transfer system and the date and time. This information is used to control movements of the dual-axis tracking system.
In some embodiments, the second step in the method of collecting and storing solar energy using a modular solar energy transfer system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is to align the primary reflector normal to the sun 702. Using the position of the sun the dual-axis tracking system places the primary reflector in a position normal to the sun, as calculated in the previous step. The azimuth tracking subsystem can be used to alter the rotational position of the primary reflector and the elevation tracking subsystem can be used to adjust the angle of the primary reflector such that that primary reflector is normal to the sun. A computer can be used to track the movements of the motors in the azimuth tracking subsystem and an elevation tracking subsystem. When the motors have moved a sufficient distance to place the primary reflector in a position normal to the sun the system stops moving the primary reflector.
The third step in the method of collecting and storing solar energy using a modular solar energy transfer system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is to collect solar energy using the primary reflector 703. Energy collection is accomplished by reflecting the radiation that impinges on the primary reflector and directing it toward the secondary reflector which is located above the primary reflector.
The fourth step in the method of collecting and storing solar energy using a modular solar energy transfer system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure can involve using a secondary reflector to concentrate the solar energy toward an energy transfer element 704. The secondary reflector is smaller than the primary reflector, thus, when it receives the energy reflected toward it from the larger primary reflector and directs that energy toward the energy transfer element, the energy becomes more concentrated.
The fifth and final step in the method of collecting and storing solar energy using a modular solar energy transfer system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure can be to transfer the solar energy to a working fluid 705. Solar energy incident on the energy transfer unit is radiantly and/or conductively transferred into the working fluid.
The transfer backplate 403 can be structurally connected to the thermal heat exchanger unit 415. The thermal heat exchanger unit 415 can be about five inches from the concave front surface of the primary reflector 402 to about twenty inches from the convex back surface of the primary reflector 402. The thermal heat exchanger unit 415, the primary reflector 402, and the secondary reflector 401 can be aligned along each components center line in the vertical and the horizontal directions.
In another embodiment of a solar energy collector 500 the convex surface of the secondary reflector 401 can be facing away from the concave surface of the primary reflector 402 or the secondary reflector 401 can be flat and facing either toward or away from the concave surface of the primary reflector 402. The thermal heat exchanger unit 415 can be structurally connected to the primary reflector 402 and the transfer backplate 403 and support structure 410 can be removed while maintaining the center line alignment between the thermal heat exchanger unit 415, the primary reflector 402, and the secondary reflector 401. The thermal heat exchanger unit 415 can be arranged off-axis from the primary reflector 402 or the secondary reflector 401 and moved from behind the primary reflector 402 to a location where the secondary reflector 401 can have line of sight. The resulting configuration can be similar to an off-axis parabolic reflector found in a satellite television dish.
In another embodiment of a thermal heat exchanger unit 600 the transfer backplate 403, the energy protecting sheath 421, the input conduit adapter 422, and the output conduit adapter 424 can be removed and the transfer body 427 can be structurally connected to the primary reflector 402 by the retaining mount 425 or other structural support (not depicted in
The modular solar energy transfer system 300 can be sufficiently sized to deliver the energy use required by the user. The solar energy collection component 344 can be sufficiently large for collecting solar energy, such as about a projected area of 0.5 to 2.0 square meters. The energy that is radiative or conductively transferred 342 can be performed at efficiency greater than 50%, and the energy transfer component 340 can operate at efficiency greater than 50%. The hot water heater 322 can be of sufficient size to store water as required by the user. The pump 330 can provide sufficient flow to move the water from the hot water heater 322 through the energy transfer component 340 and return through the flow diverter 310 into the hot water heater 322.
The pipe coupling 306, pipe coupling 314, and pipe coupling 336 may be made of sufficiently rigid and strong material such as copper, plastic, PVC, and the like. The modular solar energy transfer system 340 may be made of metal or of any other sufficiently rigid and strong material such as high strength plastic, carbon fiber, and the like. Further, the various components of the modular solar energy transfer system 340 can be made of different materials.
The advantages of the present disclosure include, without limitation, that it is modular and easy to configure based on the user requirements. It is easy to install these devices onto a structure or open space because the system is capable of being decomposed into smaller modular components. Moving such systems typically requires a single person, and typically at most two persons when installing the components in difficult to access areas. Further, the system may be connected in various configurations depending on the requirements of the user.
In some embodiments, the present disclosure is at least one solar energy collector connected to an energy transfer component, an energy storage component, and at least one energy generation component that work in concert to meet the user energy use requirement.
While the foregoing written description of the present disclosure enables one of ordinary skill to make and use what is considered presently to be the best mode thereof, those of ordinary skill will understand and appreciate the existence of variations, combinations, and equivalents of the specific embodiment, method, and examples herein. The present disclosure should therefore not be limited by the above described embodiment, method, and examples, but by all embodiments and methods within the scope and spirit of the present disclosure.
Claims
1. A modular solar energy transfer system comprising:
- a primary reflector comprising a reflective material and a pass-through;
- a dual-axis tracking system, structurally connected to the primary reflector and configured to orient the primary reflector normal to a sun;
- a secondary reflector comprising a reflective material, wherein the secondary reflector is smaller than the primary reflector, structurally connected to the primary reflector and positioned above the primary reflector, and wherein the secondary reflector receives solar energy reflected by the primary reflector and concentrates the solar energy to the pass-through in the primary reflector;
- an energy transfer component located below the primary reflector, configured to receive solar energy reflected by the secondary reflector and through the pass-through in the primary reflector; and
- a working fluid contained within the energy transfer component to receive the solar energy from the energy transfer component.
2. The modular solar energy transfer system of claim 1, wherein the primary reflector is curved.
3. The modular solar energy transfer system of claim 2, wherein the primary reflector comprises a spherical curvature, a radius of about sixty inches to about 100 inches, a length of about forty inches to about sixty inches, a width of about forty inches to about sixty inches, and a thickness of about one-sixteenth to about one-half of an inch.
4. The modular solar energy transfer system of claim 2, wherein the reflective material of the primary reflector comprises metal.
5. The modular solar energy transfer system of claim 1, wherein the secondary reflector is curved.
6. The modular solar energy transfer system of claim 5, wherein the secondary reflector comprises a spherical curvature, a radius of about twenty to about thirty-five inches, a length of about eight to about fifteen inches, a width of about eight to about fifteen inches, and a thickness of about one-sixteenth inches to about one inch.
7. The modular solar energy transfer system of claim 5, wherein the reflective material of the secondary reflector comprises metal polished to a mirrored finish.
8. The modular solar energy transfer system of claim 1, wherein the working fluid comprises water.
9. The modular solar energy transfer system of claim 1, wherein the dual axis tracking system has an accuracy of about one-hundredth degrees to about one degree.
10. The modular solar energy transfer system of claim 1, wherein the energy transfer component comprises optical glass.
11. The modular solar energy transfer system of claim 1, wherein the energy transfer component comprises an output and an input connected in parallel or serial.
12. A method of collecting and distributing solar energy from a sun using a modular solar energy transfer system comprising;
- determining a position of the sun based on GPS coordinates of the modular solar energy transfer system;
- aligning a primary reflector normal to the sun, based on the position of the sun;
- collecting solar energy using the primary reflector;
- concentrating the collected solar energy using a secondary reflector; and
- transferring the collected and concentrated solar energy to a working fluid.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein the primary reflector is oriented with a rotational accuracy of about one-hundredth degree to about one degree.
14. The method of claim 12, wherein the primary reflector is curved.
15. The method of claim 12, wherein the primary reflector comprises a spherical curvature, a radius of about sixty inches to about 100 inches, a length of about forty inches to about sixty inches, a width of about forty inches to about sixty inches, and a thickness of about one-sixteenth to about one-half of an inch.
16. The method of claim 12, wherein the reflective material of the primary reflector comprises metal.
17. The method of claim 12, wherein the secondary reflector is curved.
18. The method of claim 12, wherein the secondary reflector comprises a spherical curvature has a radius of about twenty to about thirty-five inches, a length of about eight to about fifteen inches, a width of about eight to about fifteen inches, and a thickness of about one-sixteenth inches to about one inch.
19. The method of claim 12, wherein the reflective material of the secondary reflector comprises metal polished to a mirrored finish.
20. The method of claim 12, wherein the working fluid comprises water.
Type: Application
Filed: Jan 2, 2015
Publication Date: Jul 2, 2015
Inventors: Sean Michael GILLILAND (Reno, NV), Marianna Isabel Novellino FAJARDO (Cambridge, MA), Alexander Leonely PINA (Somerville, MA)
Application Number: 14/588,566